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Image credit: Unsplash
"Superold Elders" brain autopsy results showed that neurons in their memory areas were much larger than ordinary people
.
Article source | TRANSLATED | BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BY XIONG YIN | ERQI IS IN THE HUMAN BRAIN, AND THE ENTORHINAL CORTEX IS IN CHARGE OF THE BRAIN'S MEMORY
。 Recently, a new study from Northwestern University School of Medicine showed that those "SuperAgers" over the age of 80 had much
larger neurons in the entorhinal cortex, both compared to their peers with average cognitive levels and those with early-stage Alzheimer's disease.
Even compared with those middle-aged and elderly people in their fifties and sixties, the neurons of the "super old" are outstanding in morphology and size
.
What's more, in these neurons of the "super old", no marker of Alzheimer's disease, tau tangles,
was found.
Tamar Gefen, assistant professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine and lead author of the paper, said: "The observations show that the neurons of the 'super old' grow larger
than the average young man.
This result is remarkable, because it means that neurons are born in size, and this cell structure stays with people for a lifetime
.
From this, we infer that morphologically larger neurons may be a biological feature
of the aging process of the 'super-old'.
Image
source: Unsplash The "super elderly" have outstanding memory: they are over 80 years old, but their memory is comparable to or even better than that of healthy middle-aged and elderly people in their fifties and sixties.
The study is the first to reveal an unusual biology for the "super-old": their endotorhinal cortex neurons are larger and healthier
.
From a pathological point of view, these neurons are less likely to form tau protein tangles
.
The paper was published Sept.
30 in The Journal of Neuroscience
.
Jeffin said: "A careful examination of the brain autopsy results of the 'super-old' is crucial, which may reveal why some groups are spared Alzheimer's disease
.
What shapes the 'super brain' of the 'super old man'? How can we use their biology to help other older people escape Alzheimer's disease? ” Scientists have studied the brain's entorhinal cortex, which is responsible for memory, and it is also the first site
of Alzheimer's disease.
The entorhinal cortex is made up of six layers of neurons, the second of which is responsible for receiving information from other memory centers and is a key hub
in the brain's memory circuitry.
In this study, Jeffen et al.
found that the second layer of neurons in the inner torhinal cortex of the "super old" was larger and healthier
than healthy peers, early Alzheimer's patients, and younger individuals in their fifties and sixties.
In addition, studies have shown that these larger second layer neurons also do not have tau protein tangles
.
Taken together, the study found that neurons that did not form tangles maintained their structural integrity, and that they were larger and healthier
.
Conversely, tau protein tangles can lead to atrophy
of neurons.
Image credit: Unsplash's research project is called "Super-Old," and the "Super-Old" donated their brains
.
In this study, the scientists examined the brains of six "super-old," seven older adults with average cognitive ability, six young adults, and five patients with early-stage Alzheimer's disease, and measured the size of the second layer of neurons using the third and fifth layers of neurons in the
entorhinal cortex as references.
In addition, the researchers evaluated the tau
protein tangles in these cases.
For some unknown reason, whether undergoing natural aging or in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease, cell populations in the entorhinal cortex are particularly prone to tau protein tangles
.
Jeffin said: "In this study, we showed that the atrophy of neurons in the entorhinal cortex is a characteristic hallmark
of Alzheimer's disease.
” "We speculate," Jeffin went on to add, "that the formation of tau protein tangles induces neuronal atrophy and further leads to memory loss
in older age groups.
" Identifying the causes of these various diseases is critical to early diagnosis, monitoring of disease progression and guidance for clinical treatment.
"
Why can the "super old man" maintain the youthful vitality of neurons forever? In future research, this problem needs to be solved
urgently.
In this regard, Jeffen hopes to use the environment of the cell cycle as a foothold to explore this problem
.
Jeffen wanted to focus on the question: "What are the chemical, metabolic, or genetic traits in these cells that make them 'youthful'?" In addition, to better understand the progression of Alzheimer's disease and the means of intervention, she plans to explore other hubs
in the brain's memory circuitry.
Emily Rogalski, associate director of the Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, said: " The Superold has received another $20 million in funding, and we hope to use this as an opportunity to make this research bigger and stronger
.
" For now, the program has set up five sites
in the U.
S.
and Canada.
”
"Superold Elders" brain autopsy results showed that neurons in their memory areas were much larger than ordinary people
.
