【EMBO J】Receptor kinase FERONIA: how plants recognize "enemy" and "friend"

Recently, the internationally renowned journal The EMBO Journal published online a research paper titled "Plant immunity suppression via PHR1‐RALF‐FERONIA shapes the root microbiome to alleviate phosphate starvation" by Prof.
Yu Feng's group from the School of Biology, Hunan University, reporting phosphorus-responsive transcription.
The factor PHR1 inhibits Arabidopsis immunity, recruits beneficial microorganisms, and promotes the mechanism of plant phosphorus uptake by regulating the Arabidopsis RALF-FERONIA receptor kinase pathway
.

DOI: https:// doi: 10.
15252/embj.
2021109102 There are many differences between plant root immunity and leaf immunity
.

The roots are constantly in contact with a large number of microorganisms, and the roots need to recognize and prevent the infestation of harmful microorganisms, while recruiting the colonization of beneficial microorganisms
.

The root also adjusts its immune system to affect the root microbiome according to changes in the internal and external environment
.

There are few reports on the genes and signaling pathways that regulate the plant microbiome
.

In response to phosphate starvation, plants shape the root microbiome to alleviate phosphorus starvation in Arabidopsis (Isidra-Arellano et al, 2021; Finkel et al, 2019; Castrillo et al, 2017; Hiruma et al, 2016)
.

Among them, the low phosphorus-responsive transcription factor PHR1 plays a key role in this process (Castrillo et al, 2017)
.

This study found that in Arabidopsis, PHR1 directly binds to the promoters of several rapid alkalizing factors (RALFs) genes and activates their expression under phosphorus starvation conditions
.

RALF encodes a class of polypeptide hormones that inhibit plant immunity by binding to its receptor FERONIA (FER) kinase, inhibiting the formation of pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) receptor complexes, ultimately recruiting specific microorganisms, relieving Phosphorus starvation
.

Previously, the research group has reported that FER mutants regulate the colonization of the beneficial bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens in the rhizosphere and promote plant growth (Song et al.
, 2021)
.

Combined with this work we show that in FER mutants, the rhizosphere recruits more beneficial (growth-promoting and phosphorus uptake) microorganisms
.

Interestingly, Feng Yu's group previously reported that FER mutants enhanced resistance to the harmful pest, Rhizoma nematode (Zhang et al.
, 2021)
.

 Molecular mechanism of PHR1 regulation of Arabidopsis RALF-FERONIA receptor kinase pathway The above work provides new material for the interesting topic of how plant roots recognize and prevent harmful microorganisms while recruiting beneficial microorganisms
.

Tang Jing, a doctoral student at Hunan University, and Dr.
Wu Dousheng, an associate professor, are the first authors of the paper
.

Dr.
Wang Lifeng from Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Dr.
Li Xiaoxu from China Tobacco Hunan and Dr.
Devin Coleman-Derr from the University of California, Berkeley, participated in this research
.

Feng Yu's research group recruits postdoctoral fellows and research assistants from the School of Biology, Hunan University.
Feng Yu's research group comprehensively utilizes plant systems such as Arabidopsis thaliana, rice, weeds, etc.
, focusing on the direction of root biology and RNA biology regulated by receptor kinase RLK to carry out innovative research Explore
.

Due to the needs of scientific research projects, the research group recruits 2-3 post-doctoral researchers and 2 research assistants, and sincerely invites outstanding young scholars to join us! Postdoctoral job requirements 1.
Excellent doctoral candidates with research backgrounds in RNA biology, bioinformatics, structural biology, agronomy, microbiology, etc.
are urgently needed to join; 2.
Fresh doctoral graduates or have already obtained a doctorate degree, and the doctorate degree is generally obtained within 3 years 3.
Have good research potential, academic ethics and comprehensive ability; 4.
Be under 35 years old; 5.
Work diligently, think positively, and be interested in using biology and a variety of interdisciplinary knowledge to explore the unknown of the interaction between plants and the environment sexuality and grow into an excellent young scientist
.

Support and Guarantee 1.
The school provides 150,000, 230,000, 330,000 three-level subsidy and 1,800 yuan/month rent subsidy, as well as Changsha rental and housing subsidy (according to the policy, 90,000 yuan for domestic graduates and 16 for foreign graduates) million)
.

