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How should I use metronidazole? Many people use it wrong!

 Last Update: 2023-01-05
 Source: Internet
 Author: User

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Metronidazole is a nitroimidazole antibiotic activated by the reduction of its nitro group by susceptible organisms, and is suitable for the treatment and prevention of infection by susceptible anaerobic bacteria and protozoal pathogens such as Trichomonas vaginalis and amoeba protozoa, and is widely
used in clinical treatment.
Metronidazole has been found to be carcinogenic to rats and mice and should be avoided for long-term and unjustified use[1].

What are the specific effects and contraindications of metronidazole? Let's take a look at it with the small medicine below~

Reasonable grasp of indications
1) Anaerobic infection;
2) Trichomoniasis: female (trichomonas vaginitis, urinary tract trichomoniasis, etc.
) and male genitourinary trichomoniasis
.
treatment of asymptomatic sexual partners;
3) bacterial vaginosis;
4) Amebiasis: treatment of all forms of amebiasis, including intestinal and parenteral amebiasis (such as amoebic liver abscess, pleural amebiasis, etc.
), as well as asymptomatic amebiasis;
5) Oral infections;
6) Protozoa and other infections;
7) Rosacea: for the local treatment
of inflammatory papules, impetigo, rosacea erythema.

What are the adverse reactions?
1) Very common (≥10%): a) gastrointestinal:
nausea (10%-12%); b) genitourinary system: vaginitis (15%); c) Nervous system: headache (18%)
.

2) Common (1%-10%): a) Dermatology:
genital itching (5%); b) Gastrointestinal: abdominal pain (4%), diarrhea (4%), dry mouth (2%); c) Genitourinary system: dysmenorrhea (3%), urinary tract infection (2%), abnormal urine (3%); d) Infection: bacterial infection (7%), candidiasis (3%); e) nervous system: dizziness (4%), metallic smell (9%); f) Respiratory system: flu-like symptoms (6%), pharyngitis (3%), rhinitis (4%), sinusitis (3%), upper respiratory tract infections （4%）
。
3) Occasional, rare (<1%)</b20>: a) cardiovascular:
ECG QT interval prolongation; b) Nervous system: encephalopathy
.

3 cases are disabled ^[2-8].

History of drug allergy: metronidazole
is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to metronidazole or other nitroimidazole derivatives.
Metronidazole is contraindicated in the first trimester of pregnancy in patients with trichomoniasis;
Recent disulfiram: patients who abstain from alcohol with disulfiram experience a psychiatric reaction
to oral metronidazole.
Metronidazole is contraindicated in patients taking disulfiram within the past two weeks;
Alcohol consumption within three days: Oral metronidazole produces disulfiram-like reactions with alcohol, including abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, headache, and flushing
.
During metronidazole treatment and for at least three days after treatment, stop drinking alcohol or use drugs containing propylene glycol
.

More popular drugs in Corey, where to learn?

What is the dosage of metronidazole?

When should I stop taking the drug?

What medication should be explained?

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References:

[1] LiverTox:Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury[Internet].
Bethesda(MD):National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012–.
Metronidazole.
2020 Feb 20.
PMID:31643921.

[2] Product Information:FLAGYL-metronidazole tablet,film coated,Pfizer Laboratories Div Pfizer Inc,August 24,2021.

[3] Product Information:FLAGYL-metronidazole capsule,Pfizer Laboratories Div Pfizer Inc,June 23,2021.

[4] Product Information:Flagyl Injection-metronidazole injection,G.
D.
Searle(per FDA),2013.
（Rxlis）.

[5] Product Information:METRONIDAZOLE-metronidazole injection,solution,Baxter Healthcare Corporation,April 28,2020.

[6] Product Information:VANDAZOLE-metronidazole gel,Upsher-Smith Laboratories,LLC,February 1,2021.

[7] Product Information:NUVESSA-metronidazole gel,Exeltis USA,Inc.
April 8,2021.

[8] Product Information:NORITATE-metronidazole cream,Baus ch Health US,LLC,June 1,2020.

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