Guinea pigs with Ebola virus were cured by antibody, which raised the hope of treating Ebola in human

May 9, 2019 / BIOON / - more than 11000 people died in the outbreak of Ebola virus in West Africa in 2014 At the time, scientists were studying several experimental vaccines and treatments, but none of them were approved for use in humans Antibody is a special defense protein, which is produced when our body reacts to infection or vaccination It is one of the treatment methods studied Once we find the best antibody against the disease, we can mass produce it and use it for treatment Photo source: http://cn.bing.com and a new study published in cell reports shows that the antibody isolated from the volunteers who received the experimental Ebola vaccine effectively defeated the Ebola virus in six guinea pigs In all, the researchers extracted 82 antibodies from the blood cells of 11 vaccinated people These antibodies were combined into three groups, each containing three to four different kinds of antibodies, and one of them successfully cured all six animals infected with Ebola virus, which received antibody treatment three days after the infection The perfect combination of antibody vaccine may have side effects, so for people with immune system disorders, such as the elderly and pregnant women, antibody is a safer treatment Antibodies can be isolated from human blood by selecting individual B cells (special immune cells that secrete antibodies) The genetic code for antibody production is in B cells, which can be extracted by advanced molecular technology Once the code is found, researchers can produce a large number of antibodies in the laboratory Photo source: http://cn.bing.com antibody prevents the virus from entering the cell by attaching to the virus Each antibody has different characteristics, such as how and where it binds to the virus, and whether it can prevent the virus from infecting cells The researchers tested these characteristics of 82 antibodies In this study, antibodies isolated from vaccinated blood donors had the same characteristics as those isolated from immunized animals and Ebola survivors These Ebola antibodies have been fully studied and can be used in human clinical trials One advantage of developing antibody therapy from vaccinated healthy people is that it solves the problem of processing blood samples from unselected human survivors from remote areas where donors may be hiding Ebola or other infectious viruses, such as hepatitis B or HIV The researchers are studying the effect of the antibody combination of the study against two other Ebola viruses, Sudan virus and bendibugyo virus These diseases have caused major outbreaks in the past Even if a specific combination of antibodies does not cure these viruses, there is still hope Because the antibodies in this study, combined with antibodies from other research groups that respond to all species, may provide better treatment Photo source: http://cn.bing.com antibody is also a useful tool for studying Ebola virus and human immune response By tracking how antibodies attack cells, it's possible to identify the virus's Achilles' heel This study shows that human vaccine testing is an excellent opportunity to isolate antibodies that can be effectively used for treatment This may be very important to deal with emerging infections such as avian influenza, mers, SARS and Chikungunya virus Reference materials: [1] guinea pigs curled of Ebola with antibodies, raising hopes for treatment in humans [2] Ebola virus disease [3] 2014-2016 Ebola break in West Africa [4] Katie ewer et al A monthly chimpanzee adenovirus Ebola vaccine boosted with MVA N Engl J Med 2016; 374:1635-1646 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1411627 【5】Pramila Rijal et al Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies for Ebola Virus Infection Derived from Vaccinated Humans Cell Reports DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2019.03.020 【6】 B Cells: The Antibody Factories of the Immune System 【7】Ana Maria Henao-Restrepo et al Efficacy and effectiveness of an rVSV-vectored vaccine in preventing Ebola virus disease: final results from the Guinea ring vaccination, open-label, cluster-randomised trial (Ebola Ça Suffit!) The Lancet。 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32621-6 【8】 Treatment and vaccines for Ebola virus disease under development