For the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19, The Latest Research Progress in the Journal of Science (No. 3)

http://photos.!--.s---- July 28, 2020 /--- PRNewswire/ -- Since December 8, 2019, several cases of pneumonia with an unknown cause have been reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.most of the patients work or live near the local South China Seafood Wholesale Market.in the early stages of this pneumonia, severe symptoms of acute respiratory infections develop, and some patients develop rapidly into acute respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS, acute respiratory failure and other serious complications.January 7, 2020, the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identified a new type of coronavirus from a patient's pharynx sample, initially named 2019-nCoV by the World Health Organization (WHO).most patients with 2019-nCoV pneumonia have mild symptoms and a good prognosis.so far, some patients have developed severe pneumonia, pulmonary edema, ARDS or multiple organ failure and death.11 February 2020, WHO renamed the disease 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19).on the same day, the Coronary Virus Research Group of the International Committee on Virus Classification and Naming viruses published an article on bioRxiv, noting that the team had decided that the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV was a variant of the 2002-2003 outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV)., the new pathogen was renamed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, or SARS-CoV-2.note sharply, although the International Classification Board's Coronary Virus Study Group named the virus SARS-CoV-2, the team's chairman, John Ziebuhr, does not believe that the name (SARS-CoV-2) is associated with SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, also known as atypical pneumonia).however, the renaming of the virus has caused a lot of controversy.the World Health Organization is not satisfied with the name SARS-CoV-2 and does not intend to use it, science.com reported.coronavirus can cause multi-system infections in a variety of animals.had previously had six coronaviruses that could infect humans, mainly causing respiratory infections in humans: two highly deadly coronaviruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) and MERS coronaviruses (MERS-CoV);based on the serious harm caused by the outbreak in China and around the world, the small group combed through the 2019-nCoV/COVID-19 study published in the journal Science to reach readers.1.Science full-text compilation! Our scientists have structurally revealed a powerful therapeutic antibody and SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV mechanism doi: 10.1126/science.abc5881 According to the World Health Organization (WHO), as of June 8, 2020, the 2019 coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19) pandemic has caused more than 7 million infections in more than 200 countries/regions and caused death.the pathogen that caused the pandemic is an emerging coronavirus: SARS-CoV-2, which is associated with the closely related SARS-CoV, which belongs to the Coronavirus family of beta coronavirus. the stinging glycoprotein (S) located in the SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV envelopes has approximately 80% amino acid sequence consistency, and both viruses use human angiotensin conversion enzyme 2 (hACE2) to enter the host cell. cell entry is achieved through viral-receptor binding mediated by The S protein homologous tripolymer, followed by viral-host membrane fusion, where this binding is carried out through the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the S protein. destroys this key role of S proteins in infection establishment as the main goal of neutralizing antibodies, as well as therapeutic interventions and vaccine design. H014 is a therapeuticly valuable B-line coronavirus cross-neutralizing antibodies, pictured from Science, 2020, doi:10.1126/science.abc5881. THE RBD of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 has about 75% amino acid sequence consistency, so it is possible to find cross neutralizing antibodies targeting RBD. In a new study, , researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the University of Chinese Academy of Military Medicine, the Chinese Academy of Medicine and Drug Administration, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, the Beijing Concord Medical College, Beijing Shenzhou Cell Biotechnology Company and Beijing Yiju Shenzhou Technology Co., Ltd. used phage display technology to build an antibody bank that was produced from peripheral lymphocytes derived from mice immunized with recombinant SARS-CoVD. use SARS-CoV-2 RBD as a target for screening the phage antibody pool to find potential targets. will show antibodies bound to SARS-CoV-2 RBD as chimeric antibodies for further optimization and test their neutralactivity using a pseudo-viral system based on blister-based oral inflammatory virus (VSV). the results of the study, published online July 23, 2020 in the journal Science, are entitled "R.R.S. neutral for-fieldization of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV by a potent therapeutic antibody". 2.Science paper read in detail! The COVID-19 blockade has resulted in a 50 !--% reduction in global human-related Earth vibrations: page-!