CRISPR technology is used for cancer patients for the first time in the US!

Recently, the leading academic journal Science published online the latest developments in a clinical trial of cancer immunotherapy, in which three cancer patients with refractory diseases were treated with a new Type of T-cell therapy that combines gene-editing techniquesNotably, this is the first time that cell therapy based on CRISPR gene editing has been tested in cancer patients in the United Statesthe new T-cell therapy is similar to the CAR-T cell we hear, all to fight cancer by transforming the patient's own immune systemThe researchers needed to collect T cells from the patient's blood and insert a therapeutic T-cell receptor (TCR) in vitro by genetic engineering to identify the typical protein of cancer cells, NY-ESO-1This cancer antigen provides a target with high specificity and weak toxic side effects for T-cell therapyCompared to CAR-T cell therapy, TCR-T cell therapy is less likely to have life-threatening adverse events such as cytokine release syndromeand on the basis of T-cell therapy, CRISPR-Ca9 gene editing technology provides a powerful tool for enhancing the natural anti-cancer capability of T cellsBefore inserting TCR, the researchers used CRISPR technology to knock out three genes in T cellsTwo of them are T-cells with their own TCR genes, which can avoid the natural TCR and genetically engineered inserted receptors to produce wrong pairing or competition, improve the therapeutic TCR effectThe third gene is the one that encodes the PD-1 receptorJust as immunocheckpoint inhibitors that inhibit the function of the PD-1 protein can help T cells remove "brakes", gene editing knockout of PD-1 receptors can also enhance T-cell activity and avoid T-cell depletiona diagram of the new T-cell therapy (photo: Reference s1)the researchers conducted A Phase 1 clinical trial to test the practical feasibility and safety of the concept"The trial focused on three questions: Can we edit T-cells in this particular way?" Do the resulting T-cells still function? Can these cells be safely returned to the patient? Dr Edward Stadtmauer, lead author of the study and lead author of the clinical trial, said"Early data suggest that the answer to all three questions is yes"
In this published results, T-cells that have been edited by these genes did not cause severe adverse reactions associated with treatment and showed long-lasting survival and amplification Of the three cancer patients involved in the trial, two had refractory advanced myeloma and one had refractory metastatic metastatic sarcoma, all of which had previously been shown to be ineffective After receiving T-cell retransmission, genetically engineered T-cells can still be detected in the patient for up to nine months And when the researchers isolated genetically edited T-cells from patients, they were taken back to the lab for testing and found that they still had the ability to kill cancer cells CRISPR-Ca9 engineered T-cells continue to amplify and survive in 3 patients (Photo: Source: Supplied) "Previous studies have shown that these cells lose function within a few days, and the current results show that CRISPR-edited cells can maintain anti-cancer function for a considerable period of time after a single injection, which is very encouraging! Professor June said researchers also note that initial clinical results are acceptable, but more patients and longer observations are needed to fully assess the safety of this new approach, just before they can actually enter clinical treatment In addition, whether genetically engineered T-cells are effective for advanced cancer is an important question to be answered in follow-up studies researchers say the new data will open the door to later research and continue to look at whether the new approach can be extended to a wider range of cancer treatments It is hoped that in the near future, gene editing technology will benefit more cancer patients References: Science DOI: Doi: 10.1126 / cience.aba7365 Retrieved Feb 10, 2020, from http://
s3 s crispR-Edited Immune Cell Can And Thrive After Infuion Into Cancer Retrieved Feb 10, 2020, from http://
Retrieved Feb 10, 2020, from http://
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