China promotes "feed grain reduction substitution": feed production increase

China's food security must not only ensure the demand for rations, but also meet the basic needs of
feeding.
4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

In recent years, with the growth of residents' income, the consumption of meat, eggs and milk and other livestock products has increased, the scale of livestock and poultry breeding in China has been expanding, and the demand for feed grains has continued to grow
.
In 2021, China's feed grain accounted for 51.
7%
of total grain consumption.
4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

Gao Yupeng, a professor at Northwest A&F University, told First Finance and Economics that China's food security is essentially feed food security
.
Food security is one of
the "stuck neck" problems facing the modern aquaculture industry.
For the livestock industry, it is a "difficult dream" to let livestock and poultry eat Chinese grain
.
4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

"Strengthening the reduction and substitution of feed grain" is put on the agenda 4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - based on feed, serving animal husbandry

China is a big country in the world's breeding industry, pig breeding, meat, poultry, eggs and poultry breeding volume are ranked first in the world, and aquaculture accounts for about
65% of the world.
Correspondingly, there is a corresponding amount of feed, of which corn and soybean meal are important raw materials
.
4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

Tan Shiyan, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and professor of China Agricultural University, said that in the main livestock and poultry feed formula structure in China, the proportion of energy feed raw materials is generally 65%, of which corn accounts for about 50% to 55%; The proportion of protein feed raw materials is generally 30%, of which soybean meal accounts for about 15% to 20%.

4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

In addition to the consideration of food security, in recent years, grain imports have remained high, prices have continued to rise, and "strengthening the reduction and substitution of feed grain" has gradually put on the agenda
of China's aquaculture industry.
4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

Taking the cost of fresh eggs as an example, in the first half of this year, the average social cost of fresh eggs was 4.
27 yuan / jin, an increase of 0.
38 yuan / kg compared with the cost of fresh eggs in the same period of 2021 of 3.
89 yuan / jin
.
Wang Zhong, associate professor at the College of Animal Science and Technology of China Agricultural University, explained that the main factors for the increase in costs include the sharp increase
in soybean meal prices from March to June this year.
Of course, the high price of feed raw materials has also spawned technologies
such as "high-quality feed raw material substitution" and "grain-saving and efficient production" in the layer chicken industry.
4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

The reduction and substitution of feed raw materials is closely related
to the change of price.
When the supply of corn and soybean meal is insufficient and the price is too high, other grains such as wheat can replace some corn, and other miscellaneous meal can replace part of the soybean meal used
in feed.
According to industry research, when the price per ton of wheat, barley, sorghum, rice, etc.
is 100 to 200 yuan lower than that of corn, it can replace corn
with other grains without reducing feed quality and increasing production costs.
4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

Corn is one of the three major staple grain varieties in China, and China has a clear positioning
for its import dependence.
In August this year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs made it clear in its "Summary of Responses to Recommendation No.
4270 of the Fifth Session of the 13th National People's Congress" that corn "must maintain a high domestic self-sufficiency rate to avoid being controlled by others
.
" 4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

Feed production increased, soybean imports fell 4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - based on feed, serving livestock

Since 2018, in response to the excessive proportion of corn and soybean meal in the compound feed, China has opened up the work
of "open source substitution, efficiency reduction and reduction" of feed.
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For example, the establishment of the National Animal Nutrition Steering Committee, the formulation and release of the "pig and chicken feed corn soybean meal reduction alternative technical program", to guide enterprises to build a new diet formula structure suitable for China's national conditions, improve feed conversion and utilization efficiency
.
4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

In the feed formula, for corn, China is promoting the use of wheat, barley, sorghum, rice and other grains, with the use of enzymes and other additives to achieve corn substitution; For soybean meal, vigorously promote high-quality low-protein diets, as well as replace soybean meal with other miscellaneous meal
.
4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

Tan Shiyan said that the low-protein diet preparation technology, called low-protein, is actually high-quality, which is to use industrially produced amino acids to make up for the short board varieties, reduce the waste of other varieties, and achieve the purpose
of reducing the amount of protein in the feed.
4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

Practice has also proved that the addition of 5 to 6 essential amino acids, combined with the application of the net energy system, can reduce the feed protein level of the whole process of pig breeding to about
13%.
At present, China's scientific researchers have been carrying out research on pig and chicken low soybean meal or soybean meal-free diet technology, which will greatly reduce the amount
of protein raw materials such as soybean meal in the future.
4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

So, what is the effect of corn and soybean meal reduction substitution? 4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - based on feed, serving animal husbandry

According to the latest industry report, the "National Feed Production Situation in July 2022" report mentioned that in July 2022, the amount of corn used in the compound feed produced by feed enterprises accounted for 30.
3%, and the amount of soybean meal in the compound feed and concentrated feed accounted for 15.
6%.

