Ensure seed source security and national food security

The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to "deeply implement the action of revitalizing the seed industry"
.

For the modernization of agriculture, seeds are the foundation
.
In recent years, all regions and departments have continued to strengthen their weaknesses and make up for their shortcomings, aiming at the selection and breeding of varieties, the promotion of fine seeds and other links, accelerating the revitalization of the seed industry, and firmly holding the seeds in their own hands
.

The increase in variety has given farmers more choice

In Tuyuan Town, Sucheng District, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province, the field is full of green wheat seedlings
.

"The wheat we chose this year is a new variety, and it is expected that the number of ears per acre can increase by 100,000 ears, and the yield per acre can be increased by more than 100 kilograms
.
" Zhuang Yunfei, a major grain farmer in Tuyuan Town, said
.

Zhuang Yunfei began to cooperate with Jiangsu Ruihua Agricultural Technology Co.
, Ltd.
in 2015 to breed new wheat varieties
in the form of orders.
"Ruihua's seeds are guaranteed
in terms of disease resistance and high yield.
" Lao Zhuang said, "By using seeds to plant the land, the benefits of
farming are getting better and better.
" ”

Not far from the wheat field of Laozhuang is the Jiangsu (Sucheng) modern agricultural (rice and wheat) science and technology comprehensive demonstration base
.
The test fields are neatly arranged, and the heads of the fields are planted with "identity tags"
indicating the varieties.

"The demonstration base is doing screening tests
for new varieties of high-quality, high-yield and disease-resistant wheat.
The company invests more than 10 million yuan in R&D every year, accounting for about 8%
of sales revenue.
Xia Zhonghua, general manager of Jiangsu Ruihua Agricultural Technology Co.
, Ltd.
, introduced that the company's latest selection and breeding of "Ruihua Mai 549" is expected to have an acre production capacity of 750 kg
.
The company has cooperated with more than 30 local grain growers, driving farmers to increase their income by more than 100 yuan
per mu.

In recent years, Sucheng District has vigorously promoted the construction of "Seed Source Sucheng", investing about 50 million yuan in breeding innovation research and development every year, building a germplasm resource bank of 2,000 cubic meters, collecting and storing more than 30,000 germplasm resources, and realizing self-sufficiency
in major crop varieties.

"Golden seeds" allow farmers to spend less and more food, and the abundance of new varieties also gives grain farmers more choices
.

In midwinter, the wheat field outside Laozhang Village, Juqiao Town, Qibin District, Hebi City, Henan Province, is full of greenery, and Wang Guoxiang, a major grain farmer, is squatting in the wheat field to fiddle with the wheat seedlings and check the growth of
the wheat.

On the more than 200 acres of land contracted by Wang Guoxiang, this year's wheat "Bainong 4199"
was planted.
Wang Guoxiang has a lot of treasures about the characteristics of this variety: "High photosynthetic efficiency, high light saturation point, low compensation point, both strong and weak light resistance, but also disease resistance, lodging resistance, high temperature
resistance.
" He introduced to reporters in detail, "Although the yield of this variety is not the highest, after a few years of trial, it has the characteristics of stable yield and early maturity, and is the most suitable for large-scale planting
.
" ”

Wang Guoxiang, who has been crawling in the farmland for more than 20 years, has a deep understanding of the importance of seeds: "Although the more than 300 acres of land I have circulated are contiguous, the cultivated land itself is very different, some plots are a little drier, some plots are not fertile enough, some plots are far from the water source, and all plots can only grow the same variety before, and the yield cannot be guaranteed
。 Nowadays, with the development of the seed industry, more than a dozen new varieties will appear on the market every year, and Wang Guoxiang can choose different varieties to plant according to the actual situation of the land, "drought-resistant varieties are planted in dry plots, and water-resistant varieties are planted in plots with poor drainage, so that the output of each mu of land can be maximized, which was unimaginable in the past
.
" ”

More and more farmers are realizing the importance of
seeds.
In recent years, the Hebi Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has insisted on taking the seed industry as the basis for high-quality agricultural development, and the coverage rate of improved crops, livestock and poultry in the city has reached more than
98%.

Good seeds produce good grain, and the development of the seed industry strongly supports the bumper grain harvest
year after year.
At present, China's rice, wheat and soybean production varieties are all independently selected, and the proportion of corn self-selected varieties has increased from 85% to 91%.

Unified seed supply and good land support to ensure that farmers increase production and income

This autumn harvest, the soybean corn belt compound planting demonstration site in Dazhou Village, Xindian Town, Yucheng City, Shandong Province, after technical personnel actually harvested, removed impurities and measured moisture, the actual yield of corn mu was 633.
8 kg, and the yield of soybean mu was 165.
1 kg, which reached the expected goal of "corn production basically not reduced, increasing the income of one season of beans", and the average net income of farmers per mu was more than
330 yuan.

The selection of good seeds is the key to
increasing production and improving quality at demonstration sites this year.
Gai Junyi, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that "Qi Huang 34" is a very suitable soybean variety for Yucheng planting, and Yucheng demonstration and promotion of soybean corn belt compound planting area of 134,600 mu
.

How do good seeds reach thousands of households? Yucheng's practice is to make a unified offering
.

