Cell overview deep interpretation! Stem cells play a key role in skin damage repair, cancer and skin stability!

may 28, 2020 /PRNewswire2820 /
BioValley
BIOON/ -- In a recent review of cell, published in the international journal
cell, "Skin in The Game: Stem Cells in Repair, Cancer, and Homeostasis," scientists from Yale University outlined the key rolesstem cellsplay in skin damage repair, cancer and steady state maintenanceresearcher Elaine Fuchs has won the 2020 Canadian Gedner International Award for finding a key role in body balance, wound repair, inflammation and cancer in adult skinstem cells, and the results may help scientists understand the molecular mechanisms ofadultstem cellforming, maintaining and repairing tissue, while also providing new clues to the discovery of otherstem cellpathwaysthe circular destruction and regeneration of Prometheus liver in Greek mythology highlighted the ancient fascination with tissue regeneration and self-healing, it was not until centuries later that researchers developed an innovative study of bone marrow cells in mice in the 1960s to establish the cellular basis for tissue regeneration, which confirmed that adult cells in bone marrow can be re-implanted into the body of exposed mice, and this study provides the basis for identifying stem cells in other tissues and maintaining and repairing damaged tissueThe ease with which stem cells operate, isolate and study in blood systems has led to rapid development of key concepts in mammalian adult tissue, however, researchers do not know how to control stem cell regeneration in other tissues, and in the 1970s researcher Howard Green began research on the molecular mechanisms that control theof non-hematopoieticstem cellsPhoto: Valerie Horsley.
Cell, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.019
Over the past 15 years, researcher Elaine Fuchs and colleagues have used the molecular gene expression of hair folliclestem cell(HFSCs, hair follicle cell cell) to identify and clarify multiple transcriptions,epigeneticand habitat factors in HFSCs Important functions in the formation and regeneration process, they found that two layers ofstem cells in the hair folliclescommunicate with each other through growth factors BMP6 and FGF18, which can be expressed and secreted in hair follicles, thus inducing their expression of transcription factors such as NFATC1 and FOXC1 to maintain the HFSCs in a resting state, on the other hand, Early generations of HFSCs are able to secrete Shh signals to stimulate the self-renewal and regeneration of more subgenerational cellstranscription factors such as Sox9, Lhx2 and TCF3/4 can regulate the behavior of stem cells in other ways with super enhancers in silent HFSCs, and the Wnt signal drives the activation of additional superenhancers that turn on hair growth
, which are subject to multiple changes in geneticregulation during hair growth.
In addition to the intrinsic regulation of HFSC activity, the researchers also revealed that interstitial habitat cells (such as skin nipple cells) regulate HFSC activity, and although scientists have many problems with hair follicles regeneration control, researcher Suss' work has improved our understanding of HFSCs regulation at a certain level researcher Fuchs's contribution goes beyond our understanding of skin follicles development and regeneration, and his team has made significant progress in wound healing research, finding that HFSCs promote the migration of epidermal stem cells to close open epithelial cells during skin repair after injury The researchers then revealed the mechanism by which the epidermal stem cells between the follicles promote wound repair, and the results showed that, like hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells, damage promotes the inflammatory memory of epithelial stem cells, thereby enhancing their ability to repair future damage, which requires inflammatory stimulation, i.e epigenetic changes that drive epithelial stem cells
through inflammatory small body signals Given the importance of wound management as a global population health problem, research may provide new ideas for late-stage scientists to develop effective clinical treatments for serious diseases that endanger human health another major area of research by researchers, Fuchs, who analyzed how the skin produces cancer, found that skin tumors were triggered by excessive activation of the Wnt signal in the epidermis, and then tried to use advanced technology to study genetic mouse models to reveal the molecular mechanisms of tumors produced in the skin For example, they screened tumor-prone mice for RNAi to identify cancer genes in skin cancer, tumor inhibitors and microRNAs, and in another study they used invival biosensors to track cell lines of active TGF-b signaling pathways; Signals in tube systems create a loose habitat that stimulates cancer stem cells in a particular way
and allows them to become invasive and resistant to chemotherapy, a method developed by researchers that defines new owners that drive skin tumor
forming, while also helping to develop powerful tools to study the biological properties of stem cells and cancer , researcher Fuchs helped us to reveal the molecular mechanisms of cell flow in tissues during the formation of body balance, damage repair and tumor , and by using powerful cell biology tools and applying them to tissue biology research, the researchers have boldly changed the impact of stem cell biology in a variety of fields, including immunology , wound repair, dermatology research, and cancer biology, as if Prometheus' liver swasputed again and again (biovalleybioon.com) Reference: valerie Horsley Skin in The Game: Stem Cells in Repair, Cancer, and Homeostasis, Cell , 30 April 2020, Pages 492-494 doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.03.019