Cell Reports . . . Guo Weixiang's research team reveals a new mechanism for differential regulation of embryonic nerve occurrence and adult nerve.

Neurogenesis is a process in which neural stem cells proliferate and differentiate into new neurons, which is essential for the correct development and functional connectivity of mammalian brain.during embryonic development, the neural epithelial cells in the ependymal region expand the progenitor cell bank by symmetrical division. When the neural epithelium thickens to the pseudostratified wall, the neural epithelial cells transform into radial glial cells, namely embryonic neural stem cells (eNSCs), which directly produce neurons or indirectly through intermediate precursor cells.at the same time, a part of eNSCs began to proliferate slowly and remained to become adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) in the ependymal subregion of lateral ventricle and subgranular area of dentate gyrus of hippocampus.although the proliferation and differentiation process of adult neurogenesis is similar to that of embryonic neurogenesis, there are still great differences in the proliferation rate, differentiation rate and cell microenvironment changes.the internal mechanism of the differential regulation of neurogenesis in these two stages is still unclear.on December 3, 2019, the research group of Guo Weixiang, Institute of genetics and developmental biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, published an article in cell Reports Magazine: developmental cytogenetic to nuclear translocation of RNA binding protein HuR is required for adult Neurogenesis revealed that the translocation expression of HuR is one of the important regulatory molecular mechanisms of neurogenesis difference between the two stages.the researchers found that RNA binding protein HuR was specifically knocked out in neural stem cells, resulting in adult neurogenesis defects, and had no effect on embryonic neurogenesis.in eNSCs, HuR is mainly located in the cytoplasm, and with the development, HuR is mainly located in the nucleus.further analysis of the molecular mechanism showed that HuR regulates the selective cleavage of focal adhesion kinase (FAK).in HuR knockout aNSCs, 5 '- UTR mRNA was formed, which resulted in increased FAK mRNA translation and over activation of FAK signal.in HuR conditional knockout mice, drug inhibition of FAK activity can improve adult neurogenesis defects and hippocampal dependent learning and memory impairment. This work suggests that the translocation of HuR in the cytoplasm and nucleus of eNSCs and aNSCs may be one of the molecular mechanisms of differential regulation between embryonic neurogenesis and adult neurogenesis.Guo Weixiang is the first author of this paper, and researcher Guo Weixiang is the corresponding author.the research team of Cao Xiaofeng, Institute of genetic development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Professor Zhu Xiaojuan of Northeast Normal University helped with the experiment.the differential regulatory mechanism of HuR on embryonic and adult neurogenesis