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    Home > Active Ingredient News > Immunology News > Immunity: control the brakes of the immune system to treat cancer and autoimmune diseases

    Immunity: control the brakes of the immune system to treat cancer and autoimmune diseases

    • Last Update: 2020-02-11
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    February 11, 2020 / BIOON / -- immunologists of Saint Judas children's research hospital found the key biological switch to control regulatory T-cells (specialized leukocytes that control the immune system) The relevant results were recently published in the Journal of immunology "Understanding the mechanisms that regulate T cells offers a range of options for drug development," said Dr Hongbo Chi, co-author of the Department of immunology at the University of Saint Jude "By increasing or inhibiting this activity at the right time, you can develop ways to treat cancer or autoimmune diseases "Image source: in their study, immunology tracked the molecular mechanism that controls a biological switch that activates regulatory T cells called mTORC1 Until then, its mechanism has been a mystery Their study showed that two major regulators of mTORC1 are enzymes called rag and rheb When scientists found that rats lacking rag or rheb had a fatal autoimmune disease, they found the enzyme's key role in activating protective regulatory T cells In autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, regulatory T cells are essential to prevent the immune system from attacking its own tissues The discovery of the mechanism of action of rag and rheb is important because drugs that activate these enzymes may prove useful in the treatment of autoimmune diseases These drugs will enhance the function of regulatory T cells as immune safety brakes This finding may also affect the effectiveness of enhanced immunotherapy for cancer In this treatment, the patient's own immune system is activated to target the tumor An important obstacle of this therapy is the immunosuppressive activity of regulatory T cells Drugs that inhibit rag or rheb can help cancer immunotherapy by inhibiting regulatory T cells The researchers found that amino acids play an important role in activating mTORC1 in regulatory T cells, which is mediated by rag and rheb Amino acids are part of the protein, which means that the "nutritional perception" of the immune system, such as the food a person eats, can affect that person's immune response - not only to cancer, but also to organ transplants and infections Reference: Hao Shi et al, amino acids license kinse mTORC1 activity and Treg cell function via small G proteins rag and rheb, immunity (2019) Doi: 10.1016/j.immunity.2019.10.001
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