China has a new generation of Maize

Introduction: it is a good way to speed up the adjustment of China's agricultural industrial structure to promote the cultivation of high-yield, stable, high-quality and efficient crop varieties on a large scale "Nongda 108" is the only new variety with complete intellectual property rights in the large-scale promotion and cultivation of Corn Varieties in China Its two parental inbred lines provide an important variety for the fifth generation of Corn Varieties in China, which also creates conditions for the sixth generation of a more optimized new hybrid corn variety in China "Nongda 108" is a new maize variety with high quality, high yield and high efficiency developed by Professor Xu Qifeng of China Agricultural University after 20 years of breeding In 1963, American biochemists found that the opaque-2 gene could increase the lysine content in corn grains by 80% - 100%, which caused a sensation Because of the nutritional value of high lysine corn, it is equivalent to skimmed milk powder for infants, which can prevent and cure leprosy for adults; as a feed component, it can also significantly improve the daily weight gain of piglets, improve the egg production rate of hens, and reduce the feed to meat ratio The discovery of opaque-2 has also aroused the interest of scientists from all over the world in studying the breeding of high lysine maize, but has little effect Although the nutritive composition and starch content of corn are increased, a series of problems are brought about: the weight of 1000 grains is reduced, it is easy to be broken when mechanical threshing, it is easy to get moldy when exposed to rain at maturity, and rats and insects are frequent Throughout the domestic corn varieties, either high-yield and poor quality, or high-quality and low-yield or high-quality and unstable yield, can not meet the national requirements of "high yield, stable yield, high quality and high efficiency" breeding objectives The main reasons are: lack of germplasm resources, poor basic research, few new excellent inbred lines, resulting in the increasingly narrow genetic basis of hybrids, difficult to improve heterosis, and serious disease epidemic In 1973, Professor Xu Qifeng formulated the technical route of "paying equal attention to both yield and quality, starting from quality" and "expanding germplasm resources, insisting on innovation", and made efforts to select new inbred lines
Professor Xu Qifeng successively introduced 15 high lysine populations and more than 150 inbred lines, including tropical germplasm in Mexico, temperate Germplasm in the United States, European Germplasm with 02 gene, local varieties and excellent inbred lines in China, so as to broaden the genetic basis of germplasm, integrate a variety of excellent varieties and overcome the vulnerability of narrow genetic basis in common hybrids In the work of broadening the genetic basis of germplasm, Professor Xu Qifeng combined the germplasm into two parental inbred lines in a certain proportion by means of many times of aggregation and hybridization, and then after 20 years of hybridization test and matching, he finally selected "Nongda 108", which almost includes the main germplasm types at home and abroad, which is rare in other hybrids, and it is a replacement for the renewal of Maize Varieties in China It laid a solid foundation "Nongda 108" increased production by 24.7% on average, 591.7 kg / mu, and 50 kg / mu on average in the national regional test from 1994 to 1996 The grain lysine content of "Nongda 108" was 0.36% (71% higher than that of the control), ranking first in common corn The crude protein content of grain was 9.43% (≥ 9.0% was high quality feed), and the crude starch content was 72.24% (> 70% was high quality standard) The crude protein content of mature straw was 6.95%, crude fiber 31.73%, crude fat 1.06%, and the nutritional value was close to that of alfalfa or peanut seedling The results show that Nongda 108 is an ideal new variety for both grain and forage From 1998 to 2001, "Nongda 108" has been popularized and planted in 24 provinces and autonomous regions of China, covering an area of 80173600 mu From 1998 to 2001, "Nongda 108" has been growing at the rate of 12 million mu per year, which is still on the rise High quality, high yield and high efficiency maize varieties play an important role in the adjustment of China's agricultural industrial structure 70% - 80% of corn produced in China is used as feed, but its nutritional quality is generally poor The birth of "Nongda 108" has opened a new page for all indexes of Maize Varieties in China to reach the level of quality excellence, and it is worthy of being the leading variety of maize renewal in China At the same time, it contributes to the adjustment of agricultural structure and the development of animal husbandry (author:) share to feed Weibo share to: