Cell Rep: The brain's cellular network provides energy for neurons

January 20, 2021 / --- brain has as many neurons as glial cells.
these are divided into four main categories: small glial cells, asstarytic glial cells, NG2 glial cells and less protrusive glial cells.
small protrusion glial cells mainly play the role of cell insulation belt.
, on the other hand, astrological glial cells provide energy to nerve cells: through their appendages, they come into contact with blood vessels and absorb glucose from them.
, they transport it to the interface between the synapses of two neurons.
, they converted sugar into other energy-rich molecules.
"We have now been able to demonstrate that less protrusive glial cells play an important role in the distribution of these compounds," explains Professor Christian Steinhäuser of the Institute of Cell Neuroscience at the University of Bonn.
is also known as the "portal of consciousness."
the sensory signals it receives include signals from the ears, eyes and skin.
then forward them to the respective centers of responsibility of the cerebral cortical layer.
(Photo: www.pixabay.com) star-shaped glial cells can form tight connections: they build intercellular networks through tunnel-like concedes.
molecules can be migrated from one cell to another through these "gap connections".
years ago, Steinhäuser and his colleagues demonstrated that there are fewer dendrogenic glial cells in these networks in the hyaluranthy, about as many as assassin glial cells.
cells form a huge network in this way, which neuroscientistes call "glial networks."
, however, in other regions, the network consists mainly of coupled astroid glial cells.
we wanted to know why this was different here," explains Dr Camile Philippot of the Steinhäuser research team.
our results show that high-energy compounds spread from blood vessels to synapses through this network.
and fewer protruding glial cells seem essential in this process.
also revealed the consequences of energy supply disruptions on the processing of neuron information.
when a pulse from a transmitter cell reaches a synapse, it releases the messenger molecule into the synapse gap.
these neurotransmitter docked on the subject cells and triggered electrical signals there, the post-synapse potential.
these signals, potassium and sodium ions pass inward through the membrane-sodium ions of the subject cells, and potassium ions outward.
, they must be pumped back again like neurotransmitter.
, neurons need energy, and when there is a lack of energy, pump activity stops.
" (Bioon .com) Source: Brain cell network supplies neurons with energy Original source: Camille Philippot et al, Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in the thalamus jointly maintain synaptic activity by supplying metabolites, Cell Reports (2021). DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108642