How can emerging industries start perfectly?

Focus on the pharmaceutical industry emission reduction series reports China Environment News reporter Bu Xuelin Liu Xiufeng Compared with fermentation and chemical synthesis API enterprises, the pressure of water pollutant discharge standard of pharmaceutical industry (hereinafter referred to as "standard") on Biopharmaceutical Enterprises is not great But not so much pressure as no problem Biological industry is one of the seven strategic emerging industries determined by the State Council, and biopharmaceutical industry is facing a rare development opportunity How to take environmental issues into account in the development process of new Biopharmaceutical Enterprises and achieve a "perfect start" are issues that both enterprises and relevant departments need to pay attention to ■ what is the development status of China's biopharmaceutical industry? In 2009, Huabei pharmaceutical announced that it would transform its corporate structure from API to biopharmaceutical field Before that, many domestic and foreign enterprises have turned their attention to the biomedical industry Experts in the pharmaceutical industry also believe that the development of biomedicine is the only way for the scientific and technological innovation of the pharmaceutical industry and the transformation of the growth mode In a word, biopharmaceutical industry is an industry with broad money prospect According to an article published by Korean daily on October 5, 2010, the development speed of China's biopharmaceutical industry is daunting, with an average annual growth of 27% in the past three years In recent years, China's biopharmaceutical industry is like a spring breeze with the support of policies In 2010, the decision of the State Council on accelerating the cultivation and development of strategic emerging industries was officially released, which requires that "we should vigorously develop biotechnology drugs, new vaccines and diagnostic reagents, chemical drugs, modern Chinese medicine and other innovative drugs for the prevention and control of major diseases, and improve the level of the biomedical industry." The financial crisis has left many industries in trouble, but China's pharmaceutical industry is still growing, especially the biopharmaceutical industry, with its high-tech content, high profits, low costs and other advantages, has great development potential and is expected to become a new economic growth point Because of this, the industry has attracted the attention of many enterprises Biopharmaceutical industry has also become one of the pillar industries in Shanghai and other cities Shanghai, Shenzhen, Changchun, Taizhou, Beijing Daxing, Shijiazhuang, Chengdu and other places have built or are planning to build biological industry bases The implementation of the standard makes many traditional pharmaceutical enterprises face a big test What is the status of Biopharmaceutical Enterprises? Some companies give relatively optimistic answers "There must be environmental pressure, but the impact on Biopharmaceutical Enterprises is not significant." The staff of Tiantan biopharmaceutical publicity Center said in an interview that the access threshold of Biopharmaceutical Enterprises' own equipment and technology is high, and the pollution generated is small "Chemical oxygen demand emission is controlled within 100 mg / L, or even 20 mg / L sometimes, which is lower than the new standard that Biopharmaceutical Enterprises are required to implement from 2010." In an interview, experts in the industry also said that compared with API enterprises, which are recognized as the major polluters, the pressure of qualified discharge of Biopharmaceutical Enterprises is much smaller However, small pressure does not mean there is no problem If you can't solve the problem at the start, it's likely to form a bigger problem over time ■ what are the environmental problems of Biopharmaceutical Enterprises? Experts said that the common characteristics of the pharmaceutical industry is that the input of raw materials is large and the output ratio is small Most of the substances in the production process are finally discharged in the form of waste, so the pollution problem is prominent Therefore, during the 11th Five Year Plan period, the pharmaceutical industry, including Biopharmaceutical Enterprises, was the focus of environmental supervision As a new industry, biopharmaceutical industry brings not only rapid economic growth, but also great challenges to environmental protection On the one hand, bioengineering pharmaceutical enterprises have the characteristics of integration of R & D and production Some supporting service systems (such as safety evaluation system, drug testing system, etc.) of biological medicine are not completely constructed, which leads to the confusion of management of drugs and biological strains If new environmental pollution and biological runaway are formed, it may cause significant losses to people's lives and properties On the other hand, the biosafety problems caused by biopharmaceuticals are worrisome Many toxic chemicals such as solvents and additives used in the process of biopharmaceuticals will be discharged into the environment in the form of water, gas and solid waste if they are not handled properly, which will cause immediate or potential cumulative impact on human health and environment At the same time, the environmental safety problems caused by living bacteria, viruses and transgenes in the process of bioengineering pharmacy are still unknown In the process of formulating the discharge standard of water pollutants in pharmaceutical industry, the relevant departments found that the relevant management of Biopharmaceutical Enterprises paid more attention to the production quality management and safety management, and lacked the relevant standards of environmental pollution Different from other enterprises, the cellular substances in the biopharmaceutical laboratory are not naturally produced, but the active substances synthesized by human beings Therefore, these substances must be inactivated before leaving the laboratory, which requires strict laboratory management and inspection Experts said that at present, the wastewater treatment process of Biopharmaceutical Enterprises is mainly secondary biochemistry, and the effluent quality of most enterprises can meet the standard of chemical oxygen demand less than or equal to 100mg / L However, one of the main problems is not enough attention to disinfection and sterilization Some enterprises