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Mr.
Jin Yong’s "The Couple of Condor Heroes" is popular with the public for its ups and downs and plots full of love, hatred, and hatred
.
There are many related film and television works .
In the "Unfeeling Valley", the protagonist Yang Guo's sadomasochistic relationship with Xiaolongnv because of her virulent love flower is the climax of the book
.
The "love flower and highly poisonous" in the novel can be resolved by using "broken bowel" to fight poison with poison.
Today I want to talk about the knowledge of pharmacy in the book
.
"The Flower of Love" appears in the seventeenth chapter of the "Lord of the Condor Heroes"
.
It is written in the article that the love flower "is full of small thorns on the branches and leaves, but the color of the petals is very delicate and beautiful, like hibiscus but more fragrant, like camellia and brightening
.
" In the real world, the similar flower of love is the white mandala flower
.
The white mandala flower is also known as the gold flower.
Because of its whiteness and flawlessness, it often implies love, and is considered a modern love flower
.
The whole plant is poisonous, with fruits and seeds the most poisonous
.
Because the shape of the white Datura flower and its medicinal ingredients have similar effects on the human body, many scholars have inferred that the white Datura flower is closely related to the "Love flower"
.
In addition, the grass is real
.
According to the records of the Flora of China: Gelsemium elegans is an annual vine, 3-12 meters long
.
The branchlets are cylindrical, with longitudinal edges when young; except for the bract margin and the pedicel when young, the whole plant is glabrous
.
Produced in Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan and other provinces in China
.
Gelsemium, because its roots contain the highly toxic component of Gelsemine, overdose will cause a strong reaction in the digestive system, causing abdominal pain and being fatal
.
The growth environment of Gelsemium is very similar to the geomorphological description of Jueqing Valley in the novel, and the symptoms of poisoning are also very similar to the description in the novel
.
Here, the author briefly summarizes the pharmacological effects and clinical applications of Qinghua (Dactylorhiza) and Russula (Gelsis)
.
PART 0 1.
Daffodil is a species included in the 2015 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and has important medicinal value; the types of compounds isolated and found in Daffodil include solanoides, flavonoids, and alkaloids , Sesquiterpenes, lignans, phenolic acids, etc.
Among them, the research on solanolides and flavonoids is more in-depth
.
Among them, the highest content is alkaloids: mainly scopolamine, scopolamine and atropine
.
These alkaloids can act on the central nervous system and cardiac M receptors, and then cause central depression and excitement of the heart.
At toxic doses, symptoms such as tachycardia, chest pain, and respiratory failure can be manifested
.
1.
1 Solanolide Solanide is a kind of ergostane C-26 carboxylic acid lactone steroid compound, which is composed of 28 carbon atoms and contains 4 A, B, C, and D in the molecule.
Ring and 1 side chain E ring, solanolide compounds are mainly a series of compounds derived from different ring A/B, ring C, ring D and side chain E ring
.
At present, there are 82 kinds of solanolide compounds isolated from datura flowers, and their core structure is shown in Figure 1.
1.
2 Alkaloid datura flowers have the largest content of alkaloids, accounting for 0.
3% to 0.
4% of the total weight.
The content of scopolamine is the highest, accounting for 85% of the total alkaloids, followed by scopolamine and atropine
.
Atropine has an excitatory effect on the central nervous system, scopolamine is an M choline receptor blocker, and scopolamine has an inhibitory effect on the central nervous system
.
Low-dose intake of total alkaloids from D.
japonica showed mild central excitatory effect, and high-dose showed central inhibitory effect
.
Figure 2 The mechanism of action and pharmacological effects of alkaloids in datura flower (love flower) 1.
3 Other types of structure The other chemical components in datura flower also include flavonoids, sesquiterpenes, lignans, phenolic acids, and Polysaccharides, etc. .
The pharmacological effects of the daffodil flower include: anti-inflammatory, anti-itching effect, effect on epithelial cell mitosis and skin keratinization, cytoprotective effect, effect on the respiratory system, effect on the central nervous system, impact and other cardiovascular system
.
The clinical research progress of D.
chinensis is a traditional Chinese anesthetic in ancient China.
Since the 1970s, its clinical application has made new progress.
It is mainly used in psoriasis, lung disease, Parkinson’s disease, rheumatism, Treatment of schizophrenia and other aspects
.
For example, the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine used Yangjinhua to treat 242 patients with psoriasis
.
Add the total alkaloids injection (0.
2 mg/kg of total alkaloids of datura flowers) and 20 mg of acepromazine to 40 mL of normal saline, and slowly intravenous boluses
.
According to clinical observation, 139 cases were cured, accounting for 57.
5%; 24 cases were basically cured, accounting for 9.
9%; 31 cases were markedly effective, accounting for 12.
8%; 16 cases were improved, accounting for 6.
6%; the total effective rate was 86.
8%
.
118 cases of chronic bronchitis were treated with yangjinhua tincture, of which 42 cases were cured, accounting for 35.
6%; 34 cases were markedly effective, accounting for 28.
8%; 31 cases were effective, accounting for 26.
3%, and the total effective rate was 90.
7%; the whole plant of yangjinhua was extracted Asarum, made into skin ointment, used in the treatment of 48 cases of asthma in lung and diaphragm, with a total effective rate of 87.
4%; oral yangjinhua wine can treat rheumatoid arthritis, and before and after clinical and laboratory treatments Comparison of parameters has been significantly improved; Dianjinhua also has a good effect in the treatment of schizophrenia; Dianjinhua can also be used to treat shock, arrhythmia, compulsive spondylitis, vomiting, and alopecia
.
In short, even as a kind of toxic traditional Chinese medicinal material, the alkaloids of the toxic components are removed and the solanolactone and flavonoids can be effectively utilized.
The dactylorhiza still has broad development prospects
.
PART 0 2.
Gruntgrass The highly poisonous plant Gelsemium, also known as Grundgrass, belongs to the evergreen annual woody vine of Loganiaceae (Loganiaceae). .
Mainly distributed in China's Zhejiang, Jiangxi and other provinces south of the Yangtze River and Southeast Asia
.
The main active ingredients of Gelsemium are indole alkaloids, including: methyl glucosins, glucosins, cucurbitacin, koumine, sarpagine Class and yohimbane (yohimbane) class
.
Figure 3 The pharmacological study of the alkaloids in Gelsemium proved that the alkaloids of Gelsemium have analgesic, immune regulation and tumor growth inhibition effects.
Clinically, they are externally used to treat cancer pain, sciatica, smooth muscle colic and other pains.
Skin diseases such as eczema, furuncle carbuncle, psoriasis have good results
.
In addition, Gelsemium also has a certain therapeutic effect on malignant tumors such as gastric cancer and liver cancer
.
However, due to its highly toxic, and the therapeutic dose is similar to the toxic dose, it is easy to cause poisoning during clinical application, and may even lead to death of the patient
.
In order to avoid its toxic and side effects, the current medicinal use only focuses on external therapies such as pounding or grinding and conditioning, which severely restricts its clinical application
.
The pharmacological effects of Gelsemium include: anti-tumor, analgesia, anti-anxiety, immune regulation, and promotion of hematopoiesis
.
Figure 4 The inhibitory effect of some Gelsemium alkaloids on tumor cells.
Gelsemium is used in traditional Chinese medicine for rheumatic arthralgia and neuralgia
.
In recent years, it has also been used externally to treat various pains such as cancer pain, smooth muscle colic, and diseases such as tumors and psoriasis
.
Pharmacological studies have proved that Gelsemium alkaloids have biological activities such as analgesia, anti-anxiety, immune regulation, and inhibition of tumor growth
.
However, because Gelsemium is highly toxic, its clinical application is restricted; after Gelsemium is poisoned, neostigmine, atropine and animal blood (sheep, goose, chicken, etc.
) can be used for treatment, etc.
; current Gelsemium alkaloids are anti-tumor The effect is mainly detected at the cellular level.
Therefore, the effectiveness and mechanism of its anti-tumor effect in vivo need to be further studied
.
Although there is no such poisonous plant as love flower in the real world, there is a similar plant (dactylanthus). .
The alkaloids of Dactylaceae can cause human body poisoning through transdermal absorption and blood pathways.
The poisoning method and symptoms are quite similar to the poisoning symptoms of the "love flower" in the novel "The Legend of Condor Heroes"
.
The grass is real, and the Gelsemium alkaloids contained in it have the activity of cholinesterase inhibitors, and can produce M-like effects at toxic doses, which are manifested in the inhibition of the respiratory center and the vasomotor center
.
In the novel, the poison of "love flower" on Yang Guo's body is resolved by the heartbreaker.
