Cell Metabol: Two key events that can turn normal cells into cancer cells

November 16, 2020 // -- In a recent study published in the international journal Cell Metabolism, scientists from the University of Pennsylvania's Perelman School of Medicine and other institutions said more than 100 types of cancer may appear throughout the human body, but two common metabolic path pathlines may be closely related to the occurrence of these cancers.
scientists have long believed that all types of cancer are controlled by a common set of basic processes, but they do not know the molecular mechanisms behind them.
a unified mechanism may guide scientists in developing new therapeutic strategies to prevent normal cells from being converted into any type of tumor, such as breast, prostate or colon cancer. In the
article, the researchers revealed that the conversion from esoteric normal cells to cancerous cells may involve the enhancement of two key components, namely antioxidant defensive mechanisms and nucleotide synthesis mechanisms;
Photo: Pixabay/CC0 Public Domain researcher Xiaolu Yang says scientists discovered many cancer-related genes as early as the 1980s, but these genes often affect multiple cellular processes, making it difficult for scientists to determine which genes cause cells to become cancerous.
to the researchers' incredible findings, what a normal esoteric cell needs to be equipped with additional capacity to withstand the oxidative pressure it experiences and produce nucleotides.
researchers point out that cells may not develop cancer when these metabolic pathlines are turned off; in the paper, the researchers first expressed the G6PD gene, which makes enzymatic glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in mouse and human cells, while the enzyme is active in almost all cells of the body and is primarily involved in the normal processing of carbohydrates, and the expression of the enzyme may allow human cell carcinoma to develop tumors in mice alone.
The researchers then analyzed the molecular mechanisms involved in expression to determine which path path paths are critical to cell transformation, and found that G6PD stimulates the production of new NADPH, which maintains cell redox balance (which protects cells from damage or death) ) the key coenzyme, while G6PD also promotes the production of more nucleotides to maintain cell proliferation, in the case of oxidative pressure (cancer cells will continue to multiply and spread to encounter this environment), normal cells will become yield, and cancer cells will continue to multiply in this case.
The study also provides further evidence in clinical trials and other studies that antioxidants actually support tumor growth, rather than inhibit tumor growth, and that tumor formation requires a strong antioxidant defense mechanism, and that giving them more antioxidants may provide an ideal environment, a finding that may help researchers explain that compounds that interfere with nucleotide biosynthetics may be one of the chemotherapy drugs that successfully treat cancer.
more importantly, this study also proposes a molecular framework to better understand the process of cell carcinoma, and also provides a new roadmap for new treatments for cancer. Yang, the
final researcher, said: 'We have found that cell carcinogenic transformation may come from two basic steps, and the results of this paper suggest that combining the therapies that affect these two events/basic steps, some of which have been applied clinically, may be more effective in suppressing normal cell cancer.'
() Original source: Yang Zhang, Yi Xu, Wenyun Lu, et al. Upregulation of Antioxidant Capacity and Nucleotide Precursorability Suffices for Oncogenic Transformation, Cell Metabolism (2020). DOI:10.1016/j.cmet.2020.10.002