Evidence of initial life formation on earth has been found that a synthetase accelerates protein synthesis

Prior to the emergence of cells on earth, simple, tiny catalysts were most likely to have the chemical reactions necessary to accelerate and synchronize the creation of life But how did these catalysts emerge at the same time, and how did they evolve into two modern super enzyme families? Researchers at the University of North Carolina School of medicine in the United States have provided direct experimental evidence for the first time on how primitive proteins have the ability to accelerate the central chemical reactions necessary to synthesize proteins, thus creating life The results are published in the journal biochemistry According to the physicist organization network, the research provides evidence that the two main super enzyme families that transform genetic code in modern biological evolution evolved from the opposite chains of the same ancestor gene Dr Charles Carter of the University of North Carolina said: "we found that an ancient gene might use two strands of its opposite DNA to encode two different active amino acid catalysts One is responsible for activating the amino acids needed in the protein and the other is responsible for activating the amino acids needed outside the protein " One of the major obstacles to life creation is how to speed up chemical reactions so that they can occur at the same rate within cells Generally, they not only react slowly, but also at different rates Chemical reactions that combine amino acids with adenosine triphosphate or ATP, a molecule that transports chemical energy within cells, are key to life formation This binding allows proteins to self assemble Without a catalyst, the binding reaction would be about a thousand times slower than any other step in protein synthesis In modern biological cells, there is a synthetase called aminoacyl tRNA, which can greatly accelerate this reaction In the designed experiment, Carter's team physically disassembled the synthetases to show the catalytic activity necessary for all synthetase families - which part of the ability to bind to ATP comes from The results showed that 46 amino acid chains accounted for only 5% to 10% of the total number of enzymes, but showed more than 40% activity Carter called these enzyme fragments "primary enzymes" The team found that the enzyme activity of "primary enzyme" was concentrated on the activation reaction with ATP This means that in the chemical transformation of protein formation, these enzymes can combine with the most unstable slow forming structure to form a tight complex Carter said that these enzyme complexes are necessary for the catalytic process of protein formation, and thus become the key to the formation of life on earth.