Genetically modified oil has become the mainstream of edible oil, and imported genetically modified soybean is the first

With the escalation of the debate between Cui Yongyuan and Fang Zhouzi, genetically modified food has once again become the focus of social attention On September 16, the people's Daily published a list of genetically modified foods in China, including corn (2336, 6.00, 0.26%), cotton (19750, - 20.00, - 0.10%), sugar beet, soybean and rape, which are approved to be imported as processing materials According to a reporter from China enterprise daily, genetically modified soybeans are the most famous and abundant of all imported crops According to statistics, in 2012 alone, China imported 58.38 million tons of soybeans from the United States, Brazil and Argentina Industry insiders pointed out that the vast majority of these are genetically modified soybeans, which are licensed for oil extraction and feed production Domestic soybean production is only the import of genetically modified soybean, industry insiders told reporters that there are more than 20 ports in China that import soybeans, most of which are imported according to the order quantity and directly enter the oil processing plant Although the state expressly stipulates that genetically modified soybeans are only used for processing oil products, and even waste residues can not be burned, a small number of them are distributed by traders through their downstream networks There are two main terminal flows of these imported soybeans: entering small oil pressing enterprises and oil mills around for oil pressing; or being processed into various bean products by bean product processing enterprises According to the conclusion of the field survey conducted by Xinhu futures at the end of 2012, the actual soybean production in China may only be about 8.5 million tons, and 58.38 million tons of imported soybeans in 2012 were genetically modified soybeans This means that the production of soybean oil, the most important edible oil in China (7102, 26.00, 0.37%), is largely dependent on imported soybeans Previous statistics have been made by professionals In the United States, China's largest soybean importer, the cultivation area of genetically modified soybeans has reached 91% of the total cultivation area of soybeans Nine of the nearly 870 million tons of soybeans produced in the United States have become genetically modified According to statistics, the use of soybean oil accounts for about 40% of the domestic consumption of vegetable oil, so squeezing is one of the most important sources of soybean consumption in China However, needless to say, domestic soybeans cannot even satisfy the consumption of Chinese consumers The consumption of soybeans is mainly to make a variety of processed products, including tofu, soybean skin, soybean price, soy sauce and other products Another use is to process soybean protein Statistics show that China's total soybean consumption in 2011 / 2012 was 71.65 million tons, including 11 million tons of edible soybean consumption Based on the annual soybean output of 12.8 million tons and the temporary National Reserve of 3 million tons, the total number of domestic non transgenic soybeans is only 9.8 million tons It can be seen that there is a supply-demand gap of about 1.2 million tons for direct consumption of soybeans Therefore, in addition to the soybeans sold by the State Reserve at low prices, there is a certain gap in domestic soybeans even if they are all used for food consumption and protein powder processing In addition to the increasing consumption, in recent years, the production capacity consumption of soybean protein is also growing rapidly The export volume of soybean protein in China has nearly doubled in the past decade At present, the export volume of soybean protein in China accounts for about half of the world In 2010, China produced more than 600000 tons of soybean protein and consumed 2.5 million tons of soybean The average growth rate in the past five years is about 4% With such development, it is difficult for all domestic soybeans to meet the requirements of soybean protein processing Under the strong demand, it's not surprising that soybean imports continue to grow According to customs data, China imported 58.38 million tons of soybeans in 2012, up 11.2% year on year Historically, since the 1990s, the national strategy of "discarding oil and preserving grain" has also been the reason why the proportion of China's grain imports has gradually declined and the oil imports have been rising From the market point of view, with the increase of the demand of the breeding industry, the increase of feed demand also drives the increase of processing profit Chinese processing enterprises take the opportunity to increase production, and China's soybean import this year may rise to a record level Cheng Guoqiang, deputy director of the market economy Research Institute of the information center of the development research center of the State Council, once pointed out that in 2012, China's total grain output was 589.57 million tons, and the total net import of grain and soybean was 71 million tons If inventory and other factors were not taken into account, the total domestic consumption of grain and soybean in 2012 was 660.57 million tons, and the import of grain and soybean was equivalent to 10.7% of the total consumption It can be seen that 10.7% of the grain and soybean output imported is equivalent to 20% of the land resources imported Therefore, soybean import is of great significance According to the analysis of experts, in the extreme situation of complete prohibition of soybean import, the price of domestic oilseeds will rise by 120%, the price of edible oil will rise by 85%; the price of grain will rise by 10% - 20%, and the price of livestock products will rise by 20% - 30% This means that if the price of 5-litre soybean oil is calculated according to the city food price in 2012, it will rise from yuan / barrel to yuan / barrel, the price of rice will rise from yuan / kg to yuan / kg, and the price of pork will rise from yuan / kg to yuan / kg What's more, a complete ban on soybean imports may lead to hyperinflation This kind of short-term price rise caused by panic may even be far beyond the calculation of the economic model GMF information disclosure short board On September 15, 12 lawyers from all over the country sent a joint letter to the State Food and Drug Administration and the Ministry of agriculture, hoping to disclose the information related to genetically modified food, including: the types of genetically modified food in China; the materials and approval procedures for the safety evaluation of agricultural genetically modified organisms; the catalogue of enterprises producing and selling genetically modified food in China; how to punish enterprises without genetically modified marks, etc Twelve lawyers believe that genetically modified food is related to public health, and the government should disclose more information in this regard to meet the public's right to know At the same time, it enables ordinary consumers to have more knowledge and understanding of genetically modified food, so that they can distinguish and freely choose traditional food or genetically modified food Reporter also found in the market, genetically modified has become the main weapon for oil companies to seize the market In the market, genetically modified edible oil is nearly half cheaper than similar products The price of 5L Fulinmen genetically modified soybean oil is yuan / barrel, that of Jinlongyu genetically modified soybean oil is yuan / barrel, that of Yuanbao genetically modified soybean oil is yuan / barrel, that of 5L Luhua non genetically modified soybean oil is yuan / barrel, and that of Le buyer non genetically modified soybean oil is yuan / barrel The reporter found that most of the edible oil barrels were marked with "non GMO" in an obvious position, while the genetically modified edible oil only marked "processing raw materials are genetically modified soybeans" in the column of labeled raw materials, and there was no mark on the shelf, price tag and other positions According to the reporter's understanding, the hygiene management measures for genetically modified food stipulates that food products containing genetically modified organisms or expression products shall be marked with "genetically modified ×× food" or "genetically modified ×× food as raw material"; bulk genetically modified food must be marked on the price tag or on a separate notice board If the genetically modified food comes from potentially sensitized food, it is also required to mark "this product is transformed into XX food gene, and attention should be paid to XX food allergy person" It may be difficult to distinguish the winner from the loser in a short period of time Some experts say that we should fully guarantee the right of the masses to know about the consumption of genetically modified food, put the problem out and give the right of choice to the masses "In addition to the debate on the safety of genetically modified food, people have the right to know what the food is, and the right to know and choose food should be fully safeguarded." Cheng Tongshun, agricultural policy expert and doctoral supervisor of Zhouenlai School of government management, Nankai University, said "Any commodity must fully respect consumers' right to know, and the true information of the commodity must be provided to consumers." Qiu Baochang, an expert consultant and lawyer of China Consumer Association, said that consumers' right to know and right to choose are the rights given to consumers by law, and such provisions are also the obligations of operators.