Current situation and Prospect of sheep industry in China

Introduction: China's sheep industry has a long history, as early as the Xia and Shang Dynasties there were written records of sheep More than a thousand years ago, the south of China mainly raised goats, and then gradually formed a scale Sheep production has the characteristics of high reproduction rate, strong adaptability, easy management and so on Since the reform and opening up, with the continuous improvement and implementation of the party's policies in rural areas, China's agriculture and rural economy have been fully developed Animal husbandry has become an important pillar industry of the rural economy, and the types and output of animal products have been greatly improved Especially in the past 20 years, the development of sheep raising industry in China has stepped into the first place among the world's major producers At present, China's goat feeding volume, cashmere output, mutton output and raw Mianshan sheepskin output rank first in the world The rapid development of China's sheep industry is also obvious to the world According to statistics, in 1998, China produced 170 million sheep, 2.346 million tons of mutton, 31400 tons of goat hair and 276700 tons of sheep hair The average carcass weight was 13.6kg The development of sheep raising will continue to make new contributions to the adjustment of the industrial structure of agriculture and animal husbandry, the revitalization of the rural economy, and the acceleration of the poverty alleviation and prosperity of farmers and herdsmen in the Tenth Five Year Plan of China Next, I'd like to introduce to you the characteristics of China's sheep production and development "First, sheep are widely distributed and intensively raised, with a significant regional distribution China's sheep production is widely distributed, and sheep are raised in 31 provinces, regions and cities across the country According to the survey, goats account for 55% of the total number of sheep in general years, and sheep account for about 45% The number of goats is slightly more than that of sheep According to the ecological environment, the distribution of breed resources, feed and forage resources, and the market sales of sheep in China, sheep raising in China can be roughly divided into two regions: the South and the north One is the southern goat producing area Goats are mainly distributed in the south central, southwest and East China regions Historically, farmers have the habit of raising sheep They have a large market for the production and sales of mutton and are raised in captivity In recent years, with the development of market economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the development speed of sheep raising in South China is accelerating day by day, and the sheep raising production is gradually stepping into scale, science and industrialization According to statistics, there are 12 provinces including Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui and Sichuan with more than 4 million goats on hand every year The total number of goats on hand accounts for 85% of the total number of goats on hand in China, which is the main production area of goat production Second, the northern sheep production area Sheep are mainly distributed in the west, northeast and North China China's sheep are mainly fine wool and semi fine wool, and the number of fine wool sheep is more than that of semi fine wool sheep In the sheep production area, the combination of half house feeding and grazing makes the production develop rapidly According to statistics, 9 provinces, regions and cities, including Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Tibet, Gansu and Heilongjiang, have more than 4 million sheep on hand every year The total number of sheep on hand accounts for 86.7% of the total number of sheep on hand in China, which is the main production area of sheep production In addition to producing sheep, Western and Northern China is also an important production base of cashmere 2、 The development is fast, the production cycle of qew sheep raising is short, the reproduction is fast, the benefit is good, it is favored by the majority of farmers and herdsmen, and the development trend is good At the same time, local governments at all levels attach great importance to the development of sheep production and give great support The establishment of preferential development policies, active financial support and efforts to open up the market have laid a good external environment and internal production conditions for the development of sheep industry, and accelerated the process of large-scale and industrialization of sheep industry in China According to the statistics of qew, at the end of 1996, the stock of sheep and goats in China increased by 36.58% and 162.6% respectively compared with 1985 In 1996, 8 provinces and districts listed more than 5 million sheep in China, accounting for 78.3% of the total Among them: the number of sheep out of the total number of 78.3% Among them, Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu, Xinjiang, Hebei and Inner Mongolia