Great contribution in 2019: reading the new research results of old medicine and new use with heavy articles!

By the end of the year, 2019 is coming to an end What will greet us is a brand-new 2020 In the coming 2019, scientists have made a number of research results in the field of new use of old drugs In this paper, the editor will organize the relevant important research of this year and share with you! Photo source: http://cn.bing.com [1] cell Rep: old medicine new! A class of breast cancer drugs are expected to treat drug-resistant lung cancer! Doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.003 recently, a research report published in the international journal Cell reports, from Francis Scientists from CRIC Research Institute have found that a kind of drug used to treat some breast cancer or to help effectively treat lung cancer resistant to targeted therapy In this paper, the researchers found that when the function of protein P110 α was blocked, the tumor of mice induced by gene EGFR mutation would significantly shrink Drugs that block P110 α have shown great potential in clinical trials for some types of breast cancer, and are expected to be approved for clinical use in the future The latest research results show that these drugs may bring potential benefits to lung cancer patients with EGFR mutations and tolerance to treatment Researcher Julian Professor downward said that in the first few years, targeted therapy was very effective for lung cancer patients with EGFR mutations These drugs have been improving, but unfortunately, after several years of use, cancer began to become tolerant to the treatment and began to spread Currently, the second-line therapy used by lung cancer patients is the conventional chemotherapy method, which is not It is targeted and has serious side effects 【2】 Nature: a major breakthrough! The combination of metformin and heme is expected to cure triple negative breast cancer! doi：10.1038/s41586-019-1005-x It is estimated that about 15% - 20% of breast cancer patients are triple negative breast cancer patients, that is, patients lack three key therapeutic targets: estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 Due to the lack of these targets, most triple negative breast cancer patients will receive standard chemotherapy instead of the preferred targeted drugs, and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) will Disproportionately affected young women, African American women and women with BRCA1 mutations Due to the lack of effective treatment for TNBC, many researchers are working hard to find new drug targets In this process, researchers from the University of Chicago found a pair of new weapons - two ancient drugs, which can produce encouraging results when treating cancer mice The relevant research results are published in the international journal Nature Dr Marsha Rosner, the researcher, said that we were able to redirect these two ancient drugs (metformin and heme) to treat tolerable breast cancer that currently cannot be targeted 【3】 Guts: the HIV drug ribavirin may be able to effectively improve the symptoms of liver fibrosis doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318372 recently, an international journal, guts, was published with the title of "riverivirine attenuates liver fibrosis through selective stat1-mediated apoptosis in hepatic stellate In the Research Report of cells, scientists from the University of Valencia and other institutions in Spain found that an antiretroviral drug, rilpivirine, which is used to treat HIV, has beneficial effects on chronic liver diseases, and the relevant research results may be expected to help develop new therapies for liver diseases In the article, the researchers said that after studying different preclinical models of liver injury, they found that the drug used to treat HIV infection, ribavirin, could effectively reduce the degree of liver fibrosis in the model body At present, researchers need to find selective therapies that can effectively treat patients with liver fibrosis These therapies can affect the inactivation of stellate cells and promote the regeneration of liver tissue 【4】 IJC: diabetes drug metformin may be effective in the treatment of specific types of breast cancer doi: 10.1002/ijc.32690 recently, a research report published in the International Journal of cancer, scientists from Louisiana State University found that a drug commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus Metformin may be an effective treatment for cancer that lacks niscarin protein Dr alahari, researcher, said that niscarin is involved in a variety of biological processes, which can play the role of tumor suppressor Our team focused on breast cancer In this study, we found that interfering with niscarin gene may slow down the development of breast cancer and enhance tumor AMPK plays a key role in the metabolic process of the body It is considered to be a therapeutic target for metabolic diseases and some cancers At present, researchers do not know the precise mechanism of metformin, but it seems to play a role partly by activating the function of AMPK 【5】 Anti worm drug inhibits more growth and spread in mice Recently, scientists from the University of New South Wales in Australia have found that a drug that has been used for nearly 40 years to treat human and animal worm