4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

In 2017, corn accounted for 52% of the compound feed and soybean meal accounted for 17.
9%.

4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

This effect can be clearly seen from the comparison of "feed production, meat, eggs and milk production increased, but soybean imports declined"
.
In 2020, the output of compound feed in China increased by 30 million tons compared with 2019, but soybean imports did not grow synchronously, and the promotion and application of low-protein diets played a certain role
.
In 2021, the production of compound feed increased by 42 million tons year-on-year, and China's meat and milk production hit a record high, but soybean imports did not increase but fell, a year-on-year decrease of 3.
81 million tons
.
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Tan Shiyan said that in 2021, the feed consumption of the national aquaculture industry will be about 450 million tons, and the proportion of soybean meal in feed will be 15.
3%, down 2.
4%
year-on-year.
According to the calculation of the feed formula of the previous year, it is equivalent to saving 10.
8 million tons of soybean meal, equivalent to 14 million tons
of soybeans.
4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

Among them, Clostridium ethanol protein obtained the first new feed raw material certificate in China
.
The breakthrough of industrial biosynthetic protein technology is of great practical significance, which will help China get rid of "soybean import dependence" and achieve "carbon neutrality"
.
Dai Xiaofeng of the Feed Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences said that the industrial production of 10 million tons of Clostridium ethanol protein (protein content 83%) is equivalent to 28 million tons of imported soybean equivalents, that is, 1/3
of China's annual soybean imports.
At the same time, the technology also opens up a new way to "produce high-quality feed protein from low-cost non-traditional animal and plant resources", which is equivalent to reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 250 million tons for every 10 million tons
of this protein produced.
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It is worth noting that urea is also one of
the important ways to achieve ruminant soybean meal reduction substitution.
According to Zhao Shengguo and other researchers from the Beijing Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, in the "Farmers Daily", urea is an important non-protein nitrogen feed for ruminants such as cattle and sheep, and has been included in the first batch of feed additive catalogues
in China.
According to the dietary formula of 53 foreign dairy cows in the research literature, the average addition of urea is 160g/catt/day
.
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According to the article, urea feed has unique advantages, such as cost
savings.
The nitrogen content of urea is 6.
8 times that of soybean meal, which means that for every 1 ton of urea nitrogen used, 6.
8 tons of soybean meal nitrogen can be saved, and 12,000 yuan of dietary costs
can be saved.
Another example is not occupying cultivated land resources
.
Urea is an industrialized product that is mainly synthesized
using by-products of coal or natural gas as raw materials.
And for every 10 million tons of soybean meal replaced by urea, 100 million mu of arable land
will be saved.
4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry

For the corn soybean meal reduction to replace the future development prospects, Tan Shiyan expressed optimism: "My ideal is that one day there will be no soybean meal in the feed, even plant cake meal, all with synthetic amino acids, and then use some energy feed
.
" "4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry.
"

He mentioned that China is a country with scarce resources, only this can not meet the demand, on the one hand, we must use amino acid technology to suppress the level of protein, "if you can develop industrial amino acids better, the protein raw materials that can be used 'eat dry and squeeze clean', meat and livestock, eggs and poultry, waterfowl, ruminants, aquatic feed are all used in low-protein technology, and then develop new feed resources, all aspects are counted, by 2030, it may reduce 12 million tons of protein, equivalent to more than 26 million tons of soybean meal, Equivalent to more than 33 million tons
of soybeans.
"4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry.
"

On the other hand, develop and develop moderate-scale breeding, and make full use of agricultural and sideline products and grain, oil, fruits, vegetables and potato processing by-products to produce biological feed
.
Recently, a scientific research team is using biotechnology to convert straw resources into feed, and if successful, it is expected that there will be more than 40 million tons of corn in the future
.
4SV China Feed Industry Information Network - Based on feed, serving animal husbandry