How scientists have succeeded in mapping what promises to improve the study of many human diseases!

This article has compiled several important research results to explain how scientists have succeeded in mapping studies that promise to improve the study of many human diseases! Share it with everyone! Photo credit: Eviatar Yemini 1 Cell: Heavy! Scientists have developed a new coloring technique to successfully map the brain! doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.12.012 The human brain contains about 86 billion neuron cells, woven together by about 100 trillion synhapal connections;
, given the large number of neurons and their connections, researchers don't yet know how neurons work together to produce brain thoughts or behaviors.
, in a study published in the international journal Cell, scientists from Columbia University and others developed a coloring technique called NeuroPAL to identify every neuron in a nematode's brain; NeuroPAL, or neuronal polychromatic marker map, could help researchers conduct research in the beautiful recessive rod nematodes.
the coloring technique could use a genetic method to color neuron cells, helping scientists identify each neuron in an animal's nervous system and recording the entire active nervous system.
: Nature: Heavy! Scientists have successfully mapped the metastasis of human cancer cell lines! Doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2969-2 Recently, in a study published in the international journal Nature entitled "A metastasis map of human cancer cell lines", scientists from the Broad Institute and other institutions in the United States have successfully mapped the metastasis of human cancer cell lines, the results of which may help clarify the metastasis of cancer and the development of new therapies to prevent cancer metastasis and cancer treatment.
of cancer-related deaths can be explained by cancer metastasis, but large-scale cancer metastasis studies have been impractical due to the complex nature of in vivo models. In the
study, researchers introduced an in vivo bar code strategy that can determine the metastasis potential of human cancer cell lines in mouse foreign transplants on a large scale, confirming the stability, scalability and repeatability of the new method and applying it to 500 cell lines from 21 different types of solid tumors.
cell paper is detailed! The first kinase map lays the groundwork for the development of a biodegrader targeting cancer-related kinases doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.038 A choice can be a little difficult for scientists who want to use a powerful new technique to degrade a cytoenzyme called kinase.
about 514 different protein kinases work in human cells, accounting for 2.5 percent of the entire human genome.
need to know which protein kinases can be degraded and which drug molecules can best perform this degradation, which may speed up the development of treatments that target kinases that attack cancer and other diseases.
in a new study, researchers from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in the United States provided guidance on about 200 such kinases: They provided scientists working in the field with the first comprehensive kinome map, which is expected to have a significant impact on cancer treatment.
the map will help people design molecules that target specific kinases so that they can subsequently be damaged.
can be used as a template for developing drugs that are more effective than many cancer-targeted therapies today.
study was published in the Cell journal.
4 Nature Sub-Journal: Hechuan Team's New Results! Successful mapping of key 5hmC biomarkers promises to improve the diagnosis of human cancer doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20001-w In a recent study published in the international journal Nature Communications, Scientists from the University of Chicago and others have developed a genome-wide 5-hydroxymethyl cytosine (5hmC) map covering multiple types of human tissue, revealing the powerful properties of 5hmC as a universal biomarker that can detect a variety of serious human diseases, such as cancer and multiple chronic diseases.
Unlike gene suppression marker 5mC, 5hmC is a special gene activation marker that represents one of the most popular ways to participate in embryonic regulation, neural processes, and carcinogenic processes, and this new mapping may help scientists understand the multiple biological drivers that induce multiple diseases, which is important for the development of a new generation of diagnostic test reagents.
researcher Professor Chuan He said previous studies had shown that 5hmC could be used as an excellent biomarker for diagnosis and prognostic assessment of a variety of human diseases, including cancer, but the lack of a map of whole-body tissue could limit our overall understanding of the marker and its potential tissue specificity.
Through a joint study, this study expands our understanding of global biomarkers, and it is also the most extensive map of human tissue modified by 5hmC, which confirms that 5hmC may be a universal genetic activation marker for gene bodies and enhancer, with very good tissue and cell type specificity, and may be critical to improving early diagnosis of cancer in humans and monitoring of chronic diseases in humans in the future.
: Scientists have successfully mapped the spatial complexity of the gut microbiome, which could help improve human health research doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2983-4 What are the microbes in the human gut? Where exactly are these microbes? In a recent study published in the international journal Nature, scientists from Cornell University and others developed an imaging tool to map the location and identity of hundreds of different microbiomes, such as those that make up the gut microbiome, which could in the future help scientists understand the interactions between complex microbiomes and their environment.
