ELife: new achievements! Two oncogenes may work together to promote cancer metastasis

January 19, 2020 / BIOON / -- recently, an international magazine published in eLife In the previous research report, scientists from Stanford University and other institutions found that the oncogene named myc and Twist1 can "pull" the immune cells of the body to promote the spread of cancer cells, block this key step or effectively inhibit the progress of cancer The results of relevant research may help clinical researchers identify the risk of cancer metastasis in patients, which is expected to help Help to develop new therapies to inhibit cancer metastasis Photo source: renumathy, cc0 public domain researcher Dr dhanasekaran said that many cancer-related deaths are caused by cancer metastasis, but there is no effective means to inhibit cancer metastasis at present In this study, our main goal is to understand how oncogenes promote cancer metastasis, and how to use relevant research results to identify targeted therapies that inhibit cancer progress In this paper, the researchers genetically engineered mice to express both myc and Twist1 genes The researchers found that these two major oncogenes can cause cancer metastasis In addition, the researchers also found that cancer cells can produce pro-inflammatory molecules, Cl2 and IL13, which can attract macrophages and make them friendly to tumor cells, which may further allow the tumor to escape immune monitoring and migrate to the far end of the body; later, the researchers will induce hepatoma by Myc Mice exposed to Cl2 and IL13 can promote cancer metastasis in mice, but blocking specific cytokine combinations can effectively block the process of cancer metastasis To see whether these two genes (myc and Twist1) can promote cancer metastasis in human body, the researchers analyzed 100 million tumor samples from 33 different types of human cancer, and found that carrying myc and Twist1 and patients may not be easy to survive, and the body will produce a large number of Cl2 and IL13, tumors The level of macrophages in tissues was also relatively high Researcher Dean Interestingly, Dr felsher said, previous researchers have found that myc and Twist1 can work together in a positive way to regulate the expression of inflammation during embryonic development, and this change of microenvironment may promote the migration of mesodermal cells to their destinations However, in many human cancers, myc and Twist1 genes are overexpressed, and then by blocking the migration process of embryonic cells To promote tumor progression and spread Finally, the researchers analyzed the levels of Cl2 and IL13 in 25 patients with liver cancer and 10 patients with liver cirrhosis as controls They found that these two molecules only increased in patients with liver cancer, and patients with high levels of IL13 molecules were more likely to develop into malignant tumors ; relevant research results show that patients with more aggressive cancer may have high levels of CCL2 and IL13 cytokines in their blood; in the future, the detection of these cytokines may help to identify which cancer patients can benefit from targeted therapy Original sources: renumaty dhanasekaran, Virginia baylot, minsoon Kim, et al Myc and Twist1 cooperate to drive metastasis by delivering crosstalk between cancer and innate immunity, eLife (2020) Doi: 10.7554/elife.50731