Different metabolisms or body types require different dietary plans

't have a healthy diet that works for everyone - a study of the metabolic effects of factors such as genes, microbiome and lifestyle shows that people respond differently to food, so everyone needs a personalized diet plan.
asked 1,102 healthy volunteers to eat exactly the same food for two weeks and measure their metabolic responses. The results show that people are very different, even up to 10 times, which means that a healthy diet that is good for one person may not be healthy for another. The findings were published recently in Nature Medicine.
"Everyone reacts differently to the same food." Tim Spector, a geneticist at King's College London, said. Spector and colleagues measured glucose, insulin and triglyceride levels in the subjects' blood. High levels of these three substances after meals are one of the risk factors for obesity, while people with spikes in blood sugar and triglycerides after meals are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
team also tracked the subjects' sleep, movement and hunger levels, and collected stool samples to test their gut microbes. Spector expects to find an ingredient that has a strong genetic effect on metabolic responses, but very little is actually found. The subjects included several identical twins who also showed very different reactions to the same meal.
"this tells us directly that genes don't play a major role. "For example, our response to high-fat foods is almost entirely unaffected by genetic factors. His team found that only about 30 percent of glucose reactions are genetic.
fact, other factors are more important. Spector said that gut microbes, circadian rhythms, sleep and exercise, as well as eating time, are also important, with some people having better ability to metabolize food in the morning and others having no difference in their ability to metabolize food through the day.
suggest that tailoring a healthy diet plan for an individual is more effective than recommending a "one size fits all" healthy diet.
" results can be surprising. Spector said. He says he's been eating tuna and sweet corn sandwiches for years, arguing that they're good for his health. But recently Spector found that his metabolic response to the diet was very bad.
Spector team has also developed an artificial intelligence tool to predict people's reactions to food, based on genes, gut microbes, exercise and sleep patterns, and metabolic responses to food. A British company called Zoe has begun consumer testing of the tool and has developed a mobile app, which is scheduled to be released in the US next month and in the UK later this year.
"This is a very exciting study. Bernadette Moore, of the University of Leeds, said: "What really matters to me is that the team tested the twins, so they had a very good design to test genetics. But she says much remains to be done to fully understand how individuals respond to food.
" study is impressive. "This initial discovery will shape the future of nutritional science," said Iannis Mavrommatis of St. Mary's University in London. (Source: China Science Daily Wenle)
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