Gut: Study finds enzymes critical to stem cell survival

June 14, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- The endothelial skin is the lining of the intestinal wall that separates host tissue from the gut microbesThis layer of cells plays a vital role in the absorption of water, electrolytes and nutrients, while restricting the entry of bacteria, viruses, fungi, toxins and antigens into the host tissue to ensure steady state of the intestinesThe various functions of intestinal epithelial cells are supported by a number of specialized intestinal epithelial cells, which are replaced every 3 to 5 days from a pool of intestinal stem cellsThis makes the intestinal epithelial one of the fastest-growing tissues in adult mammalsPhoto Source: So what pathways control the differentiation of the intestinal epithelial under the conditions of composition? The differentiation of epithelial cells is mainly controlled by tissue-specific activity of transcription factorsApproachable chromatin (autosomal) provides a way to approach DNA, while tight heterogeneous chromatin limits transcription factors to enter DNAResearchers at the Centre for Regenerative Therapy (CRTD) at the University of Technology in Dresden have now studied the importance of intestinal epithelial chromatin formation regulation and published their findings in the internationally renowned scientific journal IntestinalIn their study, Professor Sebastian Zei Coitig's team demonstrated the important role of the SETDB1 protein in the formation of heterochromates in intestinal epithelial cell differentiation and its importance in preventing inflammationThe scientists observed the consequences of enzyme loss in intestinal stem cells in mice: endogenous retroviruses quickly enrich in a matter of days, representing a part of the human genome that can lead to DNA damage, death of inflammatory cells, and loss of epithelial cells that differentiate intestinal epithelial stem cellsThis limits the absorption of liquids and nutrients, leading to inflammation of the intestines and inevitably causing mice to die within a few days"Our study reveals the fundamental importance of SETDB1 and heterogeneous chromatin formation in maintaining the genome stability of epithelial cells and controlling the steady state of the intestine," said Sebastian Zei, a physician at the University Hospital and head of the CRTD study"It remains to be seen whether mutations in the gene also cause inflammation of the human gut, such as inflammatory bowel disease"(BioValleyBioon.com) Reference: Lea Ju? ni? et alSETDB1 is ised for the guu epithelial dydd di oedo gusnois, Gut (2020)DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321339