Researcher Iwijn De Vlaminck says that we live in a diverse microbiome that plays a critical role in the health and biological characteristics of the body. Rich diversity, we can also learn this through techniques such as DNA sequencing, which can help create a list of the many bacterial species that exist in a microbiome, but researchers currently have only limited tools to understand spatial interactions between different microorganisms, and powerful tools may be important for understanding the metabolic properties of microbial microbiomes and their interactions with hosts.
Photo Source: CC0 Public Domain(6) Nature: Building a cell map of the human lungs that lays the foundation for understanding and curing lung disease Doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2922-4 In a new study, researchers from Stanford University in the United States built a cell map of the human lungs that highlights dozens of cell types that make up different parts of the lungs.
results were published online November 18, 2020 in the journal Nature under the title "A molecular cell atlas of the human lung from single-cell RNA squencing".
paper, they describe their work, which focuses on single-cell RNA sequencing, and some of the things they learned about the lungs.
to build a map of lung cells, the researchers collected tissue samples from fine bronchillas, bronchillas and albathic areas of the lungs, as well as related blood samples.
each sample is broken down into its cellular components and then classified by type: immune cells, endosthyl cells, endoskin cells, or substring cells.
the researchers produced transcription groups for about 75,000 cells.
by using markers, they then clustered the cells, revealing 58 different cell populations.
in doing so, they were able to produce 91 percent of the expression spectrum of lung cell types, and found 14 previously unknown lung cell types.
also found about 200 markers that could be used to identify unknown lung cell types they found.
( 7) Nat Immunol: Scientists have mapped the activity of thousands of genes in the body's immune cells throughout the infection by scientists who have created the first complete map that reveals immune cell resistance and "remembers" the body's infection: 10.1038/s41590-020-0800-8 In a recent study published in the international journal Nature Immunology, scientists from the University of Melbourne and others have for the first time created a complete dynamic map of immune cells learning to fight microbial infections and then preserving memory for future infections, and the results are expected to help scientists delve deeper into specific types of immune cells to develop new vaccines and therapies for a range of diseases, such as CD4-T cells, which are essential for the body's immunity. In the
article, the researchers studied CD4 plus T cells in mice infected with malaria-inducing parasites that invade and multiply in red blood cells, and with the help of machine learning techniques, combined and analyzed genetic activity data around mouse infection to produce a comprehensive map of cd4 plus T cell development. 'By tracking thousands of genes, we have created a variety of immune roles, from the initial stage of infection to cell decision to fight infection, to a complete map that preserves the memory of previously encountered pathogens, which reveals some very active new genes in T-filter-assisted cells, a type of CD4-T cell), that are essential for producing antibodies that protect the body against malaria but have not yet been fully studied,' said
researcher Ashraful Haque.
(8) Cell: To create a comprehensive map of RGS protein-regulated G-protein signals, it helps explain why people react differently to the same drug doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.052 In a new study, researchers from the Scripps Institute in the United States have comprehensively mapped how a class of key proteins in cells regulates the signals transmitted from cell surfaces.
In addition, they revealed that mutations that are commonly found in these proteins cause their cells to react differently when the same cellular subject is stimulated, providing a reasonable explanation for why different people react so differently to the same drug.
findings were published online October 1, 2020 in the journal Cell.
these findings provide the basis for a better understanding of the complex role of these proteins, called G protein signaling proteins, in health and disease.
this, in turn, could lead people to develop new ways to treat a range of diseases.
researcher Professor Kirill Martemyanov said: "Before you fix them, you need to know how they are damaged and how they work properly, and in this study, that's what we did for these important regulatory proteins.
"9" Nature paper in-depth interpretation! The most detailed cell and molecular map ever built of the human heart could help develop personalized heart disease treatments doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2797-4 In a new study, Harvard Medical School in the United States, Researchers at the Bregan Women's Hospital, the Welkham Foundation Sanger Institute in the UK, Imperial College London and the Max del Bruck Centre for Molecular Medicine in Germany have built detailed cell and molecular maps of healthy human hearts to understand how this important organ functions and shed light on cardiovascular disease.
study was published online online in the journal Nature.
The authors analyzed nearly half a million cells to create the most comprehensive map of human heart cells to date.
map shows the huge diversity of cells and reveals myocardial cell types, heart-protective immune cells, and complex vascular networks.
also predicts how these cells communicate to keep the heart working properly.
study is part of the Human Cell Atlas program, which aims to map every cell type in the body.
new molecular and cellular knowledge of the heart promises to give people a better understanding of heart disease and to guide the development of highly personalized treatments.
the study also laid the groundwork for future development of treatments based on regenerative medicine, the authors said.
: Cell: Heavy! Chinese scientists have successfully mapped a comprehensive protein map of human lung adenocarcinoma! doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.043 recently