do not disinfect all wastewater Experts suggest that the disinfection process should be increased in consideration of factors such as the possibility of residual active bacteria in the process wastewater of pharmaceutical enterprises The high concentration wastewater of biopharmaceutical appears in the fermentation process, but compared with the traditional antibiotic fermentation, the fermentation scale of biopharmaceutical is relatively small and the amount of wastewater is much smaller Therefore, this kind of waste water is generally not disposed in the plant, but entrusted to a qualified unit for treatment However, some enterprises mix the high concentration fermentation liquid into the wastewater for treatment, and the ordinary secondary biochemical treatment effect can not fully guarantee that it can meet the discharge requirements of chemical oxygen demand less than or equal to 100mg / L specified in the standard The pungent smell is the main impression of many people on pharmaceutical enterprises, and biopharmaceutical enterprises also have to face this problem The air pollutants produced by biopharmaceuticals mainly come from the use of solvents The main production points lie in the exhaust of bottle washing, solvent extraction, peptide synthesizer, etc., as well as the exhaust of laboratory and the dust in the preparation process Among them, the odor of Biopharmaceutical Enterprises mainly comes from the peculiar smell of animal house and fermentation process, and the use of organic solvents (such as volatile toluene solvents) in the pharmaceutical process will also produce peculiar smell Odor is the focus of attention and complaints of residents around pharmaceutical enterprises, but the attention of enterprises is not enough, so it is urgent to strengthen in the future work According to experts, enterprises need less investment in waste gas treatment, more mature technology, and relatively easy to achieve emission standards At the same time, experts remind that the waste gas generated should be collected first, and the odor producing points (such as waste water treatment pool) should be covered, and the transmission link should not be ignored Some enterprises' pipeline transmission volume is less than the waste gas production volume, and leakage phenomenon, which will affect the final treatment effect The collected gas is a mixture, and measures should be taken according to the composition of the gas For example, the inorganic part needs to be absorbed by acid and alkali If chlorine gas is treated, it needs to be absorbed by acid If alkali is used, it will backfire The organic matter can also be divided into two kinds: easily degradable and hard degradable The hard degradable part can not be treated by biological odor removal alone, so it needs to be disposed of first "There are many combinations in the processing system The most important thing for the processing design to be refined is how to realize the refinement of governance, select the appropriate equipment, achieve the best effect, and strengthen management." Experts said ■ what impact does the implementation of the new standard have on Biopharmaceutical Enterprises? According to the introduction, the standard imposes strict requirements on discharge standards of conventional factors such as chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, SS (suspended solids in water quality), and enterprises that have not yet reached the standard definitely need to improve relevant treatment facilities According to the research, the vast majority of enterprises can meet the standard requirement of less than 100mg / L at present For a few enterprises that can not meet the standard, they mainly need to improve the process and strengthen the management, so the actual increase in the cost will not be too much On the other hand, compared with the integrated wastewater discharge standard, the standard added three factors, namely, acetonitrile, acute toxicity and total residual chlorine This requires enterprises to strengthen the recovery of solvent, as well as wastewater treatment and operation and maintenance management According to the relevant research data, the relevant departments estimate that the increased investment in the implementation of the standard accounts for about 5% ~ 7% of the profits of bioengineering pharmaceutical enterprises, and the annual operation cost accounts for 6% ~ 10% of the profits of enterprises After the implementation of the standard, the enterprise has a transformation period of one and a half years, so the whole pharmaceutical industry is taking action Most of the transformation content is the transformation of wastewater treatment up to the standard Bioengineering drugs have higher added value than traditional drugs, and it is relatively less difficult to invest in governance funds and achieve standards With the more stringent industry standards, enterprises will invest more in environmental governance, and the proportion of pollution control cost in product cost will be larger and larger The implementation of the standard can promote enterprises to adopt advanced production technology, strengthen solvent recovery, improve treatment technology, and give full play to the guiding role of the standard in technological development At the same time, it is also conducive to the continuous improvement of enterprises, strengthening the "green" nature of enterprise products, and improving the competitiveness of enterprise products in the market Ren Liren, professor level senior engineer of national environmental protection pharmaceutical wastewater pollution control engineering technology center and deputy director of North China Pharmaceutical Group Environmental Protection Research Institute, said, "the development of biopharmaceutical industry also requires the state to set up special research and development projects and provide financial support, so as to combine universities and enterprises to carry out technological research At present, the pharmaceutical industry urgently needs to improve ammonia nitrogen emission reduction technology, energy-saving technology, biological treatment technology and high-efficiency wastewater treatment technology integration, etc " "The standard has put forward requirements, and enterprises will consciously do it They can't adapt to it at first, and have difficulties, but they will always find ways to push forward bit by bit If the bottleneck of environmental protection is broken, the pharmaceutical industry will be able to expand more space for development " Ren Li said.