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With funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (approval numbers: 21625102, 21971017, 21922502, 21674012), the team of Professor Wang Bo and Feng Xiao from Beijing Institute of Technology and the team of Professor Wang Fengchao from the University of Science and Technology of China have made progress in the field of membrane distillation seawater desalination.
With the rapid growth of the global population and the continuous development of industry, the shortage of freshwater resources has become a global problem that needs to be solved urgently.
Desalination is an effective way to solve the problem of freshwater crisis
.
Among many seawater desalination technologies, membrane distillation (membranedistillation, MD) uses the difference in vapor pressure on both sides of the membrane as the driving force for mass transfer, and is driven by heat to make water vapor pass through the porous hydrophobic membrane material for desalination.
In response to the above problems, the research team used a two-dimensional covalent organic framework (COF) film with regular penetrating nanopores as a basis.
By introducing a competitive reversible covalent bonding strategy, the pore size and pore hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity were prepared.
The COF membrane whose environment changes with the depth gradient (see Figure 1) realizes seawater desalination by high-flux membrane distillation
.
On the one hand, the ultra-thin hydrophobic separation layer (short mass transfer path) and the vertically penetrating nanopores (low curvature) greatly reduce the transmembrane resistance of water vapor; on the other hand, confined nanopores have an enhanced effect on water evaporation
