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If a heart attack sends a loud warning signal, the patient has a better chance of avoiding it
.
This is the idea behind a new imaging technology developed by a research team led by Sparta
Bryan Smith, an associate professor in the School of Engineering at Michigan State University, said: "We shine light into the arteries, where we have delivered some particles that can absorb light
.
" "As a product of this energy release, they can Respond to us in a way that we can detect and use to create 3D images
It should be noted that this kind of sound signal cannot be heard by human ears, but it is easily caught by the ultrasonic transducer
.
Thanks to Smith and his colleagues, this technique can now be used to directly image atherosclerotic plaques
The researchers demonstrated this new technology in mice, which is the first step in applying the technology to humans
.
The team published their findings in an article, which is now available online in the journal Advanced Functional Materials
"The power of our new technology lies in its selectivity," said Smith, the director of the Institute of Quantitative Health Sciences and Engineering (IQ) at Michigan State University's Transformational Nano-Immune Engineering Laboratory
.
"Of course there are other methods of imaging plaques, but the difference in this method is that it is cellular," Smith said
.
"We are particularly concerned about the cells called macrophages and monocytes, which are first and foremost the main cause of fragile plaques
Smith said that although it is difficult to prove whether a particular plaque is related to a patient's stroke or heart attack, the general view is that vulnerable plaque is the most dangerous
.
These inflammatory plaques can rupture and block blood vessels
In addition to fatty deposits, vulnerable plaques also contain a large number of immune cells, including many macrophages and monocytes
.
Smith and his colleagues have developed nanoparticles—small tubes made of carbon atoms—that can naturally and exclusively search for these cells
When the particles were injected into the mice, the researchers asked the test tube to look for specific immune cells that had gathered in the plaque
.
The researcher can then irradiate the artery with a laser
"If you compare normal blood vessels with plaque blood vessels, you will find that there are more macrophages and monocytes in the plaque blood vessels," Smith said
.
"Our method is actually to study monocytes and macrophages
.
In fact, no other types of cells will absorb nanoparticles
.
"
Smith said that the concept of light and sound coupling, the so-called photoacoustic effect, can be traced back to Alexander Graham Bell at the end of the 19th century
.
However, to develop from this idea to medical diagnosis, the development of key technologies such as laser and ultrasound is also needed
.
With the US Food and Drug Administration (Food and Drug Administration, referred to as fda) approved a photoacoustic imager for detecting breast cancer earlier this year, the technology is now mature
.
In the future, doctors may use Smith and his team's innovation in nanoparticles to image arterial plaque in a precise and non-invasive way
.
Researchers from Stanford University and Emory University joined Smith's project
.
"This exciting advancement in nanomedicine is made possible because of our multidisciplinary team of experts," said Elifer, a co-author of the project and assistant professor at Emory University School of Medicine and its Lowens Center for Human Immunity.
· Ghosn (Eliver Ghosn) said
.
Ghosn said: "Currently, there is no effective way to accurately locate and treat vulnerable plaques before they cause a heart attack or stroke
.
" "We hope our research can help change this
.
"
From a therapeutic point of view, Smith’s laboratory has also proven that they can use a drug to combat plaque to package nanoparticles
.
Next, the team will explore the use of these particles to help imaging and provide treatment
.
So you may ask, can you connect these ideas and develop a combination of treatment and diagnosis? I think the answer is definitely yes
.
"This field has great potential
.
It is in the making
.
"
DOI
10.
1002 / adfm.
202101005
Article title
Ultraselective Carbon Nanotubes for Photoacoustic Imaging of Inflamed Atherosclerotic Plaques
