FASEB J: scientists have successfully revealed the mechanism of promoting diabetes and aging in the body

February 19, 2020 / BIOON / -- recently, a report was published in the FASEB Journal In the previous research report, scientists from Oregon State University and other institutions found that no matter how much pressure was exerted on mice through high-fat diet or vigorous exercise, mitochondria of mouse body cells can adapt to and continue to maintain their normal functions; relevant research results are of great significance for the study of various diseases, such as diabetes Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, these diseases are directly related to the removal of damaged mitochondria or the damage of mitochondria Photo source: cc0 public domain Mitochondria are the important organelles responsible for cell respiration and transforming nutrients into energy The abnormal function of mitochondria will lead to the generation of lower level energy, the increase of inflammation level and tissue damage level Even though we know that mitochondria are essential for the survival of organisms, the specific molecular mechanism of maintaining mitochondrial health is still unclear In this study, researchers solved the puzzle According to researcher Robinson, this study may help us optimize the collective health, such as the health of muscles and mitochondria, so as to promote the occurrence and progress of various diseases such as obesity and diabetes At the same time, researchers can also develop new strategies to help improve the function of mitochondria and maintain their health In this paper, the researchers studied the autophagy process, that is, the cell cycle aging mitochondrial Tachyon The autophagy process is thought to be damaged by high-fat diet or activated by exercise, so the researchers blocked the exercise-induced autophagy process in the mouse body for a period of time, and let the mice exercise continuously The researchers found that blocking the special pathway to activate autophagy may not have any negative effect on the function of mitochondria in mice muscle; finally, the researchers tried to increase the gamble, increase the high-fat diet while exercising to further increase the pressure of mitochondria in mice body The researchers said that even without autophagy pathway, mice can improve their mitochondrial function Yes, which suggests that mitochondria have an alternative pathway to stimulate their regeneration and adaptation The researchers are very curious about the mechanism of mitochondrial adaptive existence? If animals are given a high-fat diet, they will burn fat better If they are only allowed to exercise, they will produce more mitochondria, which is very beneficial from the perspective of exercise, and these adaptation mechanisms seem to be very special Later researchers will study human subjects to clarify how autophagy affects diet and exercise, especially obesity and diabetes Since weight is a major risk factor for diabetes, studies have shown that exercise is one of the strongest ways to help inhibit or reverse the occurrence of multiple diseases Ehrlicher, a researcher, said that even if the body weight does not change, exercise may be able to effectively improve the metabolic health of the body; if a person is obese, even a single exercise may also improve the metabolism of the body, so as to effectively promote the health of the body over time In the end, the researchers pointed out that the response of obese mice to nutrition and exercise was normal, which led the researchers to conclude that there was no obvious dysfunction or pathway interference to promote this phenomenon, and muscles only responded to the stimulation given, whether it was diet or exercise Original sources: Sarah E ehrlicher, Harrison D stierwalt, Benjamin F Miller, et al Miscellaneous adaptations to exercise do not require BCL2 ‐ mediated autophagy but occur with BNIP3 / Park activation, the FASEB Journal (2020) Doi: 10.1096/fj.201902594rr