In reality, if the poison is poisoned by taking the nectarine flower (love flower), can the poison be used to fight the poison and use the heartbreaker to detoxify it? The inhibitory effect of the vagus nerve center caused by Gelsemium alkaloid poisoning can be countered by atropine (alkaloid contained in the love flower), which indicates that the "love flower" and the "broken bowel grass" do exist in each other
.
Symptoms such as tachycardia caused by alkaloid poisoning in the love flower can be resisted by the alkaloids contained in the grass.
It has the miraculous effect of fighting poison with poison, but it is quite difficult to grasp the medicinal dosage
.
In the novel, the protagonist Yang Guo judges whether he needs to continue taking it according to his own feelings (by missing the heroine to feel whether he has symptoms of angina)
.
The Legend of Condor Heroes was created by Mr.
Jin Yong in 1959.
At this stage, there are not enough scientific reports to confirm the drug interaction between Dactylaceae and Guillotine.
Mr.
Jin Yong’s mastery of the details in the novel is amazing
.
Columnist: Xingxinghu medicinal chemistry background, has been engaged in target research, patent analysis and breakthroughs, and improved new drugs; now focuses on the molecular design of innovative drugs; loves the pharmaceutical industry, and is willing to learn from each other, make progress, and witness innovative drugs The best times
.
References: 1, Li Hao, Wang Yongqing, etc.
; Analysis of the role of love flowers and heart-broken herbs in Jin Yong's martial arts novels; Asia-Pacific traditional medicine Asia.
Pacific Traditional Medicine; DOI.
10.
11954/ytctyy.
201605022
.
2.
Chen Chaojie, He Jiali, etc.
; Literature analysis of 1034 cases of Gelsemium poisoning; Journal of Wuzhou University, June 2020, Volume 30, Issue 3
.
3.
Sun Mingxue, Xu Qingqiang, Xiao Kai, etc.
; Research progress in the pharmacology and toxicological mechanism of Gelsemium; The Journal of Toxicology, Volume 34, Issue 4, August 2020
.
4.
Jing Jianan, Lu Shaowa, etc.
; Research progress on the chemical constituents, pharmacological effects and clinical application of Dactylaceae; Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs Volume 47, Issue 19, October 2016
.
5.
Shen Baning, Wang Wenzhong, etc.
; Textual Research on the Materia Medica of Gelsemium; Chinese Journal of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy, Volume 28, Issue 10, May 2019
.
Jin Yong’s "The Couple of Condor Heroes" is popular with the public for its ups and downs and plots full of love, hatred, and hatred
.
There are many related film and television works .
In the "Unfeeling Valley", the protagonist Yang Guo's sadomasochistic relationship with Xiaolongnv because of her virulent love flower is the climax of the book
.
The "love flower and highly poisonous" in the novel can be resolved by using "broken bowel" to fight poison with poison.
Today I want to talk about the knowledge of pharmacy in the book
.
"The Flower of Love" appears in the seventeenth chapter of the "Lord of the Condor Heroes"
.
It is written in the article that the love flower "is full of small thorns on the branches and leaves, but the color of the petals is very delicate and beautiful, like hibiscus but more fragrant, like camellia and brightening
.
" In the real world, the similar flower of love is the white mandala flower
.
The white mandala flower is also known as the gold flower.
Because of its whiteness and flawlessness, it often implies love, and is considered a modern love flower
.
The whole plant is poisonous, with fruits and seeds the most poisonous
.
Because the shape of the white Datura flower and its medicinal ingredients have similar effects on the human body, many scholars have inferred that the white Datura flower is closely related to the "Love flower"
.
In addition, the grass is real
.
According to the records of the Flora of China: Gelsemium elegans is an annual vine, 3-12 meters long
.
The branchlets are cylindrical, with longitudinal edges when young; except for the bract margin and the pedicel when young, the whole plant is glabrous
.
Produced in Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan and other provinces in China
.
Gelsemium, because its roots contain the highly toxic component of Gelsemine, overdose will cause a strong reaction in the digestive system, causing abdominal pain and being fatal
.
The growth environment of Gelsemium is very similar to the geomorphological description of Jueqing Valley in the novel, and the symptoms of poisoning are also very similar to the description in the novel
.
Here, the author briefly summarizes the pharmacological effects and clinical applications of Qinghua (Dactylorhiza) and Russula (Gelsis)
.
PART 0 1.
Daffodil is a species included in the 2015 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and has important medicinal value; the types of compounds isolated and found in Daffodil include solanoides, flavonoids, and alkaloids , Sesquiterpenes, lignans, phenolic acids, etc.
Among them, the research on solanolides and flavonoids is more in-depth
.
