Cellular and Molecular E. Suzhou University puts forward the role of extracellular vesicles in congenital immunomodulation.

Recently, Professor Zhou Fangfang from the Key Laboratory of infection and immunity, Institute of biomedical research, Suzhou University, Jiangsu Province, was in cellular & amp; amp; China; Molecular immunology published a research paper named "the function and clinical application of extractable vesicles in innate immune regulation", which discussed the key role of exosomes in determining innate immune response, and the application potential of exosomes as biomarkers and cancer vaccines in diagnosis and treatment.almost all living cells can secrete extracellular vesicles (EVS), including microbubbles (MVS), exosomes and apoptotic bodies.as a new intercellular communication medium, EVs can carry proteins, lipids, a variety of RNA (microRNAs, mRNAs, long non coding RNA) and other bioactive molecules, and even DNA fragments from donor to recipient cells.EVs can be found in plasma, urine, saliva, sputum, breast milk and other body fluids.exosomes have the ability to protect transport substances from degradation and to avoid recognition and subsequent clearance by the immune system, and can effectively transport substances to receptor cells.recently, more and more evidences show that exosomes from tumor cells, host cells, even bacteria and parasites mediate the communication between the invader and innate immune cells, and play an irreplaceable role in the transmission of molecules from pathogens and donor cells.exosomes come not only from the cells in the endosome pathway formed by polyvesicles (MVBs), but also from the buds of plasma membrane, while the micro vesicles are secreted only by the plasma membrane shedding or budding.depending on their cell sources, exosomes play different roles in normal physiological processes such as immune response, cell proliferation, inflammation, metabolism and neuronal function, as well as in different stages of disease (including cancer).the biogenesis and composition of exosomes have attracted more and more attention in recent years.the innate immune system is composed of a network of cells, including monocytes / macrophages, dendritic cells (DCS), neutrophils and natural killer cells (NK), which mediate the earliest interaction between host and pathogen.innate immunity is the first line of defense against any invasive substances, including virus infection, and plays a key role in eliminating host viruses.pattern recognition receptors (PRRS) for viral nucleic acids include toll like receptors (TLRs), rig - I-like receptors (RLRs) and some DNA sensors (such as CGAs).PRRS recognize a variety of pathogen related molecular patterns (PAMPs), including bacterial and viral DNA and RNA, and risk associated molecular patterns (damps).different PRRS respond to different PAMPs, activate specific signaling pathways, trigger the expression of antiviral interferon I (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines, and lead to different anti-bacterial reactions.in this review, the author introduces the basic knowledge of EV and exosomes, and describes the latest important discovery and therapeutic potential of EV and exosomes in innate immune regulation mechanism.the role of exosomes in innate immunity Journal submission and literature related issues, official account number and official account submission will be focused on solving problems in the group, and encourage academic exchanges and academic thinking in the group.in order to ensure a good discussion environment in the group, please add a small wechat first, scan the QR code to add, and then we will invite you to join the group in time. tip: when adding small wechat and after joining the group, please be sure to note the name of school or unit + at the end of PI, we will invite you to join Pi group.