Chinese enterprises may consider importing olive oil and table olives from Egypt

Introduction: olive oil has a unique taste Olive oil has a unique taste, rich nutrition and special health care function, which is known as "liquid gold" The world market consumption is growing rapidly Table olives made by special methods are also popular as health food and green food Egypt's unique geographical location, warm climate and fertile sand land provide good conditions for the growth of olive trees In recent years, the planting area of olive trees in Egypt has been expanding and the output has been increasing In addition to meeting domestic consumption, olive oil has been partially exported; table olive production has leapt to the second place in the world With the improvement of production conditions and the adoption of international technical standards, coupled with the devaluation of the Egyptian Pound and the implementation of government export incentives, the competitiveness of olive oil and edible olive products in Egypt has increased, and the export of olive oil and edible olive products has increased 6kq I The production and sales of olive oil and table olives in Egypt in recent years Under the encouragement of Egypt's policy orientation of vigorously developing agriculture and food processing industry, farms, oil pressing plants and table olive processing plants related to Olive Planting and processing have been gradually developed, and some large enterprises have emerged There are a large number of olive trees planted on the desert road between Alexandria and Cairo, in Siwa oasis, matru province and other places, and there are 70000 in Siwa oasis alone At present, these olive trees are gradually entering the harvest period 6kq for a long time, the olive fruit harvested by Egyptians was mainly used for pickled pickles, olive paste, olive vinegar, etc., known as table olives The unique climate conditions and pollution-free natural environment make the olive produced in Egypt have a unique taste 6kq 2 Egypt's position in the world olive oil and table olive market 6kq the main olive oil producing countries in the world are mainly in the Mediterranean countries, mainly Spain, Italy, Greece, Tunisia, Turkey, Syria and Morocco, which account for 90% of the world's total olive oil production Spain, Italy and Greece are the three largest olive oil producers and exporters in the world In 2001 / 02, olive oil production in these three countries accounted for 3 / 4 of global production At the same time, 6kq olive oil is the main producer and consumer Italy, Spain, Greece, France, Portugal, Syria and other major consumers of olive oil At present, the total consumption of olive oil market in the world has exceeded 2600 kilotons In 2001 / 02, the total consumption of EU countries was 1893 thousand tons, accounting for 78% of the world consumption With the producer's own production and marketing, the actual consumption may be greater Other non major consumer countries are the United States, Australia, Japan, Canada and Brazil In 2001 / 02, the olive oil consumption of the five countries was 188.5 kilotons, 27.5 kilotons, 31.5 kilotons, 24 kilotons and 22.5 kilotons respectively The average annual consumption of olive oil by Greeks is 25 kg, ranking first in other countries The average annual consumption of Spain, Italy, Portugal and France is 12.6kg, 12.3kg, 6.9kg and 1.4kg respectively 6kq Spanish olive oil production ranks first in the world, but the export volume ranks second in the world, after Italy; Italian olive oil production ranks second in the world, but it is the largest consumer, the largest exporter, and the largest importer At present, the olive oil output of 6kq Egypt is not large, but it has been growing rapidly in recent years, gradually changing from satisfying domestic consumption to exporting In recent years, the production of table olives in Egypt has surpassed that in Turkey, Syria and the United States, becoming the second largest producer, with the production and export volume ranking first in Northeast African countries According to statistics, in 2001 / 02, the global table olive production was 1464000 tons Among them, the output of Spain is 575000 tons, that of Egypt is 135000 tons and that of the United States is 120000 tons According to the prediction of the world olive oil association, the olive oil production of Egypt increased to 4000 tons in 2002 / 03, and that of table olives also reached 160000 tons, ranking second in the world In addition to domestic consumption, 50% of the products are exported 6kq 3 The market price of Egyptian olive oil and table olive 6kq 1 The related factors affecting the price of olive oil There are many factors that affect the price of olive oil, including: origin; quality level; packaging, trademark and brand Among them, the origin and quality level are the determinants of price 6kq (1) origin Olive is a kind of narrow plant in the world Generally speaking, olive has no special requirements for its growing soil As long as the pH value is between 6.5 and 8.0, the soil is loose and permeable, and it can grow both in siliceous soil and calcareous soil But research shows that the best olive oil comes from the fruits of olive trees, which are rich in calcium and rich in soil Therefore, place of origin has become one of the important factors to determine the price 6kq (2) quality level The quality of olive oil depends on the variety of olive tree, growth conditions, diseases and insect pests and their control, the ripeness of fruits during harvesting, the treatment, processing and storage after harvesting, etc In order to get high quality olive oil, not only can't damage the fruits, but also need to process the harvested fruits in time If it can not be treated in time, the fruit should be soaked in salt water (concentration 6%) According to the quality difference, olive oil can be divided into virgin olive oil and refined olive oil, with 5 grades: 6kq The original olive oil, or natural olive oil, is the oil juice obtained directly from fresh olive fruit by mechanical cold pressing, filtering and other treatment to remove foreign matters, without any chemical treatment during the processing This kind of