Drop blood test cancer or come true! Science sub-journal reports that personalized blood tests accurately detect tumor DNA in the blood.

, June 23, 2020 /PRNewswire/-- Many cancer
s, especially early ones, can be treated with the removal of tumorsBut even aftertumorremoved, cancer cells are still likely to remain in the body and the cancer will returnCurrently, patients undergo regular check-ups, scans and blood tests so that doctors can monitor their condition and decide whether further treatment is neededbut more and more doctors are making treatment decisions based on genomic information about a patient's tumor DNAEveryone's DNA is unique and, more importantly, each tumor is genetically uniqueBy sorting a person'stumorsamples or biopsies, doctors can begin to understand what happens to DNA changes and lead to cancer growthThis approach allows them to choose treatments that are more appropriate for patients in a personalized wayand a new study goes one step furtherThe researchers found that a personalized blood test can be very sensitive to detecttumors in a person's blood
DNA This new method can be used to develop treatment plans for patients to help prevent cancer recurrence past studies have shown that in cancer patients, dna released by cancer oustumors can be found in their blood, called circulatory tumors
DNA Given that cancer DNA contains mutations, which makes it different from other DNA molecules found in the blood, this provides an exciting new way to monitor cancer through blood tests Picture Source: Science Translational Medicine However, detecting circulating tumor DNA in the blood is as difficult as finding a needle in a haystack After early cancer patients or tumors removed, the concentration of DNA derived from cancer in the blood may be very low, making current methods used for clinical testing difficult to detect in a recent study published in Science Translational Medicine, researchers showed that when we compare circulating tumor DNA with a genome map tumor, it can be detected in the blood with very high sensitivity This allows us to know exactly which mutations are being found in the blood in a way that is personalized for each patient some tumors may have hundreds of mutations Each patient's mutation list provides a number of different goals for cancer detection in the blood, allowing us to effectively search for many different circulating tumor DNA molecules Researchers have developed a method of calculating how many pieces of DNA in the blood can be viewed based on the patient's tumor mutation It can carefully scan many OF the DNA molecules in the blood to detect signs of mutations tumors researchers found that this personalized sequencing method allows one or more pieces of DNA with mutations to be detected from one million pieces of DNA in the blood Compared to the previous method, the sensitivity of this method is increased by about 10 times researchers used this method to study blood samples from different types of early and advanced cancer patients, including melanoma , lung cancer and breast cancer Patients with early-stage diseasehaves have lower blood cancer DNA concentrations, as do postoperative patients people with brain or kidney tumors have lower levels of cancer DNA in their blood than other types of cancer patients These types of tumors appear to release fewer DNA molecules into the bloodstream, although the cause remains unclear Despite these low levels, the researchers also showed that their methods could detect higher sensitivity than other methods personalized blood tests
these sensitive, personalized blood tests may be useful for tracking cancer patients after surgery This is because some patients may have cancer cells left in their bodies after surgery, which means that their cancer is more likely to recur these patients may have very low levels of DNA circulating in the blood of these patients Being able to more accurately identify patients at high risk of recurrence, or to detect recurrence earlier, can help determine which patients may need additional treatment after surgery This assumption still needs to be validated in future trials because this method searches for many mutations, rather than one, it can help detect signals, even in small volumes of blood So the researchers wanted to know if this highly sensitive method could be used to detect even a drop of blood This can be done not only to reduce detection costs, but also to provide a new approach to cancer surveillance Picture Source: Researchers at Science Translational Medicine found that when they analyzed sequencing data equivalent to a drop of blood, their method sates still measure the level of DNA from the tumor source dna in the blood, although the sensitivity is not identical Combined with their recently demonstrated method of extracting DNA sequences from dry blood points, the researchers believe it is possible to detect cancer levels in the blood from needle-to-blood blood samples This can even be done at home in the future and patients' condition can be monitored more frequently between visits It can also help people who are away from cancer specialist centers expand access to cancer diagnosis in recent years, personalized cancer blood tests -- sometimes referred to as "liquid biopsies" -- have made significant progress in detecting tumor DNA Now, the company is providing personalized testing for research In clinical settings, blood-based cancer analysis has been approved for use in cases where tumors samples tumor sequencing and personalized blood tests complement each other: they allow doctors to monitor very small tumor with higher sensitivity These highly sensitive personalized cancer tests are an emerging field of medicine and are likely to continue (BioValleyBioon.com) References: Cancer treatment: personalised blood tests can detect DNA from from the body - new research
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Science Translational Medicine 17 Jun 2020: Vol 12, Issue 548, eaaz8084 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz8084
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