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Editor’s note iNature is China’s largest academic official account.
It is jointly created by the doctoral team of Tsinghua University, Harvard University, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other units.
The iNature Talent Official Account is now launched, focusing on talent recruitment, academic progress, scientific research information, interested parties can Long press or scan the QR code below to follow us
.
iNature prostate cancer (PCa) accounts for approximately 15% of all newly diagnosed cancers in men worldwide, and the global burden of disease continues to increase
.
Although diet and physical activity may provide some hope for secondary prevention, there are no evidence-based recommendations to provide healthy adult men with recommendations to reduce the risk of PCa
.
There is evidence that ejaculation frequency may be inversely related to the risk of prostate cancer (PCa)
.
Compared with men who report an average of 4-7 ejaculations per month (EPM), middle-aged men who report ≥ 21 EPM have a 50% lower risk of PCa
.
Although these initial findings are interesting, the risk reduction in ejaculation frequency was greatest in the time period prior to the questionnaire, which raised concerns about the potential impact of undiagnosed PCa on the outcome
.
On March 28, 2016, Harvard Medical School Jennifer R.
Rider and others published an online study titled "Ejaculation Frequency and Risk of Prostate Cancer: Updated Results with an Additional Decade of Follow-up" in European Urology (IF=20.
10) The paper, the study is a prospective cohort study of participants in the follow-up study of health professionals, using self-reported data on the average monthly ejaculation frequency
.
The study included 31,925 men who answered questions about ejaculation frequency in a 1992 questionnaire and continued until 2010
.
The average monthly ejaculation frequency was evaluated at three time points: 20-29 years old, 40-49 years old, and the questionnaire distribution in the previous year
.
The main result is the incidence of total PCa and clinically relevant disease subgroups.
The Cox model is used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI)
.
During 480,831 person-years, 3839 men were diagnosed with PCa
.
In a multivariate analysis, compared with 4-7 ejaculations per month, the risk ratio of PCa ≥21 at the age of 20-29 years was 0.
81 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.
72-0.
92; trend p <0.
0001) The hazard ratio and the incidence at 40-49 years of age was 0.
78 (95% CI 0.
69-0.
89; trend p <0.
0001)
.
In summary, the study found that adult men who report higher ejaculation frequency are less likely to be subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer than lower ejaculation frequency
.
Prostate cancer (PCa) accounts for approximately 15% of all newly diagnosed cancers in men worldwide, and the global burden of disease continues to increase
.
Although diet and physical activity may provide some hope for secondary prevention, there are no evidence-based recommendations to provide healthy adult men with recommendations to reduce the risk of PCa
.
The few established disease risk factors—age, race, family history, and germline polymorphism—are unchangeable
.
Sexual behavior represents a potentially changeable risk factor, and may affect the development of PCa through various specific mechanisms
.
One biological mechanism involves the accumulation of potentially carcinogenic secretions in the prostate, which may create more opportunities for the development of PCa, sometimes referred to as the prostate stagnation hypothesis
.
Based on this premise, the prospective report of the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) cohort published in 2004 found that based on an 8-year follow-up, there was a statistically significant negative correlation between monthly ejaculation frequency and PCa risk
.
Compared with men who report an average of 4-7 ejaculations per month (EPM), middle-aged men who report ≥ 21 EPM have a 50% lower risk of PCa
.
Although these initial findings are interesting, the risk reduction in ejaculation frequency was greatest in the time period prior to the questionnaire, which raised concerns about the potential impact of undiagnosed PCa on the outcome
.
To confirm and build on these results, the study performed an updated study in the HPFS cohort, adding 10 years of follow-up time and 3839 PCa cases, more than twice the number contained in the original report
.
This updated analysis allows the study to address possible reverse causality, investigate the potential impact of PSA screening, and determine whether the association between ejaculation frequency and PCa varies by clinical disease characteristics, as in other PCa risk factors As observed
.
Finally, since ejaculation frequency may be an indicator of health status and may be related to mortality caused by multiple causes, the current analysis considers the influence of competitive causes of death on the results of the study
.
Therefore, this updated analysis represents a comprehensive assessment of the association between ejaculation frequency and PCa in a large prospective cohort in the United States
.
The study is a prospective cohort study of participants in the follow-up study of health professionals, using self-reported data on the average monthly ejaculation frequency
.
The study included 31,925 men who answered questions about ejaculation frequency in a 1992 questionnaire and continued until 2010
.
The average monthly ejaculation frequency was evaluated at three time points: 20-29 years old, 40-49 years old, and the questionnaire distribution in the previous year
.
The main result is the incidence of total PCa and clinically relevant disease subgroups.
The Cox model is used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI)
.
During 480,831 person-years, 3839 men were diagnosed with PCa
.
In a multivariate analysis, compared with 4-7 ejaculations per month, the risk ratio of PCa ≥21 at the age of 20-29 years was 0.
81 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.
72-0.
92; trend p <0.
0001) The hazard ratio and the incidence at 40-49 years of age was 0.
78 (95% CI 0.
69-0.
89; trend p <0.
0001)
.
In summary, the study found that adult men who report higher ejaculation frequency are less likely to be subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer than lower ejaculation frequency
.
