Diagnosed with advanced lung cancer You have these treatment options

World Cancer Day is held every year on 4 February.
was launched in 2000 by the International Alliance against Cancer (UICC) to advocate for new ways to promote cooperation among organizations and accelerate progress in areas such as cancer research, prevention and treatment for the benefit of humanity.
2021, the theme of the International Alliance against Cancer (UICC) World Cancer Day is "Caring for Patients and Fighting Cancer Together (I Am and I Will)."
, the world's latest cancer report data, the world's new cases of breast cancer as high as 2.26 million cases, more than 2.2 million cases of lung cancer, the world's largest cancer.
, however, lung cancer still tops the morbidity and mortality rate in China, with 710,000 deaths from lung cancer in 2020, accounting for 23.8% of all cancer deaths.
most people "talk about cancer color change" when they mention cancer.
diagnosed with lung cancer, you may panic and lose hope for your life.
in recent years, as researchers have become more and more aware of lung cancer, the weapons for treating lung cancer are emerging, and lung cancer is no longer terminal.
years when the level of care was lagging behind, you have a lot of treatment options, especially with the emergence of molecularly targeted and immunotherapy, and lung cancer has moved into the era of precision therapy.
traditional treatments: surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, three-plate axes for the vast majority of people who have not been exposed to cancer, cancer treatment is still stuck in surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy three traditional cognition.
even today, we can still hear from a lot of people, "What's the best way not to operate?" Such a statement.
, the traditional three-plate axe remains the most widely used weapon in cancer treatment.
In the past two decades, China's surgical treatment technology has made rapid progress, in most provincial or regional medical centers, VATS (thoracic laparoscopic surgery) and other minimally invasive methods are widely used in conventional cases.
some early cancer patients can be cured by surgery alone.
, the vast majority of tumors can also be properly staged through surgery.
the surgery can represent the stage of the tumor is not very late, but in the clinic suitable for surgical treatment of patients only 20%-30%, stage III-IV small cell lung cancer patients due to the improvement in survival after surgery is not obvious, not recommended for surgical treatment.
chemotherapy is the use of drugs to destroy cell proliferation, the faster the proliferation of cells, the more likely it is to be killed by chemotherapy drugs.
Because small cell lung cancer is sensitive to chemotherapy drugs, the combined chemotherapy program of the Eposide combined cisplatin (EP) has been the first chemotherapy program in small cell lung cancer since the 1980s.
side effects such as nausea, vomiting, anemia and low plateboard are also painful for many patients.
combination of platinum-containing chemotherapy can extend the survival of patients, but the prognostics of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still extremely poor, with a five-year survival rate of less than 15%.
different from chemotherapy, radiotherapy is a local treatment that uses radiation from different abilities to irradiated tumors to kill cancer cells.
radiotherapy is one of the better treatments for patients with advanced lung cancer who cannot choose surgery.
single radiation therapy can improve the mid-October survival of patients with stage III and IV non-small cell lung cancer, but the five-year survival rate is less than 5%.
because of its limited efficacy, clinically more associated with other treatments.
advantages and disadvantages of cancer treatment, but for improving the quality of life of cancer patients and allowing patients to live longer, these treatments are far from enough.
is precisely because of the active exploration of therapeutic weapons, more efficient treatment methods came into being.
-targeted therapy: the full name of the treatment of lung cancer targeted treatment like a target is "molecular targeted drug therapy", "target" is some special molecules on tumor cells, and the treatment is the use of targeted therapy drugs to attack specific target molecules on tumor cells.
2004 discovery of the skin growth factor (EGFR) gene in non-small cell lung cancer brought us highly sensitive and effective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) for EGFR mutations.
the emergence of the echinothelioma-related sample protein-4-variant lymphoma kinase (EML4-ALK) fusion gene in 2007 has brought new effective targets for the molecular development of lung cancer.
currently several lung cancer molecular targets and their targeted drugs are being studied.
EGFR mutation rate in non-small cell lung cancer is about 10% in North America and Western Europe, and 30%-50% in East Asia, including China, especially among Asian populations, women, non-smokers, adenocarcinoma, EGFR mutation rate is as high as 70%-80%.
the first generation of targeted drugs on the market, targeted therapy has been refreshing the field of lung cancer treatment peak.
EGFR-TKI already listed in our country includes the first generation of Giftonini, Elodini and Ektini, the second generation of Afatini and Dacotini, and the third generation of Oghidini and Amedini.
past, several large-scale clinical studies have fully demonstrated that the first- and second-generation EGFR-TK inhibitors used in patients with EGFR-sensitive mutations can significantly improve objective remission rate (ORR) and quality of life compared to traditional chemotherapy, significantly prolonging patients' progression-free survival.
T790M drug-resistant mutations in about two-thirds of patients in tumor tissues that are resistant to the drug in the first and second generations.
second-line treatment with third-generation ERFR-TKI was significantly more effective than chemotherapy (efficiency: 71% vs 31% ;P FS: 10.1 months vs 4.4 months), and the rate of adverse reactions was lower.
In patients with non-small cell lung cancer, there are multiple gene mutations, and the APK mutation has been called a "diamond mutation" by the industry because targeted drugs are more sensitive to this target, and there is ample evidence that patients with APK mutation-positive have a longer lifetime than those who are positive for EGFR mutations.
