-
Categories
-
Pharmaceutical Intermediates
-
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
-
Food Additives
- Industrial Coatings
- Agrochemicals
- Dyes and Pigments
- Surfactant
- Flavors and Fragrances
- Chemical Reagents
- Catalyst and Auxiliary
- Natural Products
- Inorganic Chemistry
-
Organic Chemistry
-
Biochemical Engineering
- Analytical Chemistry
-
Cosmetic Ingredient
- Water Treatment Chemical
-
Pharmaceutical Intermediates
Promotion
ECHEMI Mall
Wholesale
Weekly Price
Exhibition
News
-
Trade Service
PD-1 (Programmed cell death-1) PD-L1 (Programmedcell death-L1) ，PD-1PDL1PD-1 (Programmed cell death-1) PD-L1 (Programmedcell death-L1) ，PD-1PDL1
。[1]
。PD-1PD-L11（PD-L1），1（PD-1）
。，，[2]
。，，[3]
。
The amino acid sequence of PD-1 is 15% similar to CD28, 20% similar to CTLA4, and 13% similar to the induced T cell co-stimulator[5]
PD-1 PD-1 , also known as CD279, was first interleukin-3 (IL-3)-deprived LyD9 (mouse hematopoietic progenitor) and 2B4-11 (mouse T cell hybridoma) cells in 1992 Stripped in the system [4]
PD-1 Ligand PD-1 Ligand (PD-L1; also known as CD279 and B7-H1) belongs to the B7 series and is a 33 kDa type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein containing 290 amino acids with Ig in its extracellular region and IgC domains [7]
Figure 1: PD-1/PD-L1 axis inhibits T cell activation, proliferation, survival and cytotoxic secretion in cancer cells[8]
The PD-1/PD-L1 axis can be modulated by various signals in cancer cells and plays a key role in tumorigenesis
Figure 2: Various pathway regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 expression
This figure summarizes several regimes that are critical to improving cancer care
PD-1/PD-L1 targeted inhibitors have been reported to play a key role in cancer
.
.
Next, we will make a summary of the existing PD-1/PD-L1 drugs
Basic information1.
Basic information 1.
Basic information
Pictures of medicines 2.
Drug Specifications and Usage and Dosage 3.
Drug Specifications and Usage and Dosage
Drug indications and adverse reactions 4.
Drug indications and adverse reactions
Alsaab HO, Sau S, Alzhrani R, Tatiparti K, Bhise K, Kashaw SK, Iyer AK (23 August 2017).
"PD-1 and PD-L1 Checkpoint Signaling Inhibition for Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanism, Combinations, and Clinical Outcome" .
Frontiersin Pharmacology.
8: 561.
doi:10.
3389/fphar.
2017.
00561.
PMC 5572324.
PMID 28878676.
FranciscoLM, Sage PT, Sharpe AH (July 2010).
"The PD-1 pathway in tolerance and autoimmunity".
Immunological Reviews.
236: 219–42.
doi:10.
1111/j.
1600-065X.
2010.
00923.
x.
PMC 2919275.
PMID 20636820.
Jump up to: abcd Sunshine J, Taube JM (August 2015).
"PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors".
Current Opinion in Pharmacology.
23: 32-.
doi: 10.
1016/j.
coph.
2015.
05.
011.
PMC 4516625 .
PMID 26047524.
Ishida Y, AgataY, Shibahara K and Honjo T.
Induced expression of PD-1, a novel member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily, upon programmed cell death.
EMBO J 1992; 11:3887-3895.
Carreno BM and Collins M.
The B7 family of li- gands and its receptors: new pathways for co-stimulation and inhibition of immune respons- es.
Annu Rev Immunol 2002; 20:29-53.
Neel BG, Gu H and Pao L.
The 'Shp'ing news: SH2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatas- es in cellsignaling.
Trends Biochem Sci 2003; 28: 284-293.
Sharpe AH, WherryEJ, Ahmed R and Freeman GJ.
The function of programmed cell death 1 and its ligands in regulating autoimmunity and infection.
Nat Immunol 2007; 8: 239-245.
Han Y, Liu D, LiL.
PD-1/PD-L1 pathway: current researches in cancer.
Am J Cancer Res.
2020 Mar1;10(3):727-742.
PMID: 32266087; PMCID: PMC7136921.
Managingtoxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: consensus recommendations from the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) ToxicityManagement Working Group
Immune Checkpoint Blockade: A New Paradigm in Treating Advanced Cancer
NCCN – Management of Immunotherapy-Related Toxicities.
Leave a comment here
。[1]
。PD-1PD-L11（PD-L1），1（PD-1）
。，，[2]
。，，[3]
。
PD-1 , also known as CD279, was first stripped in 1992 in LyD9 (mouse hematopoietic progenitor) and 2B4-11 (mouse T cell hybridoma) cell lines deprived of interleukin-3 (IL-3) [4]
.
