From enterprise cluster to industrial cluster

Introduction: China new Fujian Com, Jan 21 - at the beginning of 1985, Mawei built Fuzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, one of the first 14 national economic and technological development zones in China In 1992, Fuzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone and Mawei administrative region were merged to implement the integrated management of development zone and administrative region There are only 10 square kilometers here, but the annual industrial output value is over 27 billion This is the largest display manufacturing center in the world, with the market share of display tube, glass shell and deflection coil ranking first in China, and the market share of PDP (plasma), TFT (liquid crystal), lithium battery and aluminum strip ranking first in China In addition to expanding industrial clusters, they also engaged in intensive land management and circular economy on a large scale In the past 20 years since the establishment of the District, journalists have made a special trip to Mawei Looking at the industrial chain investment promotion, we can see from the electronic monitoring screen that the furnace in the furnace is burning and the high temperature of 1500 ℃ constantly melts the sand in the production workshop of Fujian Electric Glass Co., Ltd (Fujian NEG) in Fuzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone After a process of automation, the finished product "glass shell" will be produced, which is the most upstream link of the display industry chain The next product is shadow mask, which is invested and produced by LG enterprises in the Development Zone, deflection coil, which is invested and produced by JVC company in Japan, electronic gun, which is produced by Taiwan funded Zhonghua projector, and the complete industrial chain of display can be found in Fuzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone Since the ground breaking of the project started in 1993, the managers of the development zone have consciously cultivated a large industrial cluster At present, in Fuzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, there are 17 upstream and downstream enterprises from all over the world supporting Huaying photoelectric Co., Ltd., with a total investment of more than 1 billion US dollars At present, Huaying optoelectronics has become the largest production base of kinescope in the world, and the development zone has also achieved the goal of "10 billion electronic city" in industrial agglomeration, becoming one of the top ten electronic information industry bases in China The formation of industrial chain has also expanded new development space for Huaying optoelectronics Huaying optoelectronics continuously increased capital and put into production from phase I to phase V, and moved its R & D institutions to the development zone Last year, the annual output of display tubes was more than 18 million, with an output value of 6.8 billion yuan The company's follow-up projects are continuous: the whole PDP assembly which was put into production on March 4 last year, with a total investment of 4 million US dollars, produced plasma (POP) display template With the approval of the state, the production line of the plasma display project with a total investment of 820 million US dollars is fully completed, with an annual output value of 23.2 billion yuan and an annual output of 1.44 million plasma display products In addition, the TFT panel rear production line, which was put into production in January this year, produces LCD and its related products After the completion of the first phase of the plan, the annual output value is expected to be about 3.8 billion yuan "In the past, many places in China focused on the number of projects and the size of projects, while ignoring the relevance of projects and the supporting industries Mawei Development Zone started to focus on the investment in the industrial chain We think there are three advantages in this way of investment promotion First, reduce the investment and operation costs of enterprises Focusing on the investment and operation of industrial chain supporting location, enterprises can reduce the cost of market research and negotiation, reduce the cost of production and transportation, shorten the transit time of goods and funds, and improve the turnover efficiency of goods and funds Second, it helps to speed up the pace of innovation of enterprises In the industrial cluster, new technology, new experience can spread rapidly, and new ideas and concepts are easy to be accepted by each other At the same time, in the community, there are many opportunities for related enterprises to contact each other, so that they can quickly understand the market demand and technological changes, so as to help enterprises grasp the market and technological direction and grasp the initiative of innovation Third, it helps to enhance the market's awareness of enterprises When the enterprises in a region gather to a certain scale and develop to a certain extent, they will naturally generate corresponding market awareness This is the need of the market and the entry point of our investment promotion " Zheng Youguang, Secretary of the Party committee of Fuzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone, said "Soon after Secretary Zheng took office, he classified the industries in the development zone and asked for investment promotion along the industrial chain More than 50 people were organized in the district to disassemble the products of the whole district After the segmentation of kinescope, there are glass shell, shadow mask, deflection coil, electron gun, chip capacitor, gold guide frame, fluorescent powder, etc we decompose the industrial chain just like "dismantling parts" Then they went to the enterprises for field research and asked which manufacturers they bought these parts from, how much they bought in a year, how much they paid, and how much they would buy in the future We have investigated more than 5000 spare parts The results show that there are more than 800 kinds of spare parts purchased by the enterprises in the Development Zone every year with an amount of more than 20 million yuan We have done an arithmetic problem The average annual value-added rate of the industry in Fuzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone is more than 30% The total output value is 27 billion yuan, of which 8.1 billion yuan is created by us and nearly 19 billion yuan is purchased 19 billion is a space, a market It's distributed among parts If we can pull the 19 billion yuan output value to the development zone a little more, that's a big number! " "After finishing the above preparations, we will send someone to follow up, follow the lead and carry out project reserve and development In the early days of reform and opening up, the Development Zone relied on policies Now we rely on the market demand created by the industrial chain to attract enterprises For example, at that time, we asked an enterprise how much freight it would cost to transport these spare parts to the terminal manufacturer, and their answer was tens of