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Cytokines increase the production of "beige fat" to burn more cellular energy
.
A new study published in " PLOS Biology " by Zhonghan Yang of Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou and his colleagues showed that immune signals promote the production of energy-burning "beige fat"
.
This discovery may lead to new ways to reduce obesity and treat metabolic disorders
The beige color of beige fat comes from its high concentration of mitochondria, which is the power of cells
.
Mitochondria use oxygen to burn high-energy molecules such as fat and sugar to release energy
Babies are born with "brown fat", a similar tissue that is concentrated in the shoulder area to help them keep warm, but brown fat will gradually disappear with age
.
The beige fat, which is more widely distributed, can be produced in response to cold and neuronal or hormone stimulation throughout life
Recent work, including the work of the authors of this new study, reveals that cytokines-immune system signaling molecules-play a role in regulating taupe fat
.
To further explore this regulation, the authors manipulated the levels of the cytokine interleukin-25 and showed that the increase in cytokines can mimic the effect of cold and stimulate hormone receptors to increase the production of gray-brown fat in mice
Finally, the authors pointed out that the administration of IL-25 to mice that eat high-fat food can prevent them from becoming obese and improve their ability to maintain the insulin response, which is impaired in chronic obesity
.
"Our results show that interleukin-25 plays a key role in the production of beige fat," Yang said, "and pointed out that increasing interleukin-25 signaling is a potential treatment for obesity
.
"
"IL-25–induced shifts in macrophage polarization promote development of beige fat and improve metabolic homeostasis in mice" by Lingyi Li, Lei Ma, Zewei Zhao, Shiya Luo, Baoyong Gong, Jin Li, Juan Feng, Hui Zhang, Weiwei Qi, Ti Zhou, Xia Yang, Guoquan Gao and Zhonghan Yang, 5 August 2021, PLOS Biology .
DOI: 10.
1371/journal.
