How can high-volume technology improve human health and aid scientific research?

!-- webeditor:page title" -- In this article, a number of research results have been compiled to explain how scientists can use high-volume technology to improve human health, aid scientific research, and learn with you! Photo Credit: Wikimedia 1 Human Gene Therapy: How did high-volume technology reveal how AAV shell proteins evolved? In a recent study, doi:10.1089/hum.2019.339, researchers used high-flung screening of adeno-related virus (AAV) vector hangers to maximize the likelihood of AAV variants with the desired characteristics.
the results of these experiments, which were published in the journal Human Gene Therapy, give them some unexpected knowledge.
study, researchers used high-volume screening of barcoded AAV shell libraries to track the evolution of targeted AAV shells.
goal is to be able to identify improved recombined AAV vectors more quickly for use in clinical gene therapy trials.
researchers found that, first of all, the use of multiple rounds of selection is not necessary and may actually be counterproductive.
only one round of selection to get a functional AAV variant.
addition, infected particles with high MOI are more effective than infected particles with low MOI, as the use of low MOI results in greater differences between screenings, which are not ideal.
addition, there is competition between different shell proteins in cells that have been infected with different AAVs.
: Nat Commun: High-volume diagnostic methods can improve the efficiency of cancer diagnosis doi:10.1038/s41467-020-14381-2 Recently, In a study published in the international journal Nature Communications, researchers from Baylor Medical School, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University developed a single-shot biopsy technology for tumor diagnosis that could help develop new therapies by gaining a deeper understanding of cancer biology.
this new approach combines genomics with the advantages of proteomics: a single-shot core biopsy from a patient's tumor analyzes tumor genetic material (genomics) and deep protein and phosphorus protein characteristics (proteomics).
to test the new technology, the researchers evaluated the feasibility of protein genomic analysis 48 to 72 hours before and after chemotherapy for ErbB2.
they hope to gain insight into differences in post-treatment outcomes by evaluating the ability of ErbB2 antibodies to suppress drug targets.
: High-volume technology reveals the secret characteristics of senescies doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000599 The irreversible "permanent cell division stagnation" of senescies cells is a sign of the aging process and a variety of chronic diseases.
aging cells and the associated factors they secrete , collectively known as aging-related secretion esopeses ( SASPs ) , are thought to be the drivers of aging and a variety of age-related diseases .
a recent paper in the journal PLoS Biology, researchers looked at SASP in human cells.
they show that the core protein "label" of senescent cells is present in human blood along with other aging-related biomarkers.
based on mass spectrometrometrometrometology and a combination of bioinsynatics techniques, the authors studied the secretion protein characteristics of senescent cells.
results show that SASPs are ten times more complex than previously expected.
mice have shown that targeting the removal of senescical cells has a positive effect on heart, blood vessels, metabolism, nerves, kidneys, lungs and musculoskeletal function.
therefore, selective elimination of senescing cells or inhibiting their SASP secretion is a promising treatment for age-related diseases in humans.
: Cell Chem Biol: New high-volume screening platform may help find more cancer immunotherapy new drug doi:10.1016/j.chembiol.2018.11.011 Checkpoint inhibitors as a breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy treatment factors Immune cells regain their activity to kill cancer cells, and in general, these factors are antibodies that are highly specific, but do not spread easily in the body, and if scientists want to increase the ability of immune cells to kill cancer cells, they need tools, such as a vast library of traditional small molecules, to find a screening method that can screen thousands of drugs.
a recent study published in the international journal Cell Chemical Biology, scientists from Emory University School of Medicine found that a class of drugs called IAP antagonists currently used in clinical practice may promote the body's immune activity against cancer cells; The FDA has approved checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of a variety of cancers, but many patients still do not benefit from them, and finding drugs that can "release" other immune responses may improve the effectiveness of these patients, especially cancer patients who are not effectively treated by checkpoint inhibitors.
(5) Science: Japanese researchers have developed an artificial intelligence-driven ghost cell assay that can identify and sub-select cells with high-volume doi:10.1126/science.aan0096 in a new study, and Japanese researchers have developed a new cell recognition and sething system called ghost cell assay.
the system combines a new imaging technology with artificial intelligence (AI) to identify and select cells at unprecedented high-volume speeds.
hope their methods will be used to identify and select circulating cancer cells in patients' blood, accelerate drug discovery and improve the effectiveness of cell-based medical therapies, the findings report in the journal Science.
researchers say ghost cell assays will help researchers who need to classify cells in the lab and benefit clinicians who need to quickly and accurately isolate and diagnose cell samples.
!--/ewebeditor:page--!--ewebeditor:page title"--In this study, the researchers confirmed that ghost cell assays were able to select at least two different types of cells of similar size and structure, with few selection errors.
ghost cell meters are able to identify cells at a rate of more than 10,000 cells per second and classify cells at the rate of thousands of cells per second.
existing cell secing machines are unable to distinguish cell types with similar shapes.
human experts use microscopes to identify and select cells at a rate of less than 10 cells per second, sometimes with poor accuracy.