Among them, the highest content is alkaloids: mainly scopolamine, scopolamine and atropine
.
These alkaloids can act on the central nervous system and cardiac M receptors, and then cause central depression and excitement of the heart.
At toxic doses, symptoms such as tachycardia, chest pain, and respiratory failure can be manifested
.
1.
1 Solanolide Solanide is a kind of ergostane C-26 carboxylic acid lactone steroid compound, which is composed of 28 carbon atoms and contains 4 A, B, C, and D in the molecule.
Ring and 1 side chain E ring, solanolide compounds are mainly a series of compounds derived from different ring A/B, ring C, ring D and side chain E ring
.
At present, there are 82 kinds of solanolide compounds isolated from datura flowers, and their core structure is shown in Figure 1.
1.
2 Alkaloid datura flowers have the largest content of alkaloids, accounting for 0.
3% to 0.
4% of the total weight.
The content of scopolamine is the highest, accounting for 85% of the total alkaloids, followed by scopolamine and atropine
.
Atropine has an excitatory effect on the central nervous system, scopolamine is an M choline receptor blocker, and scopolamine has an inhibitory effect on the central nervous system
.
Low-dose intake of total alkaloids from D.
japonica showed mild central excitatory effect, and high-dose showed central inhibitory effect
.
Figure 2 The mechanism of action and pharmacological effects of alkaloids in datura flower (love flower) 1.
3 Other types of structure The other chemical components in datura flower also include flavonoids, sesquiterpenes, lignans, phenolic acids, and Polysaccharides, etc. .
The pharmacological effects of the daffodil flower include: anti-inflammatory, anti-itching effect, effect on epithelial cell mitosis and skin keratinization, cytoprotective effect, effect on the respiratory system, effect on the central nervous system, impact and other cardiovascular system
.
The clinical research progress of D.
chinensis is a traditional Chinese anesthetic in ancient China.
Since the 1970s, its clinical application has made new progress.
It is mainly used in psoriasis, lung disease, Parkinson’s disease, rheumatism, Treatment of schizophrenia and other aspects
.
For example, the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine used Yangjinhua to treat 242 patients with psoriasis
.
Add the total alkaloids injection (0.
2 mg/kg of total alkaloids of datura flowers) and 20 mg of acepromazine to 40 mL of normal saline, and slowly intravenous boluses
.
According to clinical observation, 139 cases were cured, accounting for 57.
5%; 24 cases were basically cured, accounting for 9.
9%; 31 cases were markedly effective, accounting for 12.
8%; 16 cases were improved, accounting for 6.
6%; the total effective rate was 86.
8%
.
118 cases of chronic bronchitis were treated with yangjinhua tincture, of which 42 cases were cured, accounting for 35.
6%; 34 cases were markedly effective, accounting for 28.
8%; 31 cases were effective, accounting for 26.
3%, and the total effective rate was 90.
7%; the whole plant of yangjinhua was extracted Asarum, made into skin ointment, used in the treatment of 48 cases of asthma in lung and diaphragm, with a total effective rate of 87.
4%; oral yangjinhua wine can treat rheumatoid arthritis, and before and after clinical and laboratory treatments Comparison of parameters has been significantly improved; Dianjinhua also has a good effect in the treatment of schizophrenia; Dianjinhua can also be used to treat shock, arrhythmia, compulsive spondylitis, vomiting, and alopecia
.
In short, even as a kind of toxic traditional Chinese medicinal material, the alkaloids of the toxic components are removed and the solanolactone and flavonoids can be effectively utilized.
The dactylorhiza still has broad development prospects
.
PART 0 2.
Gruntgrass The highly poisonous plant Gelsemium, also known as Grundgrass, belongs to the evergreen annual woody vine of Loganiaceae (Loganiaceae). .
Mainly distributed in China's Zhejiang, Jiangxi and other provinces south of the Yangtze River and Southeast Asia
.
The main active ingredients of Gelsemium are indole alkaloids, including: methyl glucosins, glucosins, cucurbitacin, koumine, sarpagine Class and yohimbane (yohimbane) class
.
Figure 3 The pharmacological study of the alkaloids in Gelsemium proved that the alkaloids of Gelsemium have analgesic, immune regulation and tumor growth inhibition effects.
Clinically, they are externally used to treat cancer pain, sciatica, smooth muscle colic and other pains.
Skin diseases such as eczema, furuncle carbuncle, psoriasis have good results
.