accounted for more than 5% of the total number of sheep Shandong Province has the highest number of sheep, accounting for 25.4% of the total number of sheep In 1996, the export rate of sheep in China reached 64.03%, an increase of 31.93 percentage points over 1985 The export rate of sheep in 12 provinces and districts in China exceeded the national average, and the highest export rate in Jiangsu Province reached 141.3% In the past decade, the output of wool and cashmere has increased significantly, and the output of sheep wool has increased by 60.1% Among them, the output of cashmere has increased from more than 2900 tons to more than 9500 tons, increased by 6600 tons, increased by 219.6% 11 provinces and regions, including Inner Mongolia, Shandong, Xinjiang and Shaanxi, have cashmere production of more than 100 tons The cumulative cashmere production accounts for 97.9% of the total cashmere production in China In 1996, seven provinces and regions, including Shandong, Henan, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and Jiangsu, produced more than 100000 tons of mutton The cumulative production of mutton accounted for 70.1% of the total production of mutton in China Shandong Province, with the highest production of mutton, accounted for 17.9% of the total 3、 The breed resources are abundant, and the scale of sheep production is beginning to take shape The breed resources of Mianshan sheep in China are very rich, with high reproduction rate, fine cashmere and high cashmere yield, as well as lambskin, fur and other special production varieties According to the investigation, there are 35 species included in the national livestock and poultry variety records Among them, there are 15 kinds of sheep, including Tan sheep, Hu sheep, Wuzhumuqin sheep and Small Tail Han sheep; there are 20 kinds of goats, including Liaoning cashmere goat, Inner Mongolia cashmere goat, Zhongwei goat and Chengdu Ma sheep Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, more than ten kinds of Mianshan sheep have been bred and bred by the animal husbandry scientists and technicians through long-term efforts Such as Xinjiang fine wool sheep, northeast fine wool sheep, Inner Mongolia fine wool sheep, Nanjiang Yellow sheep and Guanzhong Milk Goat With the rapid development of sheep industry, the construction of sheep farms in China has also made considerable progress, with increasingly perfect layout and reasonable norms According to statistics, there are 211 sheep farms in China, which are distributed in 24 provinces, districts and cities Among them, there are 34 farms with more than 3000 sheep on hand, 32 farms with 3000-1000 sheep on hand, 94 farms with 1000-200 sheep on hand, and the rest farms with less than 200 sheep on hand, accounting for 16%, 15% and 45% of the total number of sheep farms respectively The establishment of these farms has made a positive contribution to the development of sheep industry and the improvement of breed 4、 China sheep production prospect qew China is a vast country with 6 billion mu grassland resources, accounting for 40% of the land area, 3 times of farmland, 3 times of forest land, and rich straw available for agriculture, which provides good resource conditions for the development of sheep production in China In addition, at present, the per capita consumption of mutton in China is less than 2.5kg, which has great potential compared with the per capita consumption of other meats Therefore, in the development of the Tenth Five Year Plan of animal husbandry, sheep production has a bright future Qew goat production focuses on meat sheep and cashmere sheep In the production of mutton sheep, first of all, we should protect the local excellent variety resources, on this basis, we should carry out the hybrid improvement in a planned way, in stages and batches, to produce high-quality and high-yield mutton and ensure the market supply In principle, crossbreeding improvement of any breed is not allowed in the production area of cashmere goats At the same time, it is necessary to establish effective protection fields and areas to ensure that cashmere goat resources are not threatened, and it is strictly prohibited to carry out random and disorderly changes, so as to ensure the improvement of cashmere production and quality and the healthy development of cashmere in China Qew sheep production sheep will focus on the development of high-quality fine wool sheep according to the national planning, improve the unit yield and wool quality, and speed up the development of fine wool sheep At the same time of developing high quality fine wool sheep, we must strengthen the grassland construction, improve the grassland resources and environment, increase the grass yield per unit area, develop the extension of grass and sheep supporting technology, change the feeding mode, and improve the economic benefits of sheep raising In short, developing sheep production, increasing mutton production, improving and improving people's living standards have great production potential in China Let's work hard for the development of sheep production in China Qew (author:) to feed Weibo to: