Cell: High pressure, poor ability! Cell reveals brown fat cell stress mechanism

In modern society, everyone's life under a lot of pressure, we all know that "stress mountain" will damage health, so that inflammatory diseases "make matters worse"However, how does stress reduce the body's resistance to disease and cause it to worsen? What is the relationship between stress and inflammation? In stressful environments, the body secretes hormones such as cortisol and adrenal, which should have weakened the inflammatory response, why under heavy pressure, inflammation is actually aggravated? These phenomena are still difficult for scientists to explain, June 30, andrew Wang of Yale University School of Medicine published an online research paper on Origin and Function of The Women's Matter-Induced IL-6 in Murine ModelsThe study revealed the origin and function of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in mice under pressure conditionsStudies have found that brown fat cells produce a large amount of IL-6 in stress responses that cause inflammation, and that IL-6 is also associated with auto
immunediseases, cancer, obesity,diabetes
, depression and anxiety disordersspecifically, in order to study stress-induced immune media, the authors used a mouse stress model to screen 32 inflammatory fine D cytocytic factors and chemopting factors in the cycleThe results show that IL-6 is the most induced cytokine and can mediate long-lasting stress physiological effects (Figure D)IL-6 is produced by a variety of cell types, including hematopoietic cells, myocardial cells, endothelial cells, and fat cellsSo under pressure conditions, what cells are the increased IL-6 produced?In order to determine the source of IL-6, the authors used IL-6 defectmice to conduct a mixed bone marrow chimeric study and found that stress-induced IL-6 was not produced by radiation-sensitive cellsThe authors then used the hemorrhagic model to perform IL-6 induced screening of a variety of tissues and found that IL-6 was secreted by brown fat cells (Figure D)Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role in energy metabolism and temperature regulation, and the peripheral is directly controlled by sympathetic nerves The authors speculate that IL-6 is induced by beta-adrenaline signals To test whether stress-induced IL-6 depends on sympathetic neurons, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is used to block the BAT sympathetic nerve without affecting the central nervous system The results showed that 6-OHDA post-treatment stress-induced IL-6 decreased significantly (Figure D) and was dependent on beta-adrenaline receptor 3 (Adrb3) (Figure E) Considering that stress can produce a large number of IL-6s, the authors speculate that IL-6 has synergies with stress physiology Using indirect heat, the authors detected blocking the IL-6 signal, which resulted in a significant change in the total energy consumption of mice (Figure A) Moreover, IL-6 induces liver sugar in the course of stress, which increases the production of glucose in the body In subsequent experiments, the authors found that IL-6 increased mortality in endotoxin (LPS) inflammatory model mice and reduced the body's adaptability to LPS-induced inflammation Instead, by inhibiting IL-6 with the drug, the inflammatory response in mice can be inhibited, depression symptoms can be alleviated, etc Overall, the study found that brown fat, when received by stress signals, secretes large amounts of IL-6 in a Dependent Form of Adrb3, which can trigger elevated blood sugar through liver sugar, which helps the body respond to a "fight or runaway" response, but also causes inflammation Brown fat cells not only "burn your calories", they can lose weight, but also regulate body temperature But in stressful environments, this fat cell can also exacerbate inflammation in the body Drugs for brown fat cells and IL-6 will help improve our ability to withstand stress and treat a variety of diseases