How far is China from the innovative country?

Introduction: for a pair of Nike shoes produced in China, we only earn more than one dollar However, once sold by Nike, which owns the brand, it is worth hundreds of dollars Using our cheap labor force, using our resources, polluting our air and water, but making foreign entrepreneurs earn a lot of money Don't we know how important independent innovation is? 20 years of Sino foreign joint venture in the automobile industry: fantasy has broken the Sino foreign joint venture in the automobile industry for 20 years, 90% of the car market has been ceded to the foreign side, while most of the joint ventures have not developed decent new models, new engines, and failed to produce a brand with independent intellectual property rights Ma Junru, former director of the State Administration of foreign experts, pointed out that in the past 20 years, the automobile manufacturing industry has spent a lot of money to introduce, instead of exchanging core technologies with international market competitiveness, it has formed a passive situation of relying on the introduction In exchange for advanced technology, it is a technology that has entered a mature period, a declining period, or even is about to be eliminated Jin Luzhong, a researcher at the research center of the Ministry of science and technology, said He pointed out that in 1985, the Sino German joint venture Shanghai Volkswagen began to produce Santana cars, and the foreign parent company Volkswagen immediately eliminated such models He also believes that cars built according to the standards of developed countries are seriously divorced from China's national conditions This year, Premier Wen Jiabao criticized the phenomenon that automobile consumption pursues luxury and large displacement Can the automobile industry become a pillar industry in China through joint venture? The automobile industry is called the locomotive of industry because it can promote the development of equipment manufacturing, steel, non-ferrous, electronic and other related industries In Shanghai Volkswagen, even the cleaning machines for shelves and sweeping floors are imported from Germany, and the import of other equipment is self-evident After the joint venture of Beijing and Hyundai of South Korea to produce Sonata, all our original equipment was discarded, all the basic equipment needed was imported from South Korea, only four tires and one battery were made in China However, the imported equipment of our joint venture is duty-free, so the joint venture automobile industry has no leading role in the domestic equipment manufacturing industry As for the joint venture to improve the localization rate of auto parts, Jin said not to expect too much: first, the process is long; second, it is difficult to form scale economy Without intellectual property rights, China has no chance of high profits In 2003, Volkswagen's joint production in China accounted for only 14% of the world's production, but 80% of its profits came from China Many of VW's parts have been sold to Chinese joint ventures for a long time on the basis of European prices, with a 30% mark up being a common occurrence GM makes $145 per car in the U.S and $2400 in China Honda's accord sedan made in Guangzhou costs about 60% more than Japan's domestic price It is precisely because intellectual property rights can bring high profits to the foreign side, so in the joint venture automobile factory, not only the Chinese side, but also the whole joint venture factory has no right of development and design The approval of the foreign parent company must be obtained to change a screw, and the joint venture automobile factory cannot even transform a part Some people compare China's joint-venture factories to the hands and feet of multinational companies Without intellectual property rights, China is very much like a servant girl who is in charge of the key and does not take charge of the business Under the situation that multinational companies make fun of Chinese people, the technological innovation activities of Chinese local enterprises are generally controlled and suppressed Introduction, backwardness, re introduction and re backwardness: over the past 20 years, China's economic development has been carried out in three stages: introduction of foreign technology, digestion and absorption, and independent development According to Lu Feng, a professor at the school of government management of Peking University, we are always doing the first paragraph, introducing it again and again, while the third paragraph is always far away Mei Yonghong, deputy director of the general office of the Ministry of science and technology, also pointed out with heartache that China has not achieved satisfactory results on the core issue of innovation in its opening up to the outside world for more than 20 years In automobile and other key industries, we have almost achieved the greatest degree of openness in the world, but even the existing innovation capacity has been lost China has fallen into the mire of introduction, backwardness, reintroduction and backwardness We can see the clue from the chip production In the 1950s, when China developed its first large-scale electronic computer, it was only ten years behind the United States However, after the reform and opening up, China did not pay attention to the independent development of chips, but kept buying production lines, which lagged behind, bought new ones, and then lagged behind Although the production lines of 3-inch, 6-inch, 8-inch and 12 inch silicon single crystal have been introduced successively, there are some gaps that cannot be filled in the short term in several key links of R & D and production Today, compared with the international advanced level in computing technology, the gap between China and the world is even larger than it was more than 50 years ago, and this gap continues to increase, resulting in potential strategic risks Chinese enterprises ignore R & D Chen Zhili pointed out at the China independent innovation · brand high level forum that: only about 25% of large and medium-sized enterprises in China have R & D institutions, only 30% of enterprises have R & D activities, and the R & D funds of high-tech are less than 1 / 10 of those in developed countries Many Chinese enterprises are weak in absorbing and re innovating, and the cost of absorbing and digesting is less than 7% of the cost of imported projects on average However, South Korea, Japan and other countries have to spend 3-10 times more than the cost of imported projects to digest and absorb, forming a virtuous cycle of introduction absorption trial production independent innovation.