Immune response between tumor innewborn antigen vaccine and T cells in GBM

Derin BKeskin of Oncologyat the DanaCancer Institute in Boston, USA, conducted phase I/Ib studies on the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) for the vaccination of newborn antigens in tumors, and the results were published in the January 2019 issue of nature- From the articleRef:Keskin DB,et al.
Nature.2019 Jan;565 (7738):234-239doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0792-9Epub 2018 Dec 19tumor-ingenatoric antigen (neoantigen) is a mutation derived from tumor-specific coding proteins that are not affected by central tolerance and produce a strong immune response and act as a true antigen to promote tumor rejectionTumor-inpatient antigen vaccination has been tested in patients with high-risk melanomaDerin B Keskin of Oncology Science at the Dana Faber Cancer Institute in Boston, USA, conducted phase I/Ib studies on the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) for the vaccination of newborn antigens to tumors, and the results were published in the January 2019 issue of Nature the number of mutations in glioblastoma is usually small, and the tumor's microenvironment is less immune to the tumor The study's tumor-insemigen antigen individualized vaccination targets were: newly diagnosed patients with MGMT non-methylated glioblastoma with surgical recision and traditional radiation therapy The tumor samples removed were analyzed with the corresponding normal cells to identify the tumor resusorantigen Vaccines are made during the patient's surgical recovery and radiation therapy After radiation therapy, vaccination is carried out with an initial immunization-strengthening programme study included a total of 10 patients, 2 cases due to inoperable antigen epitope or disease progression, and finally into the group 8 cases The median time from surgery to first immunization was 19.9 weeks Eight patients received five planned initial immunizations, and only 3 completed enhanced immunity 2 patients were not treated with dexamethasone during the initial immune phase All patients eventually died as a result of progression of the disease, with no progression and median total survival of 7.6 months and 16.8 months, respectively (Figure 1) Figure 1 a Identify the mutated glioblastoma sample and matching normal cells; b.8 patient vaccination schedule; blue box indicates the dose and time used by dexamethasone, and gray slug indicates remedial treatment as the disease progresses found that in patients who did not use dexamethasone, multi-functional tumor-ingenatoric antigen-specific CD4-plus and CD8-T cells, which played an important role in memory immunity, were found to be large-scale immersion in tumor cells It can be seen that tumor-ingenated antigen-specific T cells produced in peripheral circulation can be migrated to glioblastoma At the same time, the tumor-ingenated antigen-targeted vaccine has the effect of changing the immune microenvironment of glioblastoma the study suggests that the tumor-ingenated antigen vaccine can be used as a treatment for GBM with a small mutation load and a weak immune environment A small number of T-cells at the time of diagnosis only increased in patients who developed tumor-ingenated antigen-specific system immunity In addition, consistent with clinical observations, patients whose repobiotic antigen vaccination was able to cause systemic immunity were limited to patients who did not receive dexamethasone, and even if patients treated with glioblastoma and melanoma treated with symeson had poorer prognosis, it might be related to insufficient initial and memory CD4 plus or CD8-T cells Patients receiving new tumor antigen immunotherapy are able to produce a systemic immune response, but eventually die as a result of disease progression;