Current situation and development direction of meat dog industry in China

Introduction: dog meat is a kind of meat food with high protein, low fat, low cholesterol and high nutritional value Chinese people have a long tradition of eating dog meat In the past, dogs were mainly used for house keeping, house protection, play, hunting, sled pulling and so on, and their rearing methods were mainly scattered and tethered In recent years, with the development of animal husbandry and the improvement of people's living standards, the breeding and overall development of meat dog as a whole and charming industry came into being, which set off the breeding fever of meat dog, many of which have achieved considerable economic benefits However, there are many problems in the process of its development The current situation and development direction of aquaculture are summarized as follows 1、 Breeding status: according to incomplete statistics, at present, there are about 2000 dogs with a breeding scale of more than 30 in China, 40-60 dogs in general, and no more than 300 dogs with a breeding scale of more than 100 The feeding quantity is about 100000, far from meeting the market demand Therefore, the dog industry has great development potential The main breeds raised in China are Tibetan mastiff, Saint Bernard, Mongolian shepherd dog, local dog and hybrid dog The feeding mode is mainly captive and tethered The feed is mainly made of corn flour, leftovers from slaughterhouses, inferior and expired meat products (such as sausages) and so on, which are made into congee for feeding Some large-scale feedlots are made of corn, soybean cake (or soybean meal), fish meal, bone meal, yeast and other feeds, which are also made of congee for feeding The purpose of each farm is to breed Most of them use large Tibetan mastiff, Saint Bernard, Great Dane and other breeds as their male parent, and use excellent local dogs as their female parent for hybridization; some dog farms mainly use pure breed Tibetan mastiff, Saint Bernard and other large dogs, and the offspring are sold in the form of breed dogs There are only a few farms for the production of commercial meat dogs, and even if there are any, the scattered dogs purchased locally or from other places will be fattened for a short time Rabies, canine distemper, viral enteritis, hepatitis and other diseases are the major hazards to the dog industry At present, the immunization procedures of canine distemper and viral enteritis are not ideal, and the quality of vaccines produced by some manufacturers is poor Therefore, there is a high incidence rate of canine distemper and viral enteritis in meat dog breeding, which brings great economic losses to the dog breeders 2、 Existing problems: 1 Small scale and scattered From the current scale of China's meat dog breeding industry, although it is all over the country, there are few farmers who have truly formed large-scale breeding, far from meeting the social demand for breeding dogs, let alone the social demand for commodity dogs 2 The breed is miscellaneous and disorderly At present, there is no real meat dog breed that meets the standard in our country The breed raised in each dog farm is mainly pure breed breed breed of some large dogs imported from home and abroad, or hybrid dog born by crossbreeding with local female dog, or better local native breed dog In order to obtain economic benefits, some of them basically use the male dog of their hybrid generation as the breeding dog, and then purchase the female dog from the local area, and sell them as the breeding dog in a group of 9 female 1 male or 10 female 1 male In general, the breeds of dogs sold on the market are relatively miscellaneous, with unstable genetic performance, different body sizes, disordered hair colors and different ages 3 The feed is monotonous and the nutrition is not complete At present, the traditional experience diet standard is adopted in the breeding of meat dogs in China The feed type is single, the change is great, the nutrition level is low and unbalanced, and the mineral elements, especially the trace elements and vitamins are very poor The growth speed is slow, and some metabolic diseases often appear, which affect or restrict the normal growth and development of dogs 4 the high incidence rate and low survival rate of intensive dog breeding are the first problems that incidence rate of dogs is high and survival rate of young dogs is low The reasons for the high incidence rate after group breeding are: 4.1 Shortening the infection distance At present, the sources of breed dogs in dog farms are relatively complex Some are introduced from some dog farms, some are purchased from rural areas Some of these dogs have some infectious diseases They are raised in the same farm with healthy individuals Through the interaction of feed, drinking water, feces, air and between the breeders or individuals, the whole population is caused Disease 4.2 Stress increases the dog's sense of smell, hearing and vision It is aggressive and aggressive It's instinct to watch the house and protect the hospital Therefore, dog breeding is often affected by two aspects On the one hand, it comes from the stress effects of density, fighting, hostility and howling in the group; on the other hand, it comes from the stress effects of external visitors, passing vehicles and pedestrians Thus, the endocrine disorder will lead to the decrease of reproductive capacity and disease resistance 4.3 The quality of the vaccine is poor or the vaccination method is improper At present, the disease immunization procedures of the meat dog are based on the immunization procedures of fox, raccoon dog and so on The vaccines are mostly used for fur animals The practice proves that the immune effect is not ideal Therefore, all kinds of vaccines used in dogs should be produced by the virus isolated from the dog's disease materials to ensure the titer of the vaccine In addition, puppies are usually vaccinated after weaning It has been proved for many years that young dogs should be vaccinated in small doses and many times from the age of 40 days after birth Three, Development direction 1 Cultivate good breed of meat dog Judging from the current development of meat dog breeding industry, it has great development potential, but the key is that there is no good breed of meat dog Therefore, we must speed up the cultivation of good breed of meat dog The ultimate goal should be in line with the following: 2 Fast growth speed, high feed conversion rate; strong adaptability, strong disease resistance; gentle temperament, moderate nerve sensitivity; consistent body shape, strong body, developed front and back body; short, straight and flat coat (at present, there are many middle and long hairs in the meat dogs, which is not only prone to external parasitic diseases, but also makes a lot of nutrients used for coat growth, causing waste; and In addition, it is inconvenient to clean the dog's surface The short haired dog can avoid the above phenomena; it has strong fecundity, more offspring; it has pure internal taste and high meat yield 3 The development of anti stress additive is very sensitive to the external environment Slight changes in the environment will cause the group's stress response, lead to the endocrine disorder, the decline of disease resistance and the reduction of feed conversion efficiency Therefore, the research and development of high-efficiency anti stress additives is of great significance to the dog breeding industry 4 To develop in the direction of scale and intensification In the long run, in order to obtain higher economic benefits, it is necessary to develop in the direction of standardization and intensification The production, sales and processing of meat dog breeding have been formed step by step, and the focus has been on the international market.