2.
The school calculates the working years during the station, and the working time of postdoctoral personnel who have no work experience before entering the station will be calculated from the date of entering the station
.

3.
The indicators for identifying associate research fellows during the postdoctoral period are listed separately
.

4.
Hunan University specially set up the "Outstanding Postdoctoral Fellow" award
.

The selected candidates can directly apply for the post of teacher associate professor after leaving the station
.

Those who are selected into the "Postdoctoral Innovative Talent Support Program", "Postdoctoral International Exchange Program" (introduced and dispatched projects) or postdoctoral talent projects of the same level of competition and have outstanding research results will be directly selected as "Outstanding Postdoctoral" after leaving the station.
The school's source ratio is limited
.

5.
Enjoy the same scientific research achievement reward of Hunan University teachers
.

During the station period, they can settle in our school and enjoy the same treatment as the children of Hunan University faculty and staff entering kindergarten (provincial model kindergarten) and enrolling (bilingual experimental primary and secondary schools); )
, etc.

Research Assistant Job Responsibilities and Requirements 1.
Undergraduate and master degrees in biology, molecular biology, and agronomy; have good communication and coordination skills and teamwork spirit, be dedicated to work, have a sense of responsibility, and work steadfastly; have enthusiasm for scientific research and can Long-term stable work
.

2.
Fresh graduates or have obtained a bachelor's or master's degree; 3.
Have good scientific research potential, academic ethics and comprehensive ability; 4.
Diligent work, positive thinking, and SCI papers are preferred; 5.
Responsible for part of the financial affairs of the laboratory 6.
Excellent candidates can be given priority to be admitted to the laboratory as a master or doctoral student, or to be hired as a long-term permanent staff member of the laboratory
.

Salary and benefits are implemented in accordance with the relevant policies and regulations of Hunan University, and according to the specific circumstances of individuals, competitive salaries and benefits are provided, and five insurances and one housing fund are provided
.

 How to apply If you are interested, please send your resume to your mailbox, and the application materials will be kept confidential.
We will organize an interview as soon as possible for those who meet the requirements
.

 feng_yu@hnu.
edu.
cn References 1.
Castrillo G, Teixeira PJPL, Herrera Paerdes S, Law TF, de Lorenzo L, Feltcher ME, Finkel OM, Breakfield N, Mieczkowski P, Jones CD, et al (2017) Direct integration of phosphate starvation and immunity in response to a root microbiome.
Nature 543: 513–5182.
Finkel OM, Salas-González I, Castrillo G, Spaepen S, Law TF, Teixeira PJPL, Jones CD & Dangl JL (2019) The effects of soil phosphorus content on plant microbiota are driven by the plant phosphate starvation response.
PLoS Biology 17: e30005343.
Hiruma K, Gerlach N, Sacristán S, Nakano RT, Hacquard S, Kracher B, Neumann U, Ramírez D, Bucher M, O' Connell RJ, et al (2016) Root endophyte colletotrichum tofieldiae confers plant fitness benefits that are phosphate status dependent.
Cell 165: 464–4744.
Isidra-Arellano MC, Delaux PM &Valdés-López O (2021) The phosphate starvation response system: its role in the regulation of plant–microbe interactions.
Plant and Cell Physiology 1: 1–95.
Raghothama KG & Karthikeyan AS (1999) Phosphate acquisition.
Annual review of plant physiology and plant molecular biology 50: 665–6936.
Song YI, Wilson AJ, Zhang XC, Thoms D, Sohrabi R, Song S, Geissmann Q, Liu Y, Walgren L, He SY et al (2021) FERONIA restricts Pseudomonas in the rhizosphere microbiome via regulation of reactive oxygen species.
Nat Plants 5: 644 – 654.
7.
Zhang X, Peng H, Zhu S, Xing J, Li X, Zhu Z, Zheng J, Wang L, Wang B, Chen J et al (2020) Nematode-encoded RALF peptide mimics facilitate parasitism of plants through the FERONIA receptor kinase.
Mol Plant 13: 1434 – 1454.
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