The amino acid sequence of PD-1 is 15% similar to CD28, 20% similar to CTLA4, and 13% similar to the induced T cell co-stimulator[5]
PD-1 PD-1 , also known as CD279, was first interleukin-3 (IL-3)-deprived LyD9 (mouse hematopoietic progenitor) and 2B4-11 (mouse T cell hybridoma) cells in 1992 Stripped in the system [4]
PD-1 Ligand PD-1 Ligand (PD-L1; also known as CD279 and B7-H1) belongs to the B7 series and is a 33 kDa type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein containing 290 amino acids with Ig in its extracellular region and IgC domains [7]
Figure 1: PD-1/PD-L1 axis inhibits T cell activation, proliferation, survival and cytotoxic secretion in cancer cells[8]
The PD-1/PD-L1 axis can be modulated by various signals in cancer cells and plays a key role in tumorigenesis
Figure 2: Various pathway regulation of PD-1/PD-L1 expression
PD-1/PD-L1 targeted inhibitors have been reported to play a key role in cancer
.
This figure summarizes several regimes that are critical to improving cancer care
PD-1/PD-L1 targeted inhibitors have been reported to play a key role in cancer
Figure 3: PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in cancer
.
.
Next, we will make a summary of the existing PD-1/PD-L1 drugs
.
.
Next, we will make a summary of the existing PD-1/PD-L1 drugs
1.
Basic information1.
Basic information 1.
Basic information
The pictures of drugs
2.Pictures of medicines 2.
3.
Drug Specifications and Dosage
Drug Specifications and Usage and Dosage 3.
Drug Specifications and Usage and Dosage
Fourth, drug indications and adverse reactions
4.Drug indications and adverse reactions 4.
Drug indications and adverse reactions
Immunotherapy-related adverse reactions and countermeasures IRAEs (immune-related adverse effects)
Immunotherapy-related adverse reactions and countermeasuresIRAEs (immune-related adverse effects) Immunotherapy-related adverse reactions and countermeasuresIRAEs (immune-related adverse effects)
Severity of immunotherapy-related adverse reactions [9] :
Severity of immunotherapy-related adverse reactions [9] Severity of immunotherapy-related adverse reactions [9]
-
can affect any organ
-
Clinical manifestations and severity vary from mild to severe
can affect any organ
can affect any organ
can affect any organClinical manifestations and severity vary from mild to severe
Clinical manifestations and severity vary from mild to severe
Clinical manifestations and severity vary from mild to severe
Time of occurrence of immunotherapy-related adverse reactions [10] :
Time of occurrence of immunotherapy-related adverse reactions [10] Time of occurrence of immunotherapy-related adverse reactions [10] :
-
The timing of occurrence varies slightly with different classes of immunosuppressive drugs
-
Can occur at any point during treatment
-
can even occur after stopping treatment
The timing of occurrence varies slightly with different classes of immunosuppressive drugs
The timing of occurrence varies slightly with different classes of immunosuppressive drugs
The timing of occurrence varies slightly with different classes of immunosuppressive drugsCan occur at any point during treatment
Can occur at any point during treatment
Can occur at any point during treatmentcan even occur after stopping treatment
can even occur after stopping treatment
can even occur after stopping treatment
Monitoring of immunotherapy-related adverse reactions [11] :
Monitoring of immunotherapy-related adverse reactions [11] Monitoring of immunotherapy-related adverse reactions [11] :Treatment of immunotherapy-related adverse reactions:
Treatment of Immunotherapy-Associated Adverse Reactions: Treatment of Immunotherapy-Associated Adverse Reactions:
-
First-degree adverse reactions: Continued use of immunotherapy drugs
-
Second-level adverse reactions: suspend the use of immunotherapy drugs, and wait until the adverse reactions return to first-level, then repeat use
-
Grade 3 adverse reactions: suspension of immunotherapy drugs + high-dose corticosteroids*
-
Grade 4 adverse reactions: Permanent discontinuation of immunotherapy + high-dose corticosteroids*
First-degree adverse reactions: Continued use of immunotherapy drugs
First-degree adverse reactions: Continued use of immunotherapy drugs
First-degree adverse reactions: Continued use of immunotherapy drugsSecond-level adverse reactions: suspend the use of immunotherapy drugs, and wait until the adverse reactions return to first-level, then repeat use
Second-level adverse reactions: suspend the use of immunotherapy drugs, and wait until the adverse reactions return to first-level, then repeat use
Second-level adverse reactions: suspend the use of immunotherapy drugs, and wait until the adverse reactions return to first-level, then repeat useGrade 3 adverse reactions: suspension of immunotherapy drugs + high-dose corticosteroids*
Grade 3 adverse reactions: suspension of immunotherapy drugs + high-dose corticosteroids*
Grade 3 adverse reactions: suspension of immunotherapy drugs + high-dose corticosteroids*Grade 4 adverse reactions: Permanent discontinuation of immunotherapy + high-dose corticosteroids*
Grade 4 adverse reactions: Permanent discontinuation of immunotherapy + high-dose corticosteroids*
Grade 4 adverse reactions: Permanent discontinuation of immunotherapy + high-dose corticosteroids** Hormone options: prednisone or methylprednisone 1-2mg/kg/day, tapering over 6 weeks * Adverse reactions to hormone therapy
Reference
Reference1.