Li Chengqiang, deputy director of Yucheng Municipal Agriculture and Rural Bureau, said: "Promoting soybean corn belt compound planting and unified seed supply can ensure seed quality and facilitate the rational layout
of varieties.
”

In the fall of 2021, Yucheng City signed a purchase agreement with Shandong Shengfeng Seed Industry Technology Co.
, Ltd.
for the "Qihuang 34" variety to reserve good seeds
for soybean and corn belt compound planting.
"'Qi Huang 34' is shade-resistant, and it is not easy to fry pods, and the pods are high, suitable for machine harvesting
.
" Li Chengqiang said that not only that, the yield and quality of this variety are good, and the protein content is more than
42%.

After the new varieties are popularized and planted, good land and good skills are needed to maximize the efficiency
of seeds.

Yucheng implements the construction of standardized good fields throughout the city to realize the deep integration
of man, machine and field.
10 teams, including the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Sichuan Agricultural University, set up more than 200 soybean experimental fields in Yucheng to help scientific and technological workers experiment with appropriate planting methods and technologies
when developing and promoting improved seeds.
Li Chengqiang said: "Through breeding to increase soybean yield, increase added value, and increase farmers' enthusiasm for planting, there is great potential
for the revitalization of the soybean industry.
" ”

Allowing farmers to see for themselves the benefits of good seeds is also key to
promoting seeds.

In Hao Village, Xiaoji Town, Xinxiang County, Henan Province, Jiang Guotian, a major grain farmer, planted 90 mu of soybeans this year, using a new variety of "Zhou Bean 25"
.

"The mu output reached 450 jin, an increase of 40 jin compared with last year, and an increase of 128 yuan
.
" Jiang Guotian said, "This summer, it was rainy, and the seeds came late, but I really didn't expect to be able to increase production and income, which is all the credit of good seeds
.
" ”

"Zhou Dou 25" is a soybean variety
promoted by Henan Kelin Seed Industry Company.
The company first set up demonstration sites and experimental fields in Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places, and farmers can see the effect
of increasing yield in the experimental fields.
At the same time, through the production technical services, the company teaches farmers
supporting cultivation technologies such as increasing the application of bottom fertilizer and strengthening medium-term chemical control.
After taking these measures, the yield of "Zhou Dou 25" has been among the best in the promotion area for three consecutive years, and has achieved good economic and social benefits
.

In the past five years, the planting area of China's grain crops, including rice, wheat, corn and soybeans, has been stable at more than 21.
5 million mu, with an average annual output of more than 9 billion kilograms of
seeds.

The policy plays a combined fist to promote the high-quality development of the seed industry throughout the chain

With excellent rice quality, good taste and high yield, the high-quality rice series varieties bred by Jiangxi Red One Industry Technology Co.
, Ltd.
have won a good reputation in the market
.
"Previously, our R&D and testing results were good, and we planned to expand the scale of planting, but we had difficulties for funds, and thanks to the successful loan of 9 million yuan from the 'Caiyuan Credit Connect', we solved our urgent need
.
" Peng Chao, the head of the company, said
.

The policy is powerful, so that the enthusiasm of all kinds of main sports and varieties is effectively improved
.

"I planted more than 110 acres of rice this year, because of the good seeds and careful management of science, the mu has yielded more than 1,000 catties
.
" Deng Kaiqi, a major grain farmer in Chen Liudian Village, Wucheng Town, Tongbai County, Henan Province, said
.

The autumn grain planting area in Tongbai County has remained above 460,000 mu all year round, with a total output of 184,000 tons, but since this year's wheat harvest, the county has continued to be drought
.
In order to mitigate the impact of drought on autumn grain production, the county allocated special work funds to support the introduction of new varieties such as rice, corn and soybeans; Build 8 grassroots agricultural technology extension regional stations throughout the county, and select more than 80 scientific and technological personnel to guide demonstration households on new variety cultivation techniques; At the same time, we have strengthened production supervision, ensured the quality of varieties, severely cracked down on fake and shoddy varieties, purified the seed market, and safeguarded the interests of farmers.

Aim at the whole industrial chain to make precise efforts, strengthen the collection and protection of germplasm resources, and consolidate the foundation of the granary of a large country
.

"Agricultural germplasm resources are the source of seed source safety and original scientific and technological innovation in the seed industry, and effective conservation is crucial
.
" Li Lihui, director of the Germplasm Resources Center of the Crop Science Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, introduced that in recent years, the protection and utilization of crop germplasm resources in China has achieved positive results, and the quality of preservation ranks first in the world, and 530,000 germplasm resources have been preserved, of which China's endemic local varieties and wild resources account for 70% of the total, rich in genetic diversity and specificity, and have great
potential for use.

At present, the field task of national germplasm resources census is being completed, and 120,000 copies of agricultural germplasm resources, 330,000 copies of livestock and poultry genetic materials and 50,000 copies of aquatic genetic materials have been collected
.
Carry out innovative research in the seed industry, and examine and approve a number of green, special and salinity-tolerant wheat varieties
.

Accelerating the revitalization of the seed industry is inseparable from the leading enterprises
.
In August this year, the General Office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the "Notice on Supporting the Development of National Seed Industry Formation Enterprises", selecting 69 crops, 86 livestock and poultry, and 121 aquatic seed enterprises from nearly 30,000 seed enterprises, so as to improve and strengthen a number of leading companies in the seed industry and accelerate the building of a backbone force for the revitalization of the seed industry
.

The reporter learned from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs: In the next step, China will deeply implement the action of upgrading seed bases, accelerate the construction of modern seed bases, improve the breeding and emergency support system of fine seeds, realize the independent and controllable source of important agricultural products, ensure the safety of agricultural production seeds, ensure the security of seed supply and national food security
.

(Edited by Li Chuang)