Reference message: https://
It is jointly created by the doctoral team of Tsinghua University, Harvard University, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other units.
The iNature Talent Official Account is now launched, focusing on talent recruitment, academic progress, scientific research information, interested parties can Long press or scan the QR code below to follow us
.
iNature prostate cancer (PCa) accounts for approximately 15% of all newly diagnosed cancers in men worldwide, and the global burden of disease continues to increase
.
Although diet and physical activity may provide some hope for secondary prevention, there are no evidence-based recommendations to provide healthy adult men with recommendations to reduce the risk of PCa
.
There is evidence that ejaculation frequency may be inversely related to the risk of prostate cancer (PCa)
.
Compared with men who report an average of 4-7 ejaculations per month (EPM), middle-aged men who report ≥ 21 EPM have a 50% lower risk of PCa
.
Although these initial findings are interesting, the risk reduction in ejaculation frequency was greatest in the time period prior to the questionnaire, which raised concerns about the potential impact of undiagnosed PCa on the outcome
.
On March 28, 2016, Harvard Medical School Jennifer R.
Rider and others published an online study titled "Ejaculation Frequency and Risk of Prostate Cancer: Updated Results with an Additional Decade of Follow-up" in European Urology (IF=20.
10) The paper, the study is a prospective cohort study of participants in the follow-up study of health professionals, using self-reported data on the average monthly ejaculation frequency
.
The study included 31,925 men who answered questions about ejaculation frequency in a 1992 questionnaire and continued until 2010
.
The average monthly ejaculation frequency was evaluated at three time points: 20-29 years old, 40-49 years old, and the questionnaire distribution in the previous year
.
The main result is the incidence of total PCa and clinically relevant disease subgroups.
The Cox model is used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI)
.
During 480,831 person-years, 3839 men were diagnosed with PCa
.
In a multivariate analysis, compared with 4-7 ejaculations per month, the risk ratio of PCa ≥21 at the age of 20-29 years was 0.
81 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.
72-0.
92; trend p <0.
0001) The hazard ratio and the incidence at 40-49 years of age was 0.
78 (95% CI 0.
69-0.
89; trend p <0.
0001)
.
In summary, the study found that adult men who report higher ejaculation frequency are less likely to be subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer than lower ejaculation frequency
.
Prostate cancer (PCa) accounts for approximately 15% of all newly diagnosed cancers in men worldwide, and the global burden of disease continues to increase
.
Although diet and physical activity may provide some hope for secondary prevention, there are no evidence-based recommendations to provide healthy adult men with recommendations to reduce the risk of PCa
.
The few established disease risk factors—age, race, family history, and germline polymorphism—are unchangeable
.
Sexual behavior represents a potentially changeable risk factor, and may affect the development of PCa through various specific mechanisms
.
One biological mechanism involves the accumulation of potentially carcinogenic secretions in the prostate, which may create more opportunities for the development of PCa, sometimes referred to as the prostate stagnation hypothesis
.
Based on this premise, the prospective report of the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) cohort published in 2004 found that based on an 8-year follow-up, there was a statistically significant negative correlation between monthly ejaculation frequency and PCa risk
.
Compared with men who report an average of 4-7 ejaculations per month (EPM), middle-aged men who report ≥ 21 EPM have a 50% lower risk of PCa
.
Although these initial findings are interesting, the risk reduction in ejaculation frequency was greatest in the time period prior to the questionnaire, which raised concerns about the potential impact of undiagnosed PCa on the outcome
.
To confirm and build on these results, the study performed an updated study in the HPFS cohort, adding 10 years of follow-up time and 3839 PCa cases, more than twice the number contained in the original report
.
This updated analysis allows the study to address possible reverse causality, investigate the potential impact of PSA screening, and determine whether the association between ejaculation frequency and PCa varies by clinical disease characteristics, as in other PCa risk factors As observed
.
Finally, since ejaculation frequency may be an indicator of health status and may be related to mortality caused by multiple causes, the current analysis considers the influence of competitive causes of death on the results of the study
.
Therefore, this updated analysis represents a comprehensive assessment of the association between ejaculation frequency and PCa in a large prospective cohort in the United States
.
The study is a prospective cohort study of participants in the follow-up study of health professionals, using self-reported data on the average monthly ejaculation frequency
.
The study included 31,925 men who answered questions about ejaculation frequency in a 1992 questionnaire and continued until 2010
.
The average monthly ejaculation frequency was evaluated at three time points: 20-29 years old, 40-49 years old, and the questionnaire distribution in the previous year
.
The main result is the incidence of total PCa and clinically relevant disease subgroups.
The Cox model is used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI)
.
During 480,831 person-years, 3839 men were diagnosed with PCa
.
In a multivariate analysis, compared with 4-7 ejaculations per month, the risk ratio of PCa ≥21 at the age of 20-29 years was 0.
81 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.
72-0.
92; trend p <0.
0001) The hazard ratio and the incidence at 40-49 years of age was 0.
78 (95% CI 0.
69-0.
89; trend p <0.
0001)
.
In summary, the study found that adult men who report higher ejaculation frequency are less likely to be subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer than lower ejaculation frequency
.
Reference message: https://