Article source | TRANSLATED | BY NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY BY XIONG YIN | ERQI IS IN THE HUMAN BRAIN, AND THE ENTORHINAL CORTEX IS IN CHARGE OF THE BRAIN'S MEMORY
。 Recently, a new study from Northwestern University School of Medicine showed that those "SuperAgers" over the age of 80 had much
larger neurons in the entorhinal cortex, both compared to their peers with average cognitive levels and those with early-stage Alzheimer's disease.
Even compared with those middle-aged and elderly people in their fifties and sixties, the neurons of the "super old" are outstanding in morphology and size
.
What's more, in these neurons of the "super old", no marker of Alzheimer's disease, tau tangles,
was found.
Tamar Gefen, assistant professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine and lead author of the paper, said: "The observations show that the neurons of the 'super old' grow larger
than the average young man.
This result is remarkable, because it means that neurons are born in size, and this cell structure stays with people for a lifetime
.
From this, we infer that morphologically larger neurons may be a biological feature
of the aging process of the 'super-old'.
Image
source: Unsplash The "super elderly" have outstanding memory: they are over 80 years old, but their memory is comparable to or even better than that of healthy middle-aged and elderly people in their fifties and sixties.
The study is the first to reveal an unusual biology for the "super-old": their endotorhinal cortex neurons are larger and healthier
.
From a pathological point of view, these neurons are less likely to form tau protein tangles
.
The paper was published Sept.
30 in The Journal of Neuroscience
.
Jeffin said: "A careful examination of the brain autopsy results of the 'super-old' is crucial, which may reveal why some groups are spared Alzheimer's disease
.
What shapes the 'super brain' of the 'super old man'? How can we use their biology to help other older people escape Alzheimer's disease? ” Scientists have studied the brain's entorhinal cortex, which is responsible for memory, and it is also the first site
of Alzheimer's disease.
The entorhinal cortex is made up of six layers of neurons, the second of which is responsible for receiving information from other memory centers and is a key hub
in the brain's memory circuitry.
In this study, Jeffen et al.
found that the second layer of neurons in the inner torhinal cortex of the "super old" was larger and healthier
than healthy peers, early Alzheimer's patients, and younger individuals in their fifties and sixties.
In addition, studies have shown that these larger second layer neurons also do not have tau protein tangles
.
Taken together, the study found that neurons that did not form tangles maintained their structural integrity, and that they were larger and healthier
.
Conversely, tau protein tangles can lead to atrophy
of neurons.
Image credit: Unsplash's research project is called "Super-Old," and the "Super-Old" donated their brains
.
In this study, the scientists examined the brains of six "super-old," seven older adults with average cognitive ability, six young adults, and five patients with early-stage Alzheimer's disease, and measured the size of the second layer of neurons using the third and fifth layers of neurons in the
entorhinal cortex as references.
In addition, the researchers evaluated the tau
protein tangles in these cases.
For some unknown reason, whether undergoing natural aging or in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease, cell populations in the entorhinal cortex are particularly prone to tau protein tangles
.
Jeffin said: "In this study, we showed that the atrophy of neurons in the entorhinal cortex is a characteristic hallmark
of Alzheimer's disease.
” "We speculate," Jeffin went on to add, "that the formation of tau protein tangles induces neuronal atrophy and further leads to memory loss
in older age groups.
" Identifying the causes of these various diseases is critical to early diagnosis, monitoring of disease progression and guidance for clinical treatment.
"
Why can the "super old man" maintain the youthful vitality of neurons forever? In future research, this problem needs to be solved
urgently.
In this regard, Jeffen hopes to use the environment of the cell cycle as a foothold to explore this problem
.
Jeffen wanted to focus on the question: "What are the chemical, metabolic, or genetic traits in these cells that make them 'youthful'?" In addition, to better understand the progression of Alzheimer's disease and the means of intervention, she plans to explore other hubs
in the brain's memory circuitry.
Emily Rogalski, associate director of the Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, said: " The Superold has received another $20 million in funding, and we hope to use this as an opportunity to make this research bigger and stronger
.
" For now, the program has set up five sites
in the U.
S.
and Canada.
”
Cover source: Unsplash
Original link:
style="margin-left: 5px;margin-right: 5px;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.
5em;">Links to papers:
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544px;visibility: visible;line-height: 1.
5em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">
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