Interpretation! Scientists have discovered four subtypes of triple-negative breast cancer cells that could help develop new individualized targeted therapies.

21, 2020 // -- In a recent study published in the international journal EMBO Journal entitled "Stromal cell diversity with immune in human triple-negative breast cancer", scientists from the Gavin Institute of Medicine in Sydney and others have found four new subtypes of triple-negative breast cancer that could help develop new treatments for the cancer.
Using cytogenomics, researchers have found that a new type of cell produces molecules that inhibit the body's immune cells, helping cancer cells avoid attacks by the host immune system, and researcher Professor Alex Swarbrick says the prognosis for triple-negative breast cancer patients tends to be poor, in large part because researchers are slow to develop treatments that analyze single cells in patient tumor samples and understand the composition of tumors, which can be used to identify subtypes of cells and apply them to disease research.
Photo Source: Sunny Wu by definition, triple-negative breast cancer lacks three kinds of conceits, estrogen- and progesterone-like, and HER2 proteins, which are often targeted in other breast cancers through special therapies, while treatment for triple-negative breast cancer patients is often very limited and has a relatively poor prognosticity, with a significant number of patients dying within five years of diagnosis. In the
study, researchers looked for new potential therapeutic targets by analyzing a single cell inside a triple-negative breast cancer, perhaps not only for the cancer cells themselves, but also for surrounding host cells, such as immune cells and connective tissue cells, which are thought to support tumor growth and spread as an "ecosystem" of cancer. In the
article, the researchers used next-generation sequencing techniques to analyze 24,271 single cells from live tissue samples taken from five patients with triple-negative breast cancer, detecting more than 6,000 special RNA molecules in each cell and creating snapshots of the activity of each cell's genes.
by analyzing the properties of active genes, the researchers revealed four subtypes of subtypes of subtones that form connective tissue in the body, and previous studies of triple-negative breast cancer have generally concluded that there is only one type of substitial cell.
further study, the researchers revealed the key role of these four cell subtypes in triple-negative breast cancer, and they also shed light on the interaction between the signaling molecules produced by the substiter and immune cells.
The study illustrates the apparent interaction between immune cells and substitin cells, which may play a key role in the development of multiple cancers; for example, researchers have found that a cell subtype called inflammatory cancer-related fibroblasts (iCAFs) in breast cancer releases the polymer CXCL12, a signaling molecule that inhibits T-cell anti-tumor activity.
researcher Professor Swarbrick says this is important because immunotherapy that activates a patient's own immune system against tumors tends to be limited in many patients with triple-negative breast cancer, and if iCAFs inhibit the function of T-cells in triple-negative breast cancer, we may be able to eliminate this interaction, making T-cells more susceptible to activation and more likely to attack cancer.
researchers say that combining immunotherapy with therapy that blocks the interaction between substitiocytes and immune cells may promise to improve the treatment of current triple-negative breast cancers, and that future researchers will further analyze breast cancer samples to better understand the cells that make up triple-negative breast cancer and their interactions to develop new targeted therapies that effectively block the cancer.
pathologists have been describing the history of cancer under a microscope for more than 150 years, but researchers now have only a very limited understanding of the cells that make up cancer, and now, as scientists advance in the field of cell genome research, what we once thought of as a cell type is actually a mixture of multiple cell types, which is important for later scientists to develop new personalized targeted therapies.
() References: 1 Sunny Z Wu, Daniel L Roden, Chenfei Wang, et al. Stromal cell diversity associated with immune evasion in triple-negative breast cancer, EMBO Journal (2020). DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019104063 (2) Breast 'ecosystem' reveals possible new targets for treatment.