olive oil has a unique fragrance, golden yellow with green, rich taste, equivalent to a juice, suitable for direct consumption or cold dishes According to the acid value in the liquid, the olive oil can be divided into three grades: 6kq Ⅰ and extra virgin, which is the highest quality olive oil Generally, it has fruit flavor and pleasant fragrance The acid value is generally 0.2% and the highest value is not more than 1% Generally below 1.5%, the taste is pure, fragrant and fruity 6kq Ⅱ High quality olive oil (fine virgin), with a slightly higher acid value, but no more than 2% It is pure and fragrant with fruit flavor The flavor of 6kq Ⅲ and ordinary virgin olive oil is pure and fragrant, with an acid value of no more than 3.3% (the virgin olive oil with an acid value of more than 3.3% is generally not suitable for direct consumption and needs refining) 6kq refined olive oil, or "secondary oil" For many years, people have been using mechanical method to extract oil directly from olive fruit The quality of olive oil extracted by this method is the best, but the output is relatively low Generally, one kilogram of oil can be extracted per 4.5kg olive, so the price is relatively expensive There is still a large amount of virgin olive oil in the olive residue which has been squeezed for the first time In order to make full use of these resources, since 1993, Spain has adopted the method of dissolving olive oil from oil residue The acid value of the "secondary oil" is generally more than 4%, and the color is also turbid, so it is generally not edible After the general edible oil extraction process such as decolorization and deodorization, its acid value can generally be reduced to less than 0.3% Although its quality is not as good as the original oil, its taste is also good and its price is relatively cheap It can be used as cooking "secondary oil" and divided into two grades: 6kq Ⅳ and ordinary olive oil The refined oil is mixed with a certain proportion (usually 10% - 30%) of the original oil to mix the flavor and color Its acid value is generally below 1.5%, showing a transparent light golden yellow Most of the olive oil on the shelves of supermarkets in non oil producing countries is this kind of olive oil 6kq Ⅴ Refined olive oil is the olive oil extracted from oil residue by dissolution method and refined This oil maintains its original chemical structure It can be mixed with a certain proportion of virgin olive oil, and its acid value is generally below 1.5% The price of 6kq virgin olive oil is more expensive than refined olive oil The price difference between the two kinds of oil varies in different countries: Spain is about 10%, Italy is 40%, Greece is 30% 6kq (3) container and packaging In order to ensure the quality, olive oil, especially the original olive oil, is generally packed in glass bottles or tin containers, and the refined olive oil can be packed in plastic containers The packing of olive oil is exquisite The high-grade olives are packed in inflatable packaging, and the cost of small packaging is generally 0.5-1 USD 6kq (4) distribution cost Generally speaking, the retail price of the distributor is increased by 30% on the basis of the ex factory price as the gross profit 6kq 2 The recent price of olive oil in Egypt and its comparison with that of major oil producing countries For a long time, the price of olive oil in Egypt has remained high, 40% higher than that in the international market due to the impact of agricultural subsidies from EU countries Since 1998, the EU has increased the subsidy price per litre of olive oil produced by member countries to US $1.11 Spain, France, Portugal and other countries have higher subsidy standards for olive oil production, which is 117.36 euros per 100 kg; Greece, 103.38 euros per 100 kg; Italy, 84.98 euros per 100 kg In addition, most of Europe's exports are mixed oil, which reduces the cost of exports and the price is low 6kq recently, due to the sharp depreciation of the Egyptian Pound, the low labor cost advantage of Egypt and the export subsidy policy implemented by the Egyptian government, its production cost has been gradually reduced, and its price is basically close to the international market level 6kq 3, table olives and price The main varieties of 6kq Egyptian table olives are pickled olive fruit and olive paste After processing, the finished products of pickled olive fruit include: non seeded olive fruit, seeded olive fruit, olive slices, etc The main factors affecting table olives are the variety and color of Olives, the size and packaging of fruit particles, etc 6kq variety and olive color: the olive planted in Egypt is mainly 4 colors: black olive, green, gold and brown The price of golden olive is the highest, while that of brown olive is the lowest; the price of black olive is higher than that of green and brown olive 6kq olive grain size: Generally speaking, the bigger the olive fruit, the higher the price The larger olive fruit has 100-120 seeds per kilogram, the smallest is 220-240 seeds per kilogram, resulting in a price difference of up to one time (in bulk) 6kq IV analysis on the possibility of importing olive oil and table olives from Egypt In the 1970s, China imported olive from Europe, and established some olive bases in Yunnan, Sichuan and other places, but still unable to meet the growing market demand At present, the annual output of olive oil in China is less than 10000 tons, the annual import is 450000 tons, and the gap is more than 300000 tons According to statistics, olive oil imports at Shanghai port have increased by more than 50% in recent years, and Hong Kong's imports have doubled In the past, our main olive oil importers were Spain, Italy, Greece, etc 6kq as the price of Egyptian olive oil gradually approaches to the international market price, it gradually adopts international technical standards in production, and has a certain competitive advantage in the international market The price of Egyptian high-grade olive oil, especially super grade virgin olive oil, is relatively low, which is suitable for our market demand At the same time, the table olive production of Egypt has a long history, the price is more appropriate, with a certain amount of imports