Cell Host & Microbe nerve signals regulate surface glycosylation of intestinal epithelial cells and gut microbial homeostasis

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The intestines are inhabited by tens of thousands of microorganisms, which have important effects on the health, metabolism regulation, and immune regulation of
the host.

At the same time, the intestine is also the organ in the body with the highest number of neurons besides the brain
.

The presence of a large number of sensory neurons (80% of afferent neurons) and motor neurons (20% of efferent neurons) in the gut indicates that communication between the brain and the
gut is bidirectional.

Numerous studies have shown that the gut microbiome, and the metabolites from which they originate, can regulate neuronal activity in the brain through different pathways, but whether and how neurons regulate the behavior and homeostasis of the gut microbiome remains unclear
.

On September 22, 2022, the Zhongbin Deng team from the University of Louisville published an article in Cell Host & Microbe Enteric VIP-producing neurons maintain gut microbiota homeostasis through regulating epithelium fucosylation.
It was demonstrated that VIP neurons regulate fucosification modifications on the surface of intestinal epithelial cells by secreting VIP-signaling peptides, thereby regulating the colonization and homeostasis
of intestinal microorganisms in the intestine.

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