In addition, Gelsemium also has a certain therapeutic effect on malignant tumors such as gastric cancer and liver cancer
.
However, due to its highly toxic, and the therapeutic dose is similar to the toxic dose, it is easy to cause poisoning during clinical application, and may even lead to death of the patient
.
In order to avoid its toxic and side effects, the current medicinal use only focuses on external therapies such as pounding or grinding and conditioning, which severely restricts its clinical application
.
The pharmacological effects of Gelsemium include: anti-tumor, analgesia, anti-anxiety, immune regulation, and promotion of hematopoiesis
.
Figure 4 The inhibitory effect of some Gelsemium alkaloids on tumor cells.
Gelsemium is used in traditional Chinese medicine for rheumatic arthralgia and neuralgia
.
In recent years, it has also been used externally to treat various pains such as cancer pain, smooth muscle colic, and diseases such as tumors and psoriasis
.
Pharmacological studies have proved that Gelsemium alkaloids have biological activities such as analgesia, anti-anxiety, immune regulation, and inhibition of tumor growth
.
However, because Gelsemium is highly toxic, its clinical application is restricted; after Gelsemium is poisoned, neostigmine, atropine and animal blood (sheep, goose, chicken, etc.
) can be used for treatment, etc.
; current Gelsemium alkaloids are anti-tumor The effect is mainly detected at the cellular level.
Therefore, the effectiveness and mechanism of its anti-tumor effect in vivo need to be further studied
.
Although there is no such poisonous plant as love flower in the real world, there is a similar plant (dactylanthus). .
The alkaloids of Dactylaceae can cause human body poisoning through transdermal absorption and blood pathways.
The poisoning method and symptoms are quite similar to the poisoning symptoms of the "love flower" in the novel "The Legend of Condor Heroes"
.
The grass is real, and the Gelsemium alkaloids contained in it have the activity of cholinesterase inhibitors, and can produce M-like effects at toxic doses, which are manifested in the inhibition of the respiratory center and the vasomotor center
.
In the novel, the poison of "love flower" on Yang Guo's body is resolved by the heartbreaker.
In reality, if the poison is poisoned by taking the nectarine flower (love flower), can the poison be used to fight the poison and use the heartbreaker to detoxify it? The inhibitory effect of the vagus nerve center caused by Gelsemium alkaloid poisoning can be countered by atropine (alkaloid contained in the love flower), which indicates that the "love flower" and the "broken bowel grass" do exist in each other
.
Symptoms such as tachycardia caused by alkaloid poisoning in the love flower can be resisted by the alkaloids contained in the grass.
It has the miraculous effect of fighting poison with poison, but it is quite difficult to grasp the medicinal dosage
.
In the novel, the protagonist Yang Guo judges whether he needs to continue taking it according to his own feelings (by missing the heroine to feel whether he has symptoms of angina)
.
The Legend of Condor Heroes was created by Mr.
Jin Yong in 1959.
At this stage, there are not enough scientific reports to confirm the drug interaction between Dactylaceae and Guillotine.
Mr.
Jin Yong’s mastery of the details in the novel is amazing
.
Columnist: Xingxinghu medicinal chemistry background, has been engaged in target research, patent analysis and breakthroughs, and improved new drugs; now focuses on the molecular design of innovative drugs; loves the pharmaceutical industry, and is willing to learn from each other, make progress, and witness innovative drugs The best times
.
References: 1, Li Hao, Wang Yongqing, etc.
; Analysis of the role of love flowers and heart-broken herbs in Jin Yong's martial arts novels; Asia-Pacific traditional medicine Asia.
Pacific Traditional Medicine; DOI.
10.
11954/ytctyy.
201605022
.
2.
Chen Chaojie, He Jiali, etc.
; Literature analysis of 1034 cases of Gelsemium poisoning; Journal of Wuzhou University, June 2020, Volume 30, Issue 3
.
3.
Sun Mingxue, Xu Qingqiang, Xiao Kai, etc.
; Research progress in the pharmacology and toxicological mechanism of Gelsemium; The Journal of Toxicology, Volume 34, Issue 4, August 2020
.
4.
Jing Jianan, Lu Shaowa, etc.
; Research progress on the chemical constituents, pharmacological effects and clinical application of Dactylaceae; Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs Volume 47, Issue 19, October 2016
.
5.
Shen Baning, Wang Wenzhong, etc.
; Textual Research on the Materia Medica of Gelsemium; Chinese Journal of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy, Volume 28, Issue 10, May 2019
.
