Five changes in China's agricultural management system after China's accession to the WTO

Introduction: after China's accession to WTO, the most affected and responsible agricultural sector is neither farmers nor agricultural enterprises, but the government government's management system and policy choice for agriculture Whether the government can adjust the agricultural policy and innovate the system in time determines the future trend of China's agriculture Now we only discuss the agricultural management system after China's accession to the WTO Generally speaking, it needs five changes Government functions: from regulation to serving FTT Although China has been reforming and opening up for more than 20 years, the regulatory behavior left behind in the era of planned economy is still very serious, and license, quota approval and plan management are still very popular Many local governments even plan how many acres of fruit to grow and how many pigs to raise when making rural planning Regulation not only leads to serious trade distortions (which are strictly prohibited by WTO rules), but also leads to a series of problems such as corruption caused by the use of "right Rent-seeking", friction between cadres and masses caused by excessive intervention and waste of resources caused by decision-making mistakes After FTT's accession to WTO, the government's function must be transformed from regulation to service, providing sufficient market information and marketing services, technology, promotion, training and consultation, disease and pest prediction and prediction, disaster relief, risk management, testing and inspection, infrastructure construction and other public products and services for rural areas, agriculture and farmers FTT administrative system: at present, the management of agriculture before, during and after production in China involves more than a dozen ministries and commissions Combined with regional blockade, a rigid pattern of sector division, industry monopoly and local protection has been formed, which not only leads to the high cost of policy formulation, implementation and coordination, but also leads to a great waste of product transaction costs The cost and competitive advantage of a product can be imagined after the intangible "coordination" of more than ten departments and regions from the field to the shelf Most of the developed countries' management and policies for each link of the agricultural industry chain come from a comprehensive agricultural management department, which is of great significance to the future reform of agricultural management system in China FTT decision-making mechanism: from autocracy to participation in FTT, the government should not only withdraw from excessive direct intervention, but also "do something, do nothing" Even in the field of the management, relevant industry associations should be involved If the associations in the fields of industry and Commerce have played a certain role in the relevant policy-making process at present, then the first agricultural reform, the reform of its decision-making process is the most backward, and the color of plan control is the most intense Although the central government has taken a series of measures to increase farmers' income and formulated a series of relevant policies, the effect is not obvious In recent years, China's GDP has maintained a growth rate higher than 7%, and the income of urban residents has also maintained a high growth rate However, since 1996, the growth of farmers' income has declined for five consecutive years, and the reasons have to cause our deep thinking In essence, behind all public policies, there are competitions among various interest groups, which are the result of the compromise of the interests of all parties If the process of policy-making does not involve the participation of relevant interest representatives, then the policy formulated is not only lack of sufficient decision-making support information, but also prone to interest discrimination, and it is difficult to reach policy consensus, thus increasing the difficulty of policy implementation Therefore, in order to implement the policy of increasing farmers' income, it is necessary to have farmers' own interest representatives to participate in the policy-making process Only in this decision-making mechanism can the increase of farmers' income and the protection of farmers' interests be finally reflected Of course, to form such a mechanism, we need not only the government's initiative to invite talents, but also the highly developed farmers' organizations and the well-trained leaders of the association FTT policies and regulations: from fuzzy to transparent, the transparency of FTT policies and regulations and their formulation process can increase consensus and improve implementation efficiency Concealing some major issues may bring short-term benefits, but in the long run, it will lose trade reputation There are clear provisions to increase the transparency of the system in the animal and plant quarantine provisions of the WTO agricultural agreement After China's accession to the WTO, it will have a great impact on the animal and plant quarantine system, other policies and regulations, and transparency requirements How to balance short-term interests and long-term interests requires the relevant departments to take countermeasures as soon as possible FTT Industrial Organization: from germination to expansion, with the promotion of trade liberalization, it will inevitably lead to the emergence and development of a large number of industry associations and agricultural enterprises, such as the well-known American Soybean Association, Grain Association and DuPont, Monsanto, Novartis, etc These non-governmental organizations not only play an effective role in organizing production and marketing activities and improving competitiveness, but also play the role of technology communication carrier and government governance carrier At the same time, in bilateral and multilateral trade negotiations, the interest and pressure from industry associations and other non-governmental organizations are often good excuses and chips for government negotiations It can be said that the competition of agricultural products in the international market is not only the competition of the price and quality of the products themselves, but also the competition of the organization, marketing means and management quality of the trade associations and large companies in various countries Compared with the large farms and large-scale agricultural companies in foreign countries and the well-trained, well coordinated and aggressive national industry associations, the small-scale peasant economy of our country is undoubtedly vulnerable In the process of promoting agricultural industrialization in the past few years, there have been many organizational forms of companies and associations, which to a certain extent improve the degree of organization of farmers and agriculture in China After China's accession to WTO, on the one hand, the government should cultivate large-scale agricultural enterprises through policies, encourage the formation of cross regional and even national industry associations; on the other hand, it should learn how to deal with these large-scale companies and industry associations This could be a big challenge for the government Because they can not only help the government to implement and implement industry policies, regulate industry behavior and improve the degree of organization, but also represent the interests of various industries Their willingness to participate in the decision-making process and their ability to lobby will grow The government must seek balance and compromise in the interest disputes among various interest groups In other words, the expression of the government's will in the macroeconomic policy will be restricted by many representatives of interest groups, which will weaken the government's ability of macroeconomic regulation and control In short, the government should not only encourage the formation of a large number of industry associations and large-scale agricultural enterprises, and gradually withdraw from pre agriculture, and give up many functions to these organizations, but also regulate the behavior of these organizations, and grasp the pace of withdrawal Too slow retreat and too much intervention in agriculture will slow down the process of economic and trade liberalization and fail to meet the requirements of the WTO framework; however, too fast retreat will leave too many vacuum areas in areas where the market mechanism is not yet sound, resulting in disorder of economic order FTT (author:) to feed Weibo to: