Communications Biology: Vision tests can predict cognitive decline associated with Parkinson's disease 18 months in advance

Earlier, a study published in the journal Movement Disorders further demonstrated that changes in vision occur before cognitive decline, which occurs in many, but not all, Parkinson's patients.
dementia associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by changes in cognition and perception, including visual hallucinations, delusions and fluctuations in attention.
it is usually pre-and-forth with visual impairment and is associated with low metabolism in the back of the brain region.
, especially high-level visual impairment, were associated with poor cognition during one-year follow-up.
, although Parkinson's disease is characterized by Louisian enumeration, the neurological correlation of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease, especially structural and functional changes, remains unclear.
new study, published recently in the journal Biology, the same team found that the structural and functional connections in various regions of the brain in people with Parkinson's disease become separated throughout the brain, especially those with vision problems.
the two studies together shed light on how cognitive impairment experienced by many people with Parkinson's disease is caused by the loss and change of brain lines.
researchers found that people with vision problems are more likely to develop dementia, which seems to explain potential changes in their brain circuits.
" vision test may provide us with a window of opportunity to predict Parkinson's disease before it begins, which may help us find ways to stop cognitive decline before it's too late.
," the researchers note.
first study, researchers used pixel-based analysis to detect longitudinal white mass changes in people with Parkinson's disease.
At the baseline examination, 77 patients (22 cases of vision impairment/55 cases of normal vision, 13 cases of PD mild cognitive impairment/51 cases of cognitive normality) and 25 control groups were assessed for dispersal imaging and clinical evaluation, which was performed again 18 months later.
study found that patients with PD-accompanied dysfunction were less cognitively performing during follow-up and were more likely to develop mild cognitive impairment (P - 0.008) than patients with normal vision.
diffuse microstructure and macrostructure changes were shown in the baselines of Parkinson's patients with poor visual function, while baseline changes were less in patients with mild cognitive impairment.
follow-up, low-visual Parkinson's patients showed a wide range of macrostrual changes, including double-sided forehead bundles, outer sacs, and small and medium cerebral infarctions.
even if the two were combined, there was no vertical change in patients with mild cognitive impairment at baseline or conversion.
the white matter macrostructage of patients with Parkinson's disease changed over time and the performance of low vision increased over time, and the white matter damage in patients with poor visual function increased, further evidence that visual function is a sign of an imminent decline in cognitive ability.
a second new study, researchers found that those who continued to develop Parkinson's disease had impaired brain lines, including areas associated with vision and memory.
researchers used recently developed methods to analyze very detailed MRI scans so they could detect damage to the brain's white mass.
researchers found that some of the long-distance lines that connect the front and back of the brain are damaged by whiteness, which helps the brain form a cohesive overall network.
study involved 88 people with Parkinson's disease (33 of whom had visual impairments and were therefore classified as high risk patients with dementia) and 30 healthy adults in a control group who had their brains scanned through MRI scans.
found that people with Parkinson's showed a higher degree of decoupling throughout the brain.
decoupling of the back and less specific areas of the brain in people with Parkinson's disease is most severe.
with visual impairment have more decoupling in certain brain regions, but not all, of them, especially in the memory-related temporal lobe regions.
The Research Group on Control and Change in Structural-Functional Connectivity Coupling in Patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD) also found that levels of certain neurotransmitters (chemical messengers) in people at risk of cognitive decline changed, suggesting that the subjects of these deliverables may be potential targets for new drugs to treat Parkinson's disease.
notable, although dopamine is known to be associated with Parkinson's disease, the researchers found that other neurotransmitteres - acetylcholine, serotonin and epinephrine - were particularly affected in people at risk of cognitive decline.
together, these two papers help us understand what's going on in the brains of people with Parkinson's disease," the researchers said.
these people's cognitive decline appears to be caused by the interruption of neural connections connecting different regions of the brain, which is valuable for clinical trials, and vision testing can help us identify the target population for new drug trials, which may help slow Parkinson's disease.
if an effective treatment is eventually found, these simple tests may help us determine who will benefit from which treatment.
" Reference: 1. Angeliki Zarkali, Peter McColgan, Louise-Ann Leyland, Andrew J. Lees, Geraint Rees, Rimona S. Weil. Organisational and neuromodulatory underpinnings of structural-functional connectivity decoupling in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Communications Biology, 2021; 4 (1) DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01622-92. Angeliki Zarkali, Peter McColgan, Louise‐Ann Leyland, Andrew J. Lees, Rimona S. Weil. Visual Dysfunction Predicts Cognitive Impairment and White Matter Degeneration in Parkinson's Disease. Movement Disorders, 2021; DOI: 10.1002/mds.28477MedSci Original Source: MedSci Original Copyright Notice: All text, images and audio and video materials on this website that state "Source: Mets Medicine" or "Source: MedSci Original" are owned by Mets Medical and are not authorized to reproduce, and any media, website or individual may not reproduce them with the words "Source: Met Medical".
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