Alsaab HO, Sau S, Alzhrani R, Tatiparti K, Bhise K, Kashaw SK, Iyer AK (23 August 2017).
"PD-1 and PD-L1 Checkpoint Signaling Inhibition for Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanism, Combinations, and Clinical Outcome" .
Frontiersin Pharmacology.
8: 561.
doi:10.
3389/fphar.
2017.
00561.
PMC 5572324.
PMID 28878676.
Alsaab HO, Sau S, Alzhrani R, Tatiparti K, Bhise K, Kashaw SK, Iyer AK (23 August 2017).
"PD-1 and PD-L1 Checkpoint Signaling Inhibition for Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanism, Combinations, and Clinical Outcome" .
Frontiersin Pharmacology.
8: 561.
doi:10.
3389/fphar.
2017.
00561.
PMC 5572324.
PMID 28878676.
2.
FranciscoLM, Sage PT, Sharpe AH (July 2010).
"The PD-1 pathway in tolerance and autoimmunity".
Immunological Reviews.
236: 219–42.
doi:10.
1111/j.
1600-065X.
2010.
00923.
x.
PMC 2919275.
PMID 20636820.
FranciscoLM, Sage PT, Sharpe AH (July 2010).
"The PD-1 pathway in tolerance and autoimmunity".
Immunological Reviews.
236: 219–42.
doi:10.
1111/j.
1600-065X.
2010.
00923.
x.
PMC 2919275.
PMID 20636820.
3.
Jump up to: abcd Sunshine J, Taube JM (August 2015).
"PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors".
Current Opinion in Pharmacology.
23: 32-.
doi: 10.
1016/j.
coph.
2015.
05.
011.
PMC 4516625 .
PMID 26047524.
Jump up to: abcd Sunshine J, Taube JM (August 2015).
"PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors".
Current Opinion in Pharmacology.
23: 32-.
doi: 10.
1016/j.
coph.
2015.
05.
011.
PMC 4516625 .
PMID 26047524.
4.
Ishida Y, AgataY, Shibahara K and Honjo T.
Induced expression of PD-1, a novel member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily, upon programmed cell death.
EMBO J 1992; 11:3887-3895.
Ishida Y, AgataY, Shibahara K and Honjo T.
Induced expression of PD-1, a novel member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily, upon programmed cell death.
EMBO J 1992; 11:3887-3895.
5.
Carreno BM and Collins M.
The B7 family of li- gands and its receptors: new pathways for co-stimulation and inhibition of immune respons- es.
Annu Rev Immunol 2002; 20:29-53.
Carreno BM and Collins M.
The B7 family of li- gands and its receptors: new pathways for co-stimulation and inhibition of immune respons- es.
Annu Rev Immunol 2002; 20:29-53.
6.
Neel BG, Gu H and Pao L.
The 'Shp'ing news: SH2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatas- es in cellsignaling.
Trends Biochem Sci 2003; 28: 284-293.
Neel BG, Gu H and Pao L.
The 'Shp'ing news: SH2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatas- es in cellsignaling.
Trends Biochem Sci 2003; 28: 284-293.
7.
Sharpe AH, WherryEJ, Ahmed R and Freeman GJ.
The function of programmed cell death 1 and its ligands in regulating autoimmunity and infection.
Nat Immunol 2007; 8: 239-245.
Sharpe AH, WherryEJ, Ahmed R and Freeman GJ.
The function of programmed cell death 1 and its ligands in regulating autoimmunity and infection.
Nat Immunol 2007; 8: 239-245.
8.
Han Y, Liu D, LiL.
PD-1/PD-L1 pathway: current researches in cancer.
Am J Cancer Res.
2020 Mar1;10(3):727-742.
PMID: 32266087; PMCID: PMC7136921.
Han Y, Liu D, LiL.
PD-1/PD-L1 pathway: current researches in cancer.
Am J Cancer Res.
2020 Mar1;10(3):727-742.
PMID: 32266087; PMCID: PMC7136921.
9.
Managingtoxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: consensus recommendations from the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) ToxicityManagement Working Group
Managingtoxicities associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: consensus recommendations from the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) ToxicityManagement Working Group
10.
Immune Checkpoint Blockade: A New Paradigm in Treating Advanced Cancer
Immune Checkpoint Blockade: A New Paradigm in Treating Advanced Cancer
11.
NCCN – Management of Immunotherapy-Related Toxicities.
NCCN – Management of Immunotherapy-Related Toxicities.
Leave a comment here
