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Adults over the age of 50 who sleep no more than five hours a night are at greater risk of developing multiple chronic diseases than their peers who sleep seven hours a night, according to a study published Oct.
18 in the open-access journal PLoS Medicine
.
As life expectancy increases, it is common in high-income countries for older people with multiple chronic diseases, and this study supports the promotion of good sleep hygiene
in middle and old age.
Sleep duration is associated with individual chronic diseases, but the relationship with multiple illnesses (the simultaneous occurrence of two or more chronic diseases) is poorly
understood.
Séverine Sabia, who works at Université Paris Cité, Inserm and University College London, and her colleagues took data from a cohort study that began in 1985 and looked at self-reported sleep duration
among 50, 60 and 70-year-olds.
Among 7,864 healthy participants who slept 50 years old, those who slept 5 hours or less had a 30 percent
higher risk of multiple diseases than those who slept 7 hours.
At age 60, those who slept no more than 5 hours had a 32% increased risk and a 40% increased risk at age 70.
Shorter sleep duration at age 50 was also associated with a 25% increased risk of death, mainly because it was associated
with an increased risk of chronic disease.
In people aged 60 and 70, sleeping more than 9 hours or more was associated with a high incidence of multiple chronic diseases, but only 122 participants slept that long, and the longer sleep duration can be attributed to the chronic disease itself
.
Self-reported data are not always reliable, and in this study, undiagnosed diseases may have led to opposite causal relationships
.
The ability to generalize the data is limited
by the small percentage of non-white participants.
Current research, as well as evidence from previous studies, suggests that sleep time is important
for the health of older adults.
"Our study, based on 25-year follow-up data from more than 7,000 men and women, reports that short sleep duration in middle-aged and older adults is associated
with the risk of chronic disease and subsequent morbidity," Sabia added.