Photo Source: Frontiers: Anal Chem: Developing high-fluorescence testing methods to screen CRISPR/Cas9 inhibitor doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01155 CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology may one day treat diseases that are currently considered incurable.
the Cas9 protein, which is responsible for removing pathogenic DNA fragments, is not safe to remain in the body for long periods of time.
that's why scientists are looking for ways to shorten the amount of time the protein stays in the body after eliminating its targets.
For this purpose, in a new study, researchers from sandia National Laboratory in the United States developed the first test of the same type that can quickly and accurately screen thousands of molecules for the effective shutdown of this DNA cutting protein, the results of which were recently published in the journal Analytic Chemistry.
CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technique is based on the bacteria's immune system.
using a system commonly known as CRISPR, bacteria are able to store fragments of DNA from invasive viruses.
when the virus attacks again, the Cas9 protein is recruited by the wizard RNA (gRNA) to bind, cut, and destroy the virus's DNA.
scientists are now able to use Cas9 and gRNA, like molecular scissors, to remove mutated DNA sequences and correct genetic diseases.
this opens the door to the treatment of diseases from cancer to genetic diseases such as muscular dystrophy and cystic fibrosis to viral infections such as Ebola.
:7 Nat Biotechnol: Scientists have developed a new technique that can effectively analyze doi:10.1038/nbt.4112 human organisms with 37 trillion cells at the same time, but with one cell and another The ability to distinguish may not be as simple as we might think, but in a recent study published in the international journal Nature Biotechnology, researchers at the Oregon Health and Science University (OHSU) developed for the first time a new method that can quickly and effectively identify subtypes of cells in the body, and the relevant research may help researchers understand the mechanisms of multiple human diseases at the molecular level.
could help researchers develop precise treatments for a variety of diseases, such as cancer, disorders that destroy neurons in the brain, and diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels, the researchers said.
also provides a new way to expand previous researchers' methods of analyzing cell types by chemically labeling DNA to make effective distinctions between cells.
.8 Science: High-volume analysis of thousands of microproteins promises to revolutionize protein engineering doi:10.1126/science.aan0693The progress of DNA synthesis technology combined with improvements in the design of new proteins using computational methods to prepare for a new era of data-driven protein molecular engineering.
a new study, researchers from the University of Washington and the University of Toronto in Canada reported that a new high-volume approach made it possible to conduct the largest test of the folding stability of computational design proteins.
findings were published in the July 14, 2017 issue of the journal Science.
scientists want to build new protein molecules that cannot be found in nature and can work to stop or treat diseases, in industrial applications, in energy generation, and in environmental cleansing.
, when tested in the lab, computational design proteins often do not form the folding structures they were designed to have, the researchers said.
9 (Xinhua) -- Researchers from Adaptive Biotechnologies have demonstrated a potentially novel way to diagnose chronic viral infections in a study published in the international journal Nature Genetics, published today in the international journal Doi:10.1038/ng.3822, using high-flung immunosequencing to diagnose viral infections.
article, the researchers described how Adaptive's computational biologists used the company's immunoSEQ platform and dataset to determine the analysis of the T-cell-like genealogy through immunosequencing, which was eventually used to diagnose exposure to human cytocytovirus (CMV) infections. co-authors of the
study chose CMV for the principle verification experiment, because the disease accounts for about 30%-90% of chronic viral infections in adults, and was widely studied to build a model system for T-cell response in the public population.
using public data, Adaptive's team analyzed the full spectrum of T-cells in the core queue of 666 subjects, as well as the independent validation queue of 120 other subjects.
team developed a statistical calculation framework that classifys subjects by CMV infection status, and then high-precision identification of immunosequencing methods can be used to diagnose CMV infection status.
In addition, the team used this method to demonstrate that it also performed well in predicting the human le white blood cell antigen (HLA) allogens of the subjects, suggesting that the method could be used to identify biomarkers exposed to other pathogens and even to vaccinate them.
: Sequencing Mouse Whole Cell Map Doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.02.001/e based on high-!-- single-cell transcription group Webeditor:page --!--webeditor:page title-- In a recent study published in the international journal Cell, researchers from Zhejiang University School of Medicine made a breakthrough in single-cell histology techniques and mammalian whole-cell expression genealogy analysis.
, life science research has focused on the processing, analysis and statistics of group cell samples to obtain the experimental results of the average level.
It wasn't until recent years that the adient of single-celled histology allowed us to more precisely parse from the level of single cells which genes each cell was expressing, what changes in the expression of those genes during the process of differentiation, regeneration, aging, and lesions, and how much.
Therefore, single-cell histology analysis technology is not only a breakthrough in methodology following the traditional cell detection, classification and identification technology, but also the results will bring new understanding and understanding to the molecular cell mechanism of classical cell occurrence, tissue differentiation, organ development and functional steady state maintenance.
in this work, the researchers independently developed a high-precision, low-cost, localized Microwell-seq high-volume single-cell analysis platform for more than 400,000 organ tissues from nearly 50 species in mice.