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This work confronts an under-researched but pressing public health question: What does the damage from lead exposure manifest as people age?
According to a recent estimate, Haena Lee and colleagues wrote, "The 170 million Americans alive today — or more than half of the U.
S.
population — were exposed to excessive levels of lead
as children.
Conditioned association with lead exposure and baseline cognitive function in childhood.
.
.
This corresponds to an increase in age by 8 years
.
"
Exposure to lead as a teenager causes permanent damage to the central nervous system: cognitive abilities as defined by measures such as IQ and academic achievement are impaired
.
But while researchers have done extensive research on the effects of lead poisoning early in life, they have not done an exhaustive investigation
of the damage of lead poisoning in old age.
Lee et al.
completed the survey
by analyzing data from cognitive tests from three repeated Health and Retirement Studies conducted by study participants from 1998 to 2016 and examining census records from 1940 to determine where these participants lived as children 。 This led the team to obtain a sample of 1,089 older adults living in 398 different cities in 1940 who had had varying degrees of exposure
to lead in the past.
Lee et al.
reasoned that in this sample, children living in areas contaminated with water with lead should have had worse cognitive function and faster cognitive decline
.
However, their results do not prove the latter to hold
.
Although adults with a history of lead exposure had poorer cognitive abilities, the rates of cognitive decline were strikingly similar
in both groups.
The authors argue that this surprising finding is an example of how little is known about the impact of childhood exposure to lead on later life, and that bridging this knowledge gap is critical as adults who grew up in the age of leaded gasoline are entering old age
.
"Clearly, more research
is urgently needed to better understand the lifelong effects of childhood lead exposure on brain aging, and to discover effective interventions to mitigate the long-term sequelae of lead," the authors wrote.
Our findings also address the public health problems of American children born in the '60s, '70s, and '80s, who are exposed to
unprecedented levels of lead from leaded gasoline and other sources.
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