infections can be used to inhibit the growth and spread of melanoma in mice In Europe, the drug is an over-the-counter drug, usually used to fight worms and control parasite infection in patients The drug is called flubendazole, which can effectively inhibit the growth and metastasis of human tumors in mice Professor Levon khachigian, the researcher, said that we were very surprised to find that the antitumor effect of flubendazole mainly includes its inhibition of the activity of cell surface protein called programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) When PD-1 is combined with a protein called PD-L1, it can help block the immune system from killing cancer cells; when PD-1 is inhibited, it can release its brake on the function of the immune system, thus promoting immune cells to find and destroy tumors Photo source: cc0 public domain [6] SCI Rep: a drug for male erectile dysfunction or effective treatment for heart failure doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-42592-1 Recently, scientists from University of Manchester found that a drug called Erda, which can treat erectile dysfunction, can slow down or even reverse the process of heart failure in sheep The results of the study are published in the International Journal Scientific Reports Researcher Andrew Heart failure is a heart failure heart failure, * Trafford says When the heart is too weak to pump the blood needed, it will lead to heart failure Heart failure can also cause fluid accumulation to the lungs, causing breathing difficulties and fluid retention, leading to swelling in different parts of the body The current heart failure therapy has no effect This study is very important to improve the health status of patients with heart failure Previously, researchers conducted human clinical trials In this study, the researchers further confirmed that tadalafil can be used as a therapy for heart failure Some patients who are used to treat erectile dysfunction often inadvertently obtain the heart protective effects of the drug 【7】 PNAs: scientists hope to use cancer drugs to treat female endometriosis doi: 10.1073/pnas.1916144116 Endometriosis is a disease that affects the health of millions of women Recently, in a research report published in the international journal PNAs, scientists from the University of Edinburgh and other institutions found that using a cancer drug can effectively slow down the symptoms of endometriosis patients Using dichloroacetate to treat cells from patients with endometriosis can reduce the production of lactate, a potentially harmful waste, in cells and block abnormal cell growth, the researchers said Endometriosis affects the health of 176 million women around the world It is usually caused by pathological growth of tissues similar to endometrium in other parts of the body (such as pelvis and ovary) In this paper, researchers found that the cells in the pelvic wall of patients with endometriosis have different metabolic characteristics compared with the uninfected individuals Cells can produce large amounts of lactate, which is similar to the behavior of cancer cells 【8】 Nat metabol: targeting heart disease drugs to clear cancer cells doi: 10.1038/s42255-019-0122-z Aging (aging) is a kind of cell pressure reaction, which will lead to stable growth stagnation of aging and damaged cells In the past 10 years, scientists have found that aging cells play a key role in a series of human diseases, including cancer, arthritis and atherosclerosis Previous research results show that the use of drugs or special genetics Methods to eliminate aging cells can make mice healthier and live longer Meanwhile, eliminating aging cells can improve the progress of more than 20 diseases including fibrosis and cataract Navitoclax is an anticancer drug, which can selectively remove aging cells by inducing apoptosis This kind of drug is called "longevity drug" In clinical trials, navitoclax can potentially effectively treat leukemia And lymphoma, however, can cause serious side effects such as platelet and macrophage death, so researchers urgently need to identify a new drug that can effectively eliminate / eliminate aging cells Recently, an international journal Nature In a report on metabolism, scientists from the London Institute of Medical Sciences identified a new class of sensorytic drugs through research 【9】 ELife: magic! In a new study, researchers from the Catholic University of Leuven in Belgium and the Federal University of santacarina in Brazil found that a drug used to fight arthritis can also prevent a process that allows TB to infect and hijack hematopoietic stem cells The findings, published on October 22, 2019 in the Journal eLife, suggest that TB may affect any part of the body, but the spread of the disease may begin in the bone marrow The researchers confirmed that TB hijacked hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow and transformed them into ideal host cells for proliferation They also found that this mechanism could be blocked by taking an anti arthritis drug About a quarter of the world's population is living with TB, which can lead to TB Most of the infected people have latent tuberculosis, which means they won't get sick However, when the immune system weakens, such as in the elderly or HIV patients, this latent TB can become active tuberculosis On a global scale