Cell: Heavyweight! For the first time, a small number of auxiliary T-cells have been found in the brain and their new role in brain development has been revealed.

!--:page title"--July 27, 2020 /PR ---Newswire/ -- Whether white blood cells can be found in the brain has been debated, and what role they may play is a complete mystery until now. In a ground-breaking study, researchers from the VIB Brain and Disease Research Centre in Belgium, the University of Leuven and the Babrahan Institute in the UK described a dedicated population of brain-resident immune cells found in the brains of mice and humans, and found that the presence of white blood cells was crucial to the normal development of the mouse brain.related findings were published online July 22, 2020 in the journal Cell, with the title "Microglia Require CD4 T Cells to The Fetal-to-Adult Transition".the paper's newsletter is written by Professor Adrian Liston.images from Cell, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.026.is like a highly fortified headquarters, and our brains enjoy special protection through the blood-brain barrier, free from the circulation of other parts of the body.this highly selective boundary ensures that the passagefrom from the blood to the brain is strictly controlled.blood-brain barrier also separates the brain from our body's immune system, which is why the brain also has its own resident immune cells called small glial cells, which trigger inflammation and tissue repair.small glial cells reach the brain during embryonic development, after which they renew themselves.However, as part of our immune system, white blood cells have been found to play a role in different brain diseases, including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease or stroke.whether white blood cells can also be found in healthy brains and what role they might play there has been the subject of intense debate.an interdisciplinary research team led by Professor Liston began looking for answers. "The misunderstanding of white blood cells comes from their names," explains Dr. Oliver Burton of the Babrahan Institute, co-author of the white blood cell paperthe brain.these 'immune cells' are not just present in the blood.they constantly circulate around our bodies and enter all our organs, including the brain.we're just starting to discover the role that white blood cells play when they leave the bloodstream.the study, they act as middlemen, passing information from other parts of the body to the brain environment. " the researchers quantified and characterized a small but unique population of brain-resident-assisted T-cell populations in mouse and human brain tissue. T cells are a special type of white blood cell that specializes in scanning the cell surface for evidence of infection and triggering an appropriate immune response. new technology allows the researchers to study these cells in great detail, including the process of circulating T-cells into the brain and beginning to appear to reside in the t-cell characteristics of the brain. "Science is becoming more multidisciplinary," said Dr. Carlos Roca of the Babrahan Institute, co-author of the paper. in this study, we introduced not only expertise in immunology, neuroscience, and microbiology, but also computer science and applied mathematics. new data analysis methods allow us to understand the biological properties of white blood cells found in the brain to a deeper level. " an evolutionary effect when auxiliary T cells were missing in the brain, the researchers found that the resident immune cells in the brains of mice -- small glial cells -- remained between fetal and adult developmental state ---. observed that mice lacking T-cells in the brain experienced multiple changes in behavior. their analysis, the brain's resident T cells play an important role in brain development. If T-cells were involved in the normal development of the mouse brain, would humans do the same? "In mice, the intake of immune cells at birth triggers the switch on brain development," Liston said. But humans have been much longer pregnant than mice, and we don't know how long immune cells enter the brain. Did this happen before birth? Is it delayed until after birth? Does change in entry time help promote cognitive enhancement? "These findings open up a new set of questions about how the brain interacts with our immune system. "It's really exciting to do research on this project," said Dr. Emanuela Pasciuto, co-author of the paper and a director at the VIB Brain and Disease Research Center. we learn a lot about how our immune system changes our brains and how our brains change our immune systems. the correlation between the two is much closer than we thought before. " Liston said the study also revealed a link between the brain and the gut microbiome. "There are multiple connections between bacteria in our guts and different neurological diseases, but there is no convincing explanation for the connection, " . we found that white blood cells are modified by gut bacteria and then bring this information into the brain. This may be the way our gut microbiome affects the brain. " these results contribute to a growing recognition of the role of immune cells in the brain and provide new insights into their role in a range of neurological diseases. (bioon.com) References: 1. Emanuela Pasciuto et al. Microglia Require CD4 T Cells to Complete The Fetal-to-Adult Transition. Cell, 2020, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.026.026.2.New role for white blood cells in the developing braining "title" - !--/ewebeditor: page.