【Deep Coating Society Coating Information】Hazardous waste curing treatment technology and five major disposal technologies of industrial solid waste and hazardous waste

Hazardous waste curing treatment technologies include curing/stabilization and various separation technologies
.
Solidification/stabilization treatment is to fix or encapsulate hazardous waste in an inert solid matrix, so that all polluting components of hazardous waste are chemically inert or encapsulated, reducing the toxicity and fluidity of waste, improving the engineering properties of the treatment object, and facilitating transportation and disposal
.
Solidification/stabilization of hazardous waste is a necessary step before safe landfill disposal of hazardous waste, usually as a pretreatment
prior to landfill disposal.
The solidification/stabilization process is mainly used to treat residues generated by other hazardous waste treatment processes, as well as wastes that are not suitable for incineration, such as sludge containing heavy metals, asbestos, industrial powders, acid and alkali sludge, incineration residues, etc
.

At present, the commonly used methods are: cement curing, lime curing, plastic curing, organic polymer curing, self-adhesive curing, melt curing (glass curing) and ceramic curing
.
Other physical treatment technologies mainly include filtration, adsorption, centrifugal separation, electrodialysis, electrolysis, flocculation, precipitation and sedimentation, flotation, cooling, crystallization, suspension freezing, high gradient magnetic separation, reverse osmosis, air stripping and ultrafiltration
.

First, incineration incineration is the treatment of industrial hazardous solid waste.
The simple method, which is to adapt the properties of the solid waste by high heat, the treatment efficiency of the method itself is extremely high, under normal circumstances, it can reduce the volume of the original object by more than 80%, and the properties of the material itself after combustion are more stable, and a solid foundation
is also laid for the later treatment work.
However, incineration treatment also has one.
The big disadvantage is that other harmful substances will be produced during the incineration process, causing secondary pollution
to the environment.
At present, the incineration of solid waste in China usually uses rotary incinerators to carry out incineration treatment, and its overall effect is relatively good in the actual application process, and the items that can be treated are more extensive in nature, not only can treat ordinary organic matter, but also can deal with chemical reagents, coatings and other wastes
.
The use of oxygen-enriched incineration technology can reduce the heat taken away by N2 contained in smoke, thereby further improving the overall efficiency
of combustion.

Second, the curing treatment curing technology includes many types, among which the curing of chemicals, cement and glass is .
is a common way
.
Through relevant research data, it is shown that the residue incineration disposal by curing treatment is in line with the corresponding corresponding: Landfill standards
.
However, the curing technology itself cannot treat oily or oily oil stains to treat, because the oily sludge has a relatively high water content and large particles, which is usually the first in the treatment process.
to achieve the purpose of solving this problem, and this solution provides more possibilities
for better treatment of large-scale oily sludge in oil fields.

3.
Rapid carbonation and rapid carbonation technology.
Proposed by Seifritz in 1990, the basic principle is to place waste products in a relatively high concentration of CO2 to further improve their reaction speed
.
Application of this technology.
As early as in the carbonization of minerals
.
Studies have shown that most minerals can react chemically with CO2, such as waste building materials, steel slag and calcium carbide slag, etc.
, the content of heavy metals in the above substances is relatively high, so in the process of carbonation, more than 80% of heavy metals
will be consumed.
At present, China's industry will produce about 500,000 tons of charcoal-fired fly ash every year, and most of the fly ash will contain a certain amount of heavy metals
.
Through systematic analysis of PH value, carbonation time and overall gas-solid ratio of carbonic acid reaction, some scholars found that the NaCl and KCl contained in the fly ash had a reverse effect on the experimental device, which eventually led to the further loosening of the fly ash structure.

The residue retained after the carbonation reaction forms cement, which is currently an important building material
.

Fourth, plasma gasification plasma gasification technology is currently .
The main working principle of the new harmless solid waste treatment method is to create a hypoxic and high temperature environment through artificial means, so as to convert hazardous solid waste into flammable mixed gases
such as H2 or CO.
At present, the main application of this technology is in the treatment of municipal waste and agricultural solid waste
.
At present, Europe and the United States are developed: Plasma gasification technology has been applied to the treatment of medical waste, construction waste and petroleum waste, the treatment of this hazardous waste itself has a certain degree of flammability, so that under the premise of high temperature, the whole process of oxidation, politics and decomposition can be achieved, but in order to achieve this purpose, it is necessary to have relatively high technical content
。 Compared with other types of hazardous solid treatment technology, plasma gasification technology should be relatively low in the overall water content of the treated articles themselves, which can well treat the original sludge and sewage into usable resources, and can achieve the purpose of further compressing the solid volume, in addition, most of the toxic substances in the inert waste residue can be effectively repaired or decomposed
.

At present, supercritical water oxidation technology has been developed in Japan and Europe and the United States.
It has been widely promoted and applied
.
It is mainly used in the treatment of plastic degradation, organic wastewater and biological sludge
.
As early as 1995, a truly commercial treatment plant was built in Austin, USA, and it was applied to long-chain amines and other types of organic solid waste
.
In general, the process handled by this method is relatively simple, but it can be
affected by many factors.
Therefore, in the process of supercritical water oxidation technology, once the overall content of organic matter in the medium can reach 2%, it can assist the entire oxidation process to achieve complete naturalness, which is more energy-saving
than other treatment methods.

Source: Super Petrochemical

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