APK's gene rearm accounted for 4% to 7%.
currently, domestically approved ALK inhibitors include the first generation of clotinib, the second generation of Ceredigion and alethinib, as well as FDA-approved third-generation TKI Lara tinib, which will be available domestically in the future.
is an important treatment strategy for patients with ALC-positive advanced NSCLC.
real-world studies have shown that the patient's medium OS can be more than 7 years and the longest medium OS can reach 89.6 months through the "1 plus 2" sequentia treatment model.
the future, patients will be able to receive third-generation medication after the emergence of second-generation drug resistance, ALK-positive patients will have a further extended survival time, advanced lung cancer can also be treated as a "chronic disease.
if targeted therapy is a landmark innovation in cancer treatment, then immunotherapy is a big anti-cancer weapon.
with the deepening of clinical application and research, it has been found that targeted treatment is not 10-10s.
for some non-small cell lung cancer patients without drive gene mutations, their options are limited, research in the field of small cell lung cancer is still no breakthrough, and drug resistance problems need to be addressed.
there is demand there will be innovation, immunotherapy is rise.
: Making cancer patients live longer is different from chemotherapy and targeting, which uses the body's own immune system to fight tumors.
to understand immunotherapy, you need to understand the relationship between tumors and the immune system.
normally, tumors inevitably accumulate numerous mutations during their development, and these different mutations encode numerous "alien" antigens, allowing the tumor cells that produce mutations to be identified and removed by the immune system.
have to lament that cancer cells are too cunning, and that in the fight against the immune system, mutated tumor cells can get a variety of ways to escape immune system surveillance, which eventually leads to tumors.
the loss of immunogenicity of tumor cells, immunotherapy, represented by PD-1/PD-L1 monoantigen, came into the public eye.
inhibitors inhibit PD-1 on the surface of T cells by binding to PD-L1 mating on the surface of tumor cells, reactivateing T cells and killing tumor cells.
2012, the PD-1 inhibitor Nivolumab was first reported to have been successful in second-line treatment of late-stage NSCLC, and since then NSCLC immunotherapy has flourished.
several PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of advanced NSCLC, including PD-1 inhibitors Navoliyu monoanti, Pabliju monoanti and carelliju monoanti and tyrelliju monoanti;
PD-1/PD-L1 monoantigen approved for second-line treatment of advanced NSCLC, Pembrolizumab is the first for first-line treatment of late NSCLC, 2020 ESMO released KEYNOTE-024 research for 5 years Follow-up data showed that the medium survival of the Pabliju single-anti-comparison chemotherapy group was 26.3 months and 13.4 months, respectively, and the five-year survival rate was 31.9% and 16.3%, respectively, which driven the gene-negative late NSCLC patients one step closer to the goal of "long survival".
of immunotherapy iterations abroad, the field of immunotherapy in China has also ushered in a full development.
June 19, 2020, PD-1 inhibitor Karelliju monoantigen anti-approved lung cancer adaptation, combined with pyridoxe and carpentry for first-line treatment of advanced or metastasis non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.
's latest data show that the total survival of the mid-level exceeded the 2-year mark to 27.9 months, and on January 13, 2021, a joint joint yew alcohol and caraberol were approved for the first-line treatment of local late stage or metastasis squamous non-small cell lung cancer.
The adaptation certificate of immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer has covered the first and second lines, can be used alone, can also be used jointly, suitable population from non-scale cancer to squamous cancer, not only for advanced patients, but also for patients with local late stage can also bring clinical benefits.
results of the pacific test showed that Durvalumab was used as an auxiliary treatment of NSCLC for phase III. Phase synchronous chemotherapy, prolonging progressive survival (PFS).
breakthrough in immunotherapy has ushered in advances in the history of small cell lung cancer.
For more than 20 years, the treatment of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has made little progress, the first-line standard treatment is still platinum (carbatin or cisplatin) combined etoposide, although the efficiency is about 50%-70%, most patients are prone to recurrence and drug resistance, the medium survival is only 9 months to 11 months;
the situation that the overall survival prognostication of SCLC patients is not ideal, various studies have been carried out to try to use immunotherapy to break through the difficult situation of SCLC treatment.
IMpower133 study evaluated the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab combined carb/etoposide first-line treatment of broad-stage small cell lung cancer, and was the first to show that OS achieved significant clinical significance improvement over current first-line standard solutions (OS:12.3 months vs10.3 months, HR=0.70).
addition, the medium PFS, the medium continuous remission time are extended and adverse reactions are controllable.
a new standard for the first-line treatment of broad-stage small cell lung cancer with atleticotin monoantigen/etoposide.
with the deepening of the understanding of tumor immune mechanism, more and more immunological drugs came out, clinical benefits for lung cancer patients brought the dawn.
the potential of future immunotherapy is still worth exploring further.
: From traditional treatment to the development of new anti-cancer technologies, cancer treatment methods have been upgraded over the past 30 years, greatly improving the survival of lung cancer patients.
back to the original problem, diagnosing cancer doesn't mean death is coming, and with the right treatment, you can survive with a tumor and create a better life of your own.