--:title-page"--doi: 10.1126/science.abd2438 in a new study from Belgium, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Austria, Austria, Researchers in Finland, the Netherlands, Germany, France, Ireland, Spain, Italy, Greece, Norway, Luxembourg, Romania, Mexico, the United States, Canada, Costa Rica, Bolivia, Peru, Chile, Turkey, Iran, Australia and New Zealand found that a decrease in human-related vibrations on Earth decreased by an average of 50 percent between March and May 2020 as a result of the embargo. this quiet period is likely to be the result of the global impact of social alienation measures, service and industrial closures, and falling travel and travel, the longest and most visible period of seismic noise on record. related findings were published online July 23, 2020 in the journal Science, with the title "Global quieting of high-frequency seismic noise due to COVID-19 pandemic lockdown measures". new study shows that human-induced "seismic noise" is weakening more pronounced in densely populated areas. relatively quiet environment allows scientists to listen to previously covered seismic signals, helping us to distinguish human-induced seismic noise from natural seismic noise more than ever before. "Since we started using a vast seismometer monitoring network to monitor the Earth in detail, this quiet period is probably the longest and greatest suppression of human-caused seismic noise," said dr. Stephen Hicks, co-author of the paper and a department of geosciences and engineering at Imperial College. our study uniquely highlights how much human activity affects the solid Earth, allowing us to see more clearly than ever the difference between humans and natural noise. "3.Science: A new study to track the spread rate and origin of the SARS-CoV-2 strain, which is prevalent in Brazil, and in a new study, researchers from Brazil, the United Kingdom, France and Belgium conducted a study aimed at tracking the spread rate and origin of the main SARS-CoV-2 strain currently circulating in Brazil. related findings published online July 23, 2020 in the journal Science, under the title "Evolution and Spread of SARS-CoV-2in Brazil." the researchers point out that initial efforts to slow the spread of the virus in Brazil appear to have been effective as a result of the efforts of local leaders--- but the COVID-19 outbreak is accelerating as the virus spreads to other parts of the country. used a variety of tools to learn more about the virus and why it spread so quickly. the first tool to analyse data on infection mobility, infection rates and deathdescribed across Brazil. they also include unreported deaths caused by COVID-19 but possibly caused by it--- most of which are only marked as severe acute respiratory infections. in the first part of the study, they used the data for model simulations. these models show that closing shops and schools in hot spots of the epidemic can slow the spread of the virus. but ignoring it will not be delayed. 4.Science: Building a more stable SARS-CoV-2 sting protein will help accelerate the development of the COVID-19 vaccine doi:10.1126/science.abd0826 in response to the need to rapidly develop billions of doses of life-saving COVID-19 vaccine, and researchers at the University of Texas at Austin in the United States have successfully redesigned a new type of SARS-CoV-2 key protein to make the world more stable. related findings were published online July 23, 2020 in the journal Science, under the title "Structure-based design of prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spikes". the associated authors are Jason McLellan, associate professor in the Department of Molecular Biosciences at the University of Texas at Austin, Ilya Finkelstein, associate professor in the Department of Molecular Biosciences at the University of Texas at Austin, and Jennifer A. Maynard, professor of chemical engineering at the University of Texas at Austin. the first author of the paper was Ching-Lin Hsieh, a postdoctoral researcher at McLellan Laboratories. images from Science, 2020, doi:10.1126/science.abd0826. most coronavirus vaccine candidates train the human immune system to identify a key protein on the surface of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the stinging protein (S), to fight infection. the authors designed a new version of the protein, which, when expressed in cells, produces 10 times as much protein as the synthetic pyrethroid protein that has been used earlier in a variety of COVID-19 vaccines. they also worked with colleagues at the U.S. National Institutes of Health to design an earlier version of the sting protein found in at least two COVID-19 candidate vaccines currently in U.S. clinical trials. this new version of the protein, called HexaPro, is also more stable than the earlier version of the prickly protein developed by the researchers, which should make it easier to store and transport. can maintain its shape even under heat stress, during storage at room temperature, and after multiple freezes and thaws. these characteristics are needed for a powerful vaccine. 5.Science: A detailed reading of the measures required to prevent the next pandemic and the economic costs of doi: 10.1126/science.abc3189 !--/ewebeditor: !-- webeditor:page title" - so far, COVID-19 has lost at least $2.6 trillion, and probably 10 times that figure. this is the largest pandemic in the world in 100 years. six months after its emergence, it has killed more than 600,000 people and is having a major impact on the global economy. "How much will it cost to prevent this from happening again?" asked Andrew Dobson, a professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at Princeton University in . What are the main actions that need to be taken to achieve this goal? He formed a research team with Stuart Pimm, a colleague at Duke University in the United States, to find out. now, the team published a policy forum article in the July 24, 2020 issue of the Journal of Science entitled "Ecology and economics for pandemic prevention". in this article, this is written by epidemiologists, wildlife biologists,