Four ministries and commissions answer reporters' questions on agriculture, rural areas and farmers

Introduction: Du Qinglin, Minister of agriculture, is answering questions from reporters Lu Weibin, a reporter from Xinhuanet, took a photo on March 10 A press conference was held at the third session of the 10th National People's Congress Du Qinglin, Minister of the Ministry of agriculture, Jiang Weixin, deputy director of the national development and Reform Commission, Li Xueyong, Deputy Minister of science and technology, and Zhu Zhigang, Deputy Minister of the Ministry of finance, answered questions from reporters about agriculture, rural areas and farmers At 10 a.m on March 10, 2005, the third session of the Tenth National People's Congress held a press conference at the press release hall on the first floor of the Great Hall of the people Du Qinglin, Minister of agriculture, Jiang Weixin, deputy director of the national development and Reform Commission, Li Xueyong, deputy Minister of science and technology, and Zhu Zhigang, Deputy Minister of finance, answered questions from journalists on agriculture, rural areas and farmers Here is the actual record of the press conference [Peng Fang]: the press conference is about to begin I'd like to make a few announcements first For today's press conference Please pay attention to the following items: first, please turn off the mobile phone and pager, or put them in the silent position If there is a call, it is better not to answer it in the field During the press conference, try to avoid walking around Please do not stay in the middle aisle for a long time to avoid affecting others [Peng Fang]: each questioner can only ask one question at a time, no more than two questions at most, so as to give others more opportunities When asking questions, I hope you are concise and clear Finally, I hope you can cooperate At the end of the press conference, it's better not to interview again on the spot Thank you for your cooperation! [Cao Weizhou]: Hello, ladies and gentlemen! The third session of the 10th National People's Congress held a press conference today We are pleased to invite minister Du Qinglin of the Ministry of agriculture, vice director Jiang Weixin of the national development and Reform Commission, Vice Minister Li Xueyong of the Ministry of science and technology, and vice minister Zhu Zhigang of the Ministry of finance Ask them to answer your questions about agriculture, rural areas and farmers First of all, I'd like to ask minister du to say a few words [Du Qinglin]: Good morning, ladies and gentlemen! For a long time, we are very happy that our friends in the press have been concerned about China's agriculture, rural areas and farmers The Central Committee and the State Council have always attached great importance to the issue of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" In 2004, after 18 years, the Central Committee issued No 1 document on agricultural issues In 2005, the Central Committee issued No 1 document on agricultural issues The central government regards solving the "three rural" problems as the top priority of the whole Party and all its work [Du Qinglin]: in 2004, China's agricultural macro-control was strengthened and became the highlight of macro-control We firmly believe that China's agriculture and rural economy will take new steps and all undertakings in rural areas will achieve new results under the promotion of the central policy of supporting and benefiting agriculture [Du Qinglin]: we hope that the news media will continue to care about and support China's "three rural" issues Thank you! [Peng Fang]: now let's ask questions [CCTV reporter]: Thank you Hello, four ministers I'm a reporter from CCTV Last year, I often interviewed at the grassroots level in the countryside When I interviewed many farmers, they said that they believed that good policy and good help were the main reasons for the harvest last year I would like to ask minister Du Qinglin to take stock of the implementation of the good policies in the first document last year on increasing grain production and farmers' incomes? What measures have we taken to put the policy into effect in the field? Thank you [Du Qinglin]: 2004 is an extraordinary year for Chinese agriculture China's agriculture has developed in response to the challenges and has made great achievements An important turnaround has taken place in grain production The national grain planting area has recovered to 1.524 billion mu, an increase of 33 million mu over the previous year, reversing the five consecutive years of decline The total grain output of the whole year was 938.9 billion jin, an increase of 77.5 billion jin, and the per mu yield was increased by 38 Jin The increase of total grain output and the output per unit area reached the highest level in history [Du Qinglin]: the regional distribution and variety structure of grain were further optimized, and the construction of main grain producing areas was further strengthened Last year, 13 major grain producing provinces increased grain production by 91% of the national increase [Du Qinglin]: Farmers' enthusiasm for grain production has been significantly enhanced, investment has been increased, and management level has been greatly improved The per capita net income of farmers in the whole year reached 2936 yuan, an increase of 314 yuan over the previous year, or 6.8%, which is the actual growth, the best level since 1997 [Du Qinglin]: it is gratifying that grain income has increased significantly, and the income of breeding industry and special agricultural products has also increased significantly In the whole year, the per capita net income of farmers in agriculture increased by 20% compared with the previous year, which is 56% of the total income growth [Du Qinglin]: in 2004, the government increased its efforts and adopted a series of policies and measures to support and benefit farmers, giving full play to the role of policy driven, market driven and structural optimization to promote grain production and farmers' income In our practical work, we have focused on four aspects of implementation [Du Qinglin]: first, we should promote the implementation of the central policy of supporting agriculture We should implement the central policy at the grass-roots level, and give the benefits of the policy to the farmers so that they can benefit directly The second is to strengthen the implementation of the work responsibility system, so that the work responsibility to the people, increase grain income measures in place [Du Qinglin]: three is to promote the implementation of science and technology initiatives Last year, 50 excellent varieties of grain and 10 advanced and practical agricultural technologies were mainly promoted throughout the country, so as to improve the per unit yield, save costs and increase efficiency [Du Qinglin]: Fourth, strengthen the implementation of work guidance measures, organize cadres and technicians to go to the front line, and help farmers to solve the practical problems of increasing production and income [Du Qinglin]: these measures have played a positive role in increasing production and income Of course, the growth of grain production in our country last year was only restorative, and we cannot be blindly optimistic about the increase of farmers' income We believe that the task of increasing production and income is still arduous Thank you [Kyodo News Agency reporter]: last year, I went to China's rural areas for a series of interviews In the course of my interviews with farmers, some farmers said that they had encountered a problem in their development and income increase The main problem was the lack of land Some township and county governments lost their land resources in the name of various development projects, and they had no way to recover their original land resources They own their own land, and they don't know if the central government knows what these county and township governments are doing What measures will the central government take to solve this problem in 2005? [Du Qinglin]: land is the lifeblood of farmers It is not only the means of production of farmers, but also the guarantee of farmers' life It is the basis of farmers' survival and development [Du Qinglin]: last year, I went to the petition Office of the Ministry of agriculture to receive petitions from farmers The problem that farmers reported was land disputes I think the main reason for the land disputes is that some places have not strictly implemented the central government's policies in the process of land transfer, so the operation is not standardized, and some of them have violated the interests of farmers [Du Qinglin]: the government attaches great importance to this issue Last year, the State Council issued three urgent notices to solve this problem, proposing to implement the strictest farmland protection system After a period of unremitting efforts, land disputes have been solved, but we should also see that problems in individual areas are being solved, and some problems may not be completely solved [Du Qinglin]: this year, we will continue to implement the relevant provisions of the State Council on strict farmland protection, strengthen the management of land, properly handle land disputes, and strive to ensure that the area of basic farmland is not reduced, the use is not changed, and the quality is not reduced Thank you [NextPage] [Xinhua News Agency reporter]: Thank you! Hello, four ministers I'm a reporter from Xinhua news agency There was a good situation in rural work last year Today's No.1 document puts improving the comprehensive agricultural production capacity in a prominent position What are the important problems in improving the comprehensive agricultural production capacity? What measures will be taken? Thank you [Du Qinglin]: the questions raised by this journalist friend are very important and are of great concern to all sides Improving the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture is the theme of this year's No.1 document of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China The focus is to promote the increase of grain production, the increase of farmers' income and the all-round development of rural undertakings This is a major measure taken by the central government from the perspective of the reality of agricultural and rural development [Du Qinglin]: over 50 years since the founding of the people's Republic of China, especially over 20 years of reform and opening up, the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture has been significantly improved Take grain production as an example Now our total grain output is four times that of the early days of the people's Republic of China, two times that of the early 1970s Compared with the early days of reform and opening up, our grain output has reached three to four steps [Du Qinglin]: however, in accordance with the requirements of building a well-off society in an all-round way, our current agricultural production capacity is still weak compared with people's growing demand for agricultural products and needs to be strengthened [Du Qinglin]: in terms of improving the comprehensive agricultural production capacity, we should pay attention to the following problems: first, the shortage of cultivated land and fresh water resources As you know, the per capita cultivated land in our country is 1.43 mu, equivalent to 40% of the world average level, and the consumption of cultivated land resources is relatively large From 1996 to 2003, our cultivated land decreased by 100 million mu [Du Qinglin]: our country is also in short supply of fresh water resources The per capita fresh water resources are only 2200 cubic meters per year, equivalent to 1 / 4 of the world average level, and the spatial and temporal distribution is very uneven [Du Qinglin]: the second is the weak support ability of science and technology The contribution rate of agricultural science and technology to production is only about 45%, which is 20 to 30 percentage points lower than that of developed countries And the ability of science and technology promotion is relatively weak, and the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements is only about 30% [Du Qinglin]: for every 10000 people in the countryside, there are only 15 agricultural technicians, while there are 100 in Japan and 200 in Holland [Du Qinglin]: the third is the weak agricultural infrastructure Due to the lack of investment, the construction of infrastructure, such as farmland and water conservancy, has been in debt for many years At present, the intact rate of key buildings in the main irrigation area is less than 40%, and the matching rate is less than 70% [Du Qinglin]: the proportion of low and medium yield farmland accounts for 2 / 3 of the national cultivated land area [Du Qinglin]: Fourth, China's agriculture is faced with double pressures of natural risks and market risks Natural disasters happen frequently every year in our country From 1998 to 2003, the average annual food loss caused by natural disasters was about 100 billion jin Last year, it should be said that the climate conditions are the best in recent years In spite of this, the food loss caused by the disaster has reached 60 billion jin [Du Qinglin]: in terms of market risk, due to the price instability of some agricultural products, especially the price rise of agricultural means of production,