millions of yuan If these factories are moved to the Development Zone, the cost will be saved Do you say they don't care? " Introduction of a person in charge of investment promotion in the development zone Indeed, the supporting businesses in Fuzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone are very fruitful Japan's neg, with an investment of US $161 million, was officially put into production in December 2003 and went on a new production line in May last year JVC Electronics Co., Ltd of Japan was put into operation in 2002, with an annual output of 6.45 million units and a total output value of 415.36 million yuan All products are supplied to Huaying optoelectronics Finally, some of its production bases in Japan, Thailand and Taiwan were transferred to Fuzhou Development Zone "More importantly, investment promotion around the industrial chain will eventually form an industrial cluster Industrial cluster has become the mainstream of regional economic development around the world, and is undoubtedly the key factor to enhance the core competitiveness of economic development of development zones There are many advantages I just mention three of them: first, it is helpful to introduce core institutions to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises R & D is the most high-end, risky and profitable link in the industrial chain It is also the key link of the core competitiveness of enterprises As far as the development zone is concerned, the R & D strength of the enterprises introduced in the initial stage is not strong With the agglomeration of characteristic industries and the expansion of the scale of enterprise clusters, now many enterprises have moved their R & D institutions into the development zone For example, Huaying photoelectricity has moved the R & D center, and the confidence of supporting enterprises is more sufficient In this way, the industrial clusters around Huaying can also be bigger and stronger 2、 It is helpful to enhance the market anti risk ability of industrial economy Industrial agglomeration is generally supported by leading enterprises, which drive the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the industrial chain Due to their interdependence, enterprises naturally form a strategic alliance in the market, showing the "team competition power" in the market, so it also improves the market's anti risk ability 3、 It is conducive to the intensive use of land and resources After industrial agglomeration, first, the density of investment enterprises will be greatly increased, and the investment intensity of land per unit area will be further increased; second, through competition among enterprises, not only can accelerate the optimization and upgrading of the whole industry, but also promote and promote enterprises to continuously increase input, increase output and improve efficiency, which meets the requirements of intensive development of the development zone All of these play an important role in the scientific development of the development zone " Said Zheng Youguang In recent years, Fujian has been exploring the project generation mechanism How to make the project keep vitality while generating, the practice of Fuzhou Development Zone provides a good example At present, more than 20 world top 500 or multinational companies and more than 10 listed companies have settled in the Development Zone, which has become the most intensive investment area for multinational companies and listed companies in Fujian Province In addition to the above-mentioned electronic industry led by China image tube, the development zone's industries in the seven fields of metallurgical machinery, aquatic feed, light industry and textile, food processing, biopharmaceutical, transportation equipment are also gathering, and continue to grow and strengthen The cluster of metal smelting and calendering enterprises, which are mainly composed of Sino-Japanese Da, Chinalco Ruimin and Sinosteel, has an output value of more than 2 billion yuan, accounting for 10% of the total output value of the whole region Aquatic feed enterprise clusters mainly include seahorse, Dachang and other aquatic feed brand enterprises At present, the development zone has become the most important aquatic feed production base in Fujian Province and even the whole country, and also one of the largest fish meal distribution centers in the country Last year, the output value of aquatic feed enterprises in the whole region was nearly 2 billion yuan There are also food processing enterprise clusters represented by uni president and Dingyi, light industry export enterprise clusters led by Qinglu, and transportation equipment industry clusters led by Mawei shipyard and Southeast shipyard Through the enlargement and strength of these industrial clusters, the total industrial output value of the development zone has increased at an average rate of 36.4% every year in recent years Last year, the total industrial output value reached 27.2 billion yuan Form multiple ecological chains in the Development Zone, we can deeply feel the beauty of the ecological environment here "We not only create high output value on unit land, but also consider saving and environmental protection Circular economy has unique advantages here: subjectively, the development zone has accumulated rich experience in development, and the government, enterprises and the public have a consensus on the development of circular economy; objectively speaking, the planned infrastructure of Fuzhou Development Zone is complete and the industrial structure is reasonable, It has a good software and hardware foundation for implementing circular economy " Said Lin Xinguo, director of the Management Committee of the development zone Fuzhou Development Zone is located in the broad river section where Minjiang River and wulongjiang River meet, with low mountains and hills in the north and Minjiang River in the south The scenery is beautiful When the sun sets in the west, seagulls fly and the water and the sky are the same Many enterprises here started to implement clean production technology, waste recycling technology and the whole process control of pollution discharge early, and established a set of modern new technology of energy saving, water saving and consumption reduction Some enterprises have formed a circular economy operation mode at the enterprise level (small cycle) At present, 6 enterprises in the development zone have passed the ISO14001 environmental management system certification, and 4 enterprises are carrying out the certification work
With Huaying optoelectronics as the leader, LG mcelon, neg, JVC, Yunyou electronics, Datong company and other enterprises have formed an upstream and downstream industrial chain of electronic information manufacturing industry In addition, Guiwei chemical, fumeijia building materials and other renewable resource companies have joined together to form an industrial symbiotic combination of sharing resources and exchanging by-products based on the ecological industrial chain Form a regional level (middle cycle) circular economy operation mode In addition, to unify food, Dingxin food company