China soybean "Zhong Huang 13" genome released

The Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in cooperation with the Chinese University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Species Resources and Biotechnology, Beijing Berry and Kang Biotechnology Co., Ltd., assembled the genome of the Chinese soybean variety Gmax_ZH13 from the head, and finally obtained a genome sequence of 1.025 Gb, containing 20 chromosomes and 1 chlorophyte. The results were recently published online as cover articles
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, which originated in China and is known as "tuna", was domesticated by its wild species about 5,000 years ago and has since spread widely around the world. Soybean has a genetic bottleneck effect in the process of introduction and improvement, which makes there are significant genetic variations among soybean varieties from different main producing areas. The widely used soybean reference genome is derived from the American variety "Williams 82". The genome of this single species does not fully represent the genetic variation of all soybeans, especially Asian varieties with significant genetic variations that are geographically distant from the United States. In addition, functional studies have found that there are many assembly errors in the genome, which affect the location of functional genes.using a combination of single-molecule real-time sequencing, single-molecule optical mapping and high-volume chromosomal composition capture techniques, the
team analyzed that the "medium yellow 13" genome Contig N50 is 3.46 Mb and Scaffold N50 is 51.87 Mb, which is one of the best continuous plant genomes. Further analysis showed that there were a large number of genetic variations between the Gmax_ZH13 and Williams 82 genomes, including 1404 susceptible events, 161 inverted events, 1233 reverse positional events, and 505,506 small inserts/missing and 17,409 large inserts/missing events in Gmax_ZH13.
The study integrated a large amount of transcription data to build a complete gene co-expression network for the Gmax_ZH13 gene annotation gene, obtained 26 genes that may control soybean flowering time, and verified some of the genes using the association between genetic variation and esoteric differences in natural populations, providing a new way of thinking for the excavation of important agro-featured genes. Gmax_ZH13 of soybean genome provides an important resource for the basic research of soybeans and lays the foundation for the cultivation of excellent soybean varieties